scholarly journals The influence of expertise and experimental paradigms on the visual behavior of tennis athletes in returning a serve

Kinesiology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-279
Author(s):  
Yen-Nan Lin ◽  
Matheus M. Pacheco ◽  
Yaw-Feng Lin ◽  
Chia-Tso Huang ◽  
Ju-Han Lin
Keyword(s):  
Important Influence ◽  
Visual Pattern ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Actual Situation ◽  
Visual Behavior ◽  
Experimental Paradigm ◽  
Ball Trajectory ◽  
Fixation Frequency

To return a serve, one must pick up information from the server’s kinematics and anticipate the ball trajectory. Although the perceptual requirements are important, the literature diverges in terms of the differences between experts and novices as well as the importance of the experimental paradigm (in-situ vs. video-based) for the results. This study aimed to address both concerns. We compared experts’ (n=7, 20.6±1.1 year of age) and novices’ (n=7, 20.0±0.4 years of age) visual pattern when returning a serve (Experiment 1) and the influence of the experimental paradigm in experts (Experiment 2). Experts fixated more and longer the upper body and ball, while novices showed a more distributed pattern and with longer fixations outside of the server’s body. Also, the pattern was different when comparing in-situ and laboratory settings, differing mainly in fixation frequency. The influence of expertise was observed in qualitative (relative) and quantitative (absolute) measures of visual behavior with the setting having an important influence. Thus, studies should be as close to the actual situation if trying to understand experts’ behavior.

3D Simulation of Tunnel Collapse Consolidation and In Situ Monitoring Analysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 243-249 ◽  
pp. 3551-3555
Author(s):  
Zhi Min Chen ◽  
De An Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Models ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
In Situ Monitoring ◽  
3D Simulation ◽  
Actual Situation ◽  
Consolidation Effect ◽  
Tunnel Collapse ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Shallow Buried Tunnel

A shallow buried tunnel was collapsed during construction. According to the actual situation of the tunnel, different collapse consolidation schemes were put forward and corresponding three-dimensional finite difference numerical models were established and analyzed using FLAC3D software. Base on the 3D Simulation results, a collapse consolidation scheme was determined and constructed. The in-situ monitoring results of vault subsidence and convergence displacement were consistent approximately with the 3D Simulation results. The in-situ measured results were in line with the specification’s allowance and show that the consolidation effect of reinforced concrete casing arch and ahead grouting method is good. This could be referenced for similar engineering.

scholarly journals Concurrent Gastric Adenocarcinoma of Fundic Gland Type and Carcinoma with Lymphoid Stroma: A Rare Case Report

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 292-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hee Jeong Cha ◽  
Kyungbin Kim ◽  
Misung Kim ◽  
Hyejeong Choi ◽  
Young Min Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Gastric Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Fundic Gland ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Lymphoid Stroma ◽  
Gland Type

Both gastric adenocarcinoma of fundic gland type (ADC-FG) and carcinoma with lymphoid stroma (lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma, LELC) are relatively rare. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of LELC. However, the pathogenesis of ADC-FG, as well as the role of EBV in the carcinogenesis of LELC, remain unclear and under debate. The current study presents a case of concurrent ADC-FG and LELC in the stomach in a 69-year-old man. Total gastrectomy was performed, and two separate masses were identified. Upon histological and immunohistochemical examination, the mass located in the lower body was determined to be LELC and the mass in the upper body was diagnosed as ADC-FG. The lesions were characterized by different mucin phenotypes and EBV in situ results. In the lower-body mass, EBV in situ hybridization expression was diffusely strongly positive, but MUC2, MUC5AC, MUC6, and CD10 were all negative. On the other hand, in the upper-body mass, the results were positive for MUC6 but negative for MUC2, MUC5AC, CD10, and EBV by in situ hybridization. The remaining gastric tissue was unremarkable, and perigastric lymph node metastases were absent. Seven months after the gastrectomy, a postoperative computed tomography scan revealed no recurrence or metastasis.

Interference Uniformity Analysis Based on the Clearance between the Hole and Rivet

2012 ◽  
Vol 246-247 ◽  
pp. 28-32
Author(s):  
Kang Liang ◽  
Li Ping Jiang ◽  
Hong Yu Wei ◽  
Wen Liang Chen ◽  
Hong Yu Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Important Influence ◽  
Evaluation Index ◽  
Test Scheme ◽  
Actual Situation ◽  
Aircraft Structure ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Deformation Stages ◽  
Deformation Law ◽  
The Relationship

The riveting quality has an important influence on the performance of the aircraft structure. The amount of interference can be an important indicator of the quality of riveted structure. The relationship between the clearance between rivet and hole and uniformity of interference is researched theoretically and experimentally against the aviation panel riveted structure. First, the riveting deformation stages are divided, and the deformation law is theoretically analyzed. The test scheme is designed and carried out based on the actual situation. Then, the experiment result is monitored and compensated. Finally, the relationship between the clearance between rivet and hole and uniformity of interfere is given out with the slope of interference as the uniform evaluation index.

Study on the Gob Water Mining Hydraulic Conductivity of Fractured Zone Height Measurement in Fujian

2011 ◽  
Vol 90-93 ◽  
pp. 1272-1277
Author(s):  
Chao Fan Wu ◽  
Ming Song Liu ◽  
Xing Lin Wen
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
Rock Fracture ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Actual Situation ◽  
Height Measurement ◽  
Fujian Province ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
High Degree

Fujian Province is one of Coal shortage for the southern provinces, under the premise to ensure safety of existing and the nowadays conditions of mining as much as possible recovery of coal resources under the old empty water. Uncle YongDing County, Fujian Province Coal mining under the old empty water, for example, to carry out joint working face with a high degree of water flowing fractured measured. Because the field complex geological conditions, the use of empirical formula and numerical simulation method to calculate the upper mining limit, and greater access to the actual situation. Only through in-situ measurement, to obtain specific geological mining conditions of the mine under the true information in order to obtain the actual situation of the mine found the correct data. To this end, this small coal mines in Fujian Province in the first the new technology that upward hole with a multi-stage water underground observation method was used to observe a high degree of fracture of Water, through in-situ construction and arrangement of holes and cracks under the conduction of water with a high degree of observational data analysis and results showed that after two coal face showed continuity with the overlying rock fracture characteristics, top boundary height 43.4m, 3.5m thickness calculated in accordance with mining, mining split ratio of 12.40.

Rendez vous with Saturn's rings

1984 ◽  
Vol 75 ◽  
pp. 743-759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerry T. Nock
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Electric Propulsion ◽  
Power Source ◽  
Propulsion System ◽  
Low Thrust ◽  
Ring Plane ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Total Impulse ◽  
Saturn's Rings

ABSTRACTA mission to rendezvous with the rings of Saturn is studied with regard to science rationale and instrumentation and engineering feasibility and design. Future detailedin situexploration of the rings of Saturn will require spacecraft systems with enormous propulsive capability. NASA is currently studying the critical technologies for just such a system, called Nuclear Electric Propulsion (NEP). Electric propulsion is the only technology which can effectively provide the required total impulse for this demanding mission. Furthermore, the power source must be nuclear because the solar energy reaching Saturn is only 1% of that at the Earth. An important aspect of this mission is the ability of the low thrust propulsion system to continuously boost the spacecraft above the ring plane as it spirals in toward Saturn, thus enabling scientific measurements of ring particles from only a few kilometers.

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