MAPPING TENDERNESS TO PALPATION PREDICTS RETURN TO PLAY FOLLOWING ACUTE HAMSTRING STRAIN

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 421-428
Author(s):  
Brandon M. Schmitt ◽  
Timothy F. Tyler ◽  
Susan Y. Kwiecien ◽  
Michael B. Fox ◽  
Malachy P. McHugh
Keyword(s):  
Return To Play ◽  
Hamstring Strain

scholarly journals Match High-Speed Running Distances Are Often Suppressed After Return From Hamstring Strain Injury in Professional Footballers

2020 ◽  
pp. 194173812096445
Author(s):  
Rodney Whiteley ◽  
Andrew Massey ◽  
Tim Gabbett ◽  
Peter Blanch ◽  
Matthew Cameron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Rugby Union ◽  
Return To Play ◽  
Hamstring Injury ◽  
Professional Football ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Running Performance ◽  
Hamstring Strain

Background: High-speed running is commonly implicated in the genesis of hamstring injury. The success of hamstring injury management is typically quantified by the duration of time loss or reinjury rate. These metrics do not consider any loss in performance after returning to play from hamstring injury. It is not known to what extent high-speed running is altered on return to play after such injury. Hypothesis: Match high-speed running distance will change after returning from hamstring injury. Study Design: Non-randomized cohort. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Methods: Match high-speed running distance in highest level professional football (soccer, Rugby League, Rugby Union, and Australian Rules) were examined for a minimum of 5 games prior and subsequent to hamstring strain injury for individual differences using a linear regression models approach. A total of 22 injuries in 15 players were available for analysis. Results: Preinjury cumulative high-speed running distances were strongly correlated for each individual ( r2 = 0.92-1.0; P < 0.0001). Pre- and postinjury high-speed running data were available for a median of 15 matches (range, 6-15). Variance from the preinjury high-speed running distance was significantly less ( P = 0.0005) than the post injury values suggesting a suppression of high-speed running distance after returning from injury. On return to play, 7 of the 15 players showed a sustained absolute reduction in preinjury high-speed running distance, 7 showed no change, and 1 player (only) showed an increase. Analysis of subsequent (second and third injury) return to play showed no differences to return from the index injury. Conclusion: Return to play was not associated with return to high-speed running performance for nearly half of the players examined, although the same number showed no difference. Persisting deficits in match high-speed running may exist for many players after hamstring strain injury. Clinical Relevance: Returning to play does not mean returning to (high-speed running) performance for nearly half of the high-level professional football players examined in this study. This suggests that successful return to play metrics should be expanded from simple time taken and recurrence to include performance.

scholarly journals Injuries in Cricket

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinshaw N. Pardiwala ◽  
Nandan N. Rao ◽  
Ankit V. Varshney
Keyword(s):  
Return To Play ◽  
Time Loss ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Hamstring Strain ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Acute Injuries ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Pubmed Search ◽  
Game Format

Context: Cricket is a popular global sport that requires a combination of physical fitness, skill, and strategy. Although a noncontact sport, overuse and impact injuries are common since players engage in a wide range of physical activities, including running, throwing, batting, bowling, catching, and diving. Significant or match time-loss injuries are defined as those that either prevent a player from being fully available for selection in a major match, or during a major match, cause a player to be unable to bat, bowl, or keep wicket when required by either the rules or the team’s captain. This review describes the various region-wise injuries sustained in cricket along with their epidemiology, biomechanics, treatment, and prevention. Evidence Acquisition: Data were collected from peer-reviewed articles (obtained via PubMed search) published through November 2016 that involved the medical, biomechanical, and epidemiological aspects of cricket injuries. Study Design: Clinical review. Level of Evidence: Level 4. Results: Cricket was one of the first sports to publish recommended methods for injury surveillance in 2005 from England, South Africa, Australia, the West Indies, and India. While the incidence of injuries is about the same, the prevalence of injuries has increased due to game format changes, increasing number of matches played, and decreased rest between matches. Bowling (41.3%), fielding, and wicket keeping (28.6%) account for most injuries. Acute injuries are most common (64%-76%), followed by acute-on-chronic (16%-22.8%) and chronic ones (8%-22%). The most common modern-day cricket injury is hamstring strain, and the most severe is lumbar stress fracture in young fast bowlers. Conclusion: With improved understanding of the scientific and medical aspects of cricket, along with advances in surgical and nonsurgical treatment techniques, the time to return to play has shortened considerably. While the prevalence of cricket injuries has increased, their severity has decreased over the past decades.

scholarly journals Improvements in Match-Related Physical Performance of Professional Soccer Players After the Application of an on-Field Training Program for Hamstring Injury Rehabilitation

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (8) ◽  
pp. 1145-1150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Jiménez-Rubio ◽  
Archit Navandar ◽  
Jesús Rivilla-García ◽  
Víctor Paredes-Hernández ◽  
Miguel-Ángel Gómez-Ruano
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Return To Play ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Hamstring Injury ◽  
Performance Parameters ◽  
Field Training ◽  
Hamstring Strain ◽  
Professional Soccer

Context: Although there are multiple, validated return-to-play programs following hamstring strain injuries, no studies have evaluated their changes in match performance parameters. Objectives: The aim of this study was twofold as follows: (1) to determine the changes in match-based physical performance parameters in professional soccer players before and after sustaining a hamstring strain injury and undergoing a soccer-specific rehabilitation program and (2) to observe the progress of these performance parameters 6 to 10 weeks after the player returned from injury. Design: Prospective, quasi-experimental longitudinal study. Setting: Soccer playing and training grounds. Participants: Nineteen players suffering a hamstring strain injury from 2 male professional teams playing in the Spanish professional football league (La Liga) were followed during the 2015–2016, 2016–2017, and 2017–2018 seasons. Intervention: Participation in on-field training program following a hamstring injury. Main Outcome Measures: Match global positioning system data were collected in the following stages: prior to injury (PRE), after return to play (RTP), program, and 6 to 10 weeks following RTP (C2). Peak velocities and distances ran at sprint velocities showed most likely improvements in C2 versus PRE, and very likely improvements in RTP versus PRE. Results: The distances ran at high and very high intensities, the average velocity, and work-to-rest ratio showed very likely improvements in C2 versus RTP and likely improvements in RTP versus PRE. Likely improvements were observed for all variables in C2 versus RTP. The authors’ results showed an improvement of physical performance during competitive match after RTP, compared with PRE. There was a steady progression in the progress, and in 8 months following RTP, there was no injury reported in the players. Conclusions: The current findings may indicate that the hamstring muscle complex not only recovered completely from the injury but could also withstand a greater training and match load reducing the risk of reinjury.

Criteria for Progressing Rehabilitation and Determining Return-to-Play Clearance Following Hamstring Strain Injury: A Systematic Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
pp. 1375-1387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack T. Hickey ◽  
Ryan G. Timmins ◽  
Nirav Maniar ◽  
Morgan D. Williams ◽  
David A. Opar
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Return To Play ◽  
Hamstring Strain

scholarly journals Validity of an On-Field Readaptation Program Following a Hamstring Injury in Professional Soccer

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Jiménez-Rubio ◽  
Archit Navandar ◽  
Jesús Rivilla-García ◽  
Victor Paredes-Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Neuromuscular Control ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Return To Play ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Hamstring Injury ◽  
Strength And Conditioning ◽  
Hamstring Strain ◽  
Professional Soccer ◽  
Hamstring Injuries

Context: Despite the presence of various injury prevention programs, the rate of hamstring injuries and reinjuries is increasing in soccer, warranting the need for a soccer-specific rehabilitation program. Objective: To develop and validate a new, functional on-field program for the rehabilitation and readaptation of soccer players after a hamstring strain injury through a panel of experts; and determine the usefulness of the program through its application in professional soccer players. Design: A 13-item program was developed, which was validated by a panel of experts and later applied to professional soccer players. Setting: Soccer training ground. Participants: Fifteen strength and conditioning and rehabilitation fitness coaches with a professional experience of 15.40 (1.57) years in elite clubs and national teams in Europe validated the program. The program was later applied to 19 professional soccer players of the Spanish First Division (La Liga). Interventions: Once a player sustained a clinically diagnosed injury, the player would first be subject to mobilization and strengthening exercises in the gym after undergoing treatment by percutaneous needle electrolysis. The player would then complete an on-field readaptation program consisting of 13 drills arranged in a progressive manner in terms of complexity. The drills integrated various aspects of repeated sprint abilities, retraining and reeducation of biomechanical patterns, and neuromuscular control of the core and lower limbs. Main Outcome Measures: Aiken’s V for each item of the program and number of days taken by the players to return to play. Results: The experts evaluated all items of the program very highly, as seen from Aiken’s V values between 0.78 and 0.98 (0.63–0.99) for all drills, while the return to play was in 22.42 (2.32) days. Conclusion: This program has the potential to help a player suffering from a hamstring strain injury to adapt to real-match conditions in the readaptation phase through the application of sports-specific drills that were very similar to the different injury mechanisms.

Return to Play After a Hamstring Strain Injury: It is Time to Consider Natural Healing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dries Pieters ◽  
Evi Wezenbeek ◽  
Joke Schuermans ◽  
Erik Witvrouw
Keyword(s):  
Return To Play ◽  
Hamstring Strain ◽  
Natural Healing

scholarly journals Development of a Novel Nordic Hamstring Exercise Device to Measure and Modify the Knee Flexors' Torque-Length Relationship

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Sconce ◽  
Ben Heller ◽  
Tom Maden-Wilkinson ◽  
Nick Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Angular Velocity ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Return To Play ◽  
Training Intervention ◽  
Hamstring Strain ◽  
Novel Device ◽  
Length Relationship ◽  
Knee Flexors ◽  
Torque Angle

The Nordic hamstring exercise (NHE) has been shown to reduce hamstring injury risk when employed in training programs. This study investigates a novel device to modify the NHE torque-length relationship of the knee flexors, as targeting the hamstrings at a more extended length may have benefits for hamstring strain injury prevention and rehabilitation. Eighteen recreational male participants completed three bilateral NHE repetitions at a conventional 0° flat position, a 10° incline, and a 10° decline slope on a novel device (HALHAM°). Measures of peak torque and break-torque angle explored the effect of inclination on the knee flexors' length-tension relationship. Relative thigh-to-trunk angle and angular velocity of the knee joint were used to assess influence of inclination on technique and exercise quality. Break-torque angle increased when performed at an incline (134.1 ± 8.6°) compared to both the decline (112.1 ± 8.3°, p &lt;0.0001, g = 2.599) and standard flat NHE positions (126.0 ± 9.8°, p = 0.0002, g = 0.885). Despite this, altering inclination did not affect eccentric knee flexor peak torque (decline = 132.0 ± 63.1 Nm, flat = 149.7 ± 70.1 Nm, incline = 148.9 ± 64.9 Nm, F = 0.952, p = 0.389), angular velocity of the knee joint at break-torque angle (decline = 23.8 ± 14.4°, flat = 29.2 ± 22.6°, incline = 24.5 ± 22.6°, F = 0.880, p = 0.418) or relative thigh-to-trunk angle at break-torque angle (decline = 20.4 ± 10.4°, flat = 16.7 ± 10.8°, incline = 20.2 ± 11.2°, F = 1.597, p = 0.207). The report recommends the use of arbitrary metrics such as break-torque angle that can be replicated practically in the field by practitioners to assess proxy muscle length changes i.e., the angular range over which the torque can be produced. Inclination of the Nordic hamstring exercise leads to hamstring muscle failure at longer muscle lengths without reductions in the maximal force exuded by the muscle. Therefore, the NHE performed on an incline may be a more effective training intervention, specific to the proposed mechanism of hamstring strain injury during sprinting that occurs whilst the muscle is rapidly lengthening. Using a graded training intervention through the inclinations could aid gradual return-to-play rehabilitation.

scholarly journals Preventing the seemingly unpreventable – challenging the return-to-play criteria for recurrent hamstring strain prevention

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
N Craddock ◽  
K Buchholtz
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Return To Play ◽  
Muscle Action ◽  
Exercise Protocol ◽  
Muscle Strengthening ◽  
Previous Injury ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Hamstring Strain ◽  
Hamstring Injuries ◽  
Hamstring Muscles

   Background: Hamstring strains are one of the most common injuries in sport. Previous injury has been found to be one of the greatest risk factors associated with recurrent hamstring strains. Although rehabilitation programmes have been developed and implemented to aid safe and efficient return-to-play, the incidence of hamstring injuries has not decreased.  Discussion: As hamstring strains most commonly occur during the eccentric phase of muscle action, rehabilitation should focus on eccentric muscle strengthening. The L-protocol and the Nordic Hamstring Exercise protocol strengthen the hamstring muscles eccentrically. They have been found to be effective in decreasing the incidence of new hamstring strains as well as the rate of recurrence. This commentary therefore aims to suggest changes to the return-to-play criteria following hamstring strains to prevent the seemingly unpreventable.

Hamstring strain injury – Structural and functional considerations for prevention, rehabilitation and return to play

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. e2
Author(s):  
Anthony Shield ◽  
David Opar ◽  
Ryan Timmins ◽  
Matthew Bourne
Keyword(s):  
Return To Play ◽  
Hamstring Strain
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document