INVESTIGATING THE IMPACT OF NETWORK SIZE ON LANMAR ROUTING PROTOCOL IN A MULTI-HOP AD HOC NETWORK

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
ANVESHINI DUMALA ◽  
S. PALLAMSETTY ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Network Size ◽  
The Impact

Research and Improvement of Clustering Routing Algorithm in Ad Hoc Network

2013 ◽  
Vol 834-836 ◽  
pp. 1087-1090
Author(s):  
Ping Zong ◽  
Jun Qin
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Ant Colony Algorithm ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Routing Algorithm ◽  
Routing Overhead ◽  
End To End Delay ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Network Scalability

With the expansion of the network, especially in the case of the nodes frequently moving, clustering routing protocol can reduce the impact of the changed topology on routing protocols, and improve the network scalability and reduce routing overhead. Based on the analysis of the problems of CBRP clustering routing protocol, this paper presents a CRBAC clustering routing algorithm based on ant colony algorithm. The simulation results show that, in the circumstance that the algorithm doesnt significantly increase the routing overhead, improved clustering routing protocol CRBAC get better performance than CBRP. They reflect on the clusters structure more reasonable and stable, the average end-to-end delay and network lifetime significantly improved.

scholarly journals Impact of Direction Parameter in Performance of Modified AODV in VANET

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afsana Ahamed ◽  
Hamid Vakilzadian
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Packet Loss ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
End To End Delay ◽  
Distance Vector ◽  
End To End ◽  
Route Request ◽  
The Impact

A vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) is a technology in which moving cars are used as routers (nodes) to establish a reliable mobile communication network among the vehicles. Some of the drawbacks of the routing protocol, Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV), associated with VANETs are the end-to-end delay and packet loss. We modified the AODV routing protocols to reduce the number of route request (RREQ) and route reply (RREP) messages by adding direction parameters and two-step filtering. The two-step filtering process reduces the number of RREQ and RREP packets, reduces the packet overhead, and helps to select the stable route. In this study, we show the impact of the direction parameter in reducing the end-to-end delay and the packet loss in AODV. The simulation results show a 1.4% reduction in packet loss, an 11% reduction in the end-to-end delay, and an increase in throughput.

scholarly journals Simulation Analysis of Ad-Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector Routing Protocol Performance in Mobile Ad Hoc Network Using Taguchi Design Approach

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hazura Mohameda ◽  
Muhammad Hisyam Lee ◽  
Mazalan Sarahintub ◽  
Shaharuddin Salleh ◽  
Bahrom Sanugi
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Network Size ◽  
Taguchi Design ◽  
Transmission Range ◽  
Routing Overhead ◽  
Protocol Performance ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc

Mobile ad-hoc network routing protocol performance is evaluated mostly through simulative studies. One-factor-at-atime approach is commonly used to quantify the effect of various factors on the protocol performance. In this work, the effect of several factors was investigated simultaneously and speedily with the application of Taguchi design of experiments. The effect of the factors which include terrain size, node speed, network size, transmission range, transmission rates, pause time, and maximum connection on routing overhead was quantified. Analysis signal-to-noise ratio was performed to determine the best possible combination of factors and analysis of variance (ANOVA) was carried out to identify the significant factors that affect the routing overhead. The results showed that network size, transmission range and maximum connection play a significant role in minimizing routing overhead. The results were confirmed experimentally at 95% confidence interval.

scholarly journals Improvement of Performance Metrics and Security of AODV Routing Protocol using Central Dogma of Molecular Biology Based DNA Cryptography

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 2613-2620
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Central Dogma ◽  
Wormhole Attack ◽  
Dna Cryptography ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Aodv Routing Protocol

Mobile ad hoc network is appealing mechanization in many applications, including disaster recovery and communication systems and rescue due to the flexibility offered by the diverse network. An equivalent network, although it has been found that legitimate can operate independently, or may link to the wider Internet. A framework has been introduced in recent years operators and attackers, have used this network environment. Mobile Ad hoc Network is the main concern about dynamic routing access. Mobile ad hoc network provides several well-known protocols for routing responsive like DSR, AODV, TORA, etc. AODV can route both unicast and multicast. AODV routing protocol cannot protect against a wormhole attack. In this paper, we implement a technique of pseudo-DNA cryptography, focused on the molecular biology’s central dogma. In this approach, we simulate the central dogma's transcription and translation process, and even some extra features to make it difficult to crack the resulting ciphertext and defense against wormhole attack. In the sense of ratio for packet drop, throughput and the delay between two nodes we also examine the impact of the wormhole attack on a parameter of ad hoc network.

Malicious Route Detection in Vehicular Ad-hoc Network using Geographic Routing with Masked Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-325
Author(s):  
Saravanan Palani ◽  
Logesh Ravi ◽  
Vijayakumar Varadarajan ◽  
Subramaniyaswamy Vairavasundaram ◽  
Xiao-Zhi Gao
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Geographic Routing ◽  
Network Size ◽  
Packet Delivery Ratio ◽  
Binary Codes ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Packet Delivery ◽  
Geographic Routing Protocol

Background: Vehicular Ad-hoc Network is the subset of Mobile Ad-hoc Network, Intelligent Transport System and Internet of Things. The acting nodes in VANET are the vehicles on the road at any moment. Objective: The anonymity character of these vehicles is opening the opportunity for malicious attacks. Malicious routes increase the data retransmission and hence, the performance of routing will be degraded. The main objective this work is to identify the malicious routes, avoid the data transmission using these routes and increase the packet delivery ratio. Methods: In the proposed system called Geographic Routing Protocol with Masked data, two binary- codes called mask and share have been generated to identify the malicious route. The original data is encoded using these binary-codes and routed to the destination using the geographic routing protocol. It is reconstructed at the destination node and based on the encoding technique the malicious routes and malicious nodes are identified. Simulations were conducted with varying speed and varying network size in 20 km2 geographical area. Results: The average packet delivery ratio with varying speed is 0.817 and with varying networksize is 0.733. Conclusion: The proposed geographical routing protocol with masked data technique outperforms than traditional geographic protocol and Detection of Malicious Node protocol, by 0.102 and 0.264 respectively with different speeds and by 0.065 and 0.1616 respectively with different network size.

scholarly journals Impact of routing protocol on performance of wireless ad hoc vehicular network

2012 ◽  
pp. 220-227
Author(s):  
v. p. patil ◽  
b. p. saoji
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Wireless Lan ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Vehicular Network ◽  
Hybrid Network ◽  
Road Traffic Safety ◽  
The Impact

Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET) is an emerging new technology integrating ad hoc network, wireless LAN (WLAN) and cellular technology to achieve intelligent inter-vehicle communications and improve road traffic safety and efficiency. VANETs are distinguished from other kinds of ad hoc networks by their hybrid network architectures, node movement characteristics, and new application scenarios. Therefore, VANETs pose many unique networking research challenges, and the design of an efficient routing protocol for VANETs is very crucial. In this paper, we discuss the impact of routing protocol on performance of wireless ad hoc vehicular network along with recent routing protocols. Ad hoc network characteristics are explained in brief. We propose a routing framework based on the enhanced cooperation between the medium access layer and network layers. An algorithm is discussed which takes onto account position, direction and speed of vehicles .Then this concept is applied to reactive routing protocol and introduced preliminary simulation results using ns-2.It is observed that network performance gets improved .

scholarly journals Performance Investigation of Routing Protocol with the velocity of 30 m/s for Random Mobility Model

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajay Kumar Vyas ◽  
Margam Suthar
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Wireless Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Mobile Environment ◽  
Protocol Performance ◽  
Energy Limitation ◽  
The Impact

Abstract A mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) is a network of mobile nodes short of Infrastructure, linked by wireless links. While mobility is the key feature of MANETs, the frequent movement of nodes may lead to link failure. A mobile multi-hop wireless ad hoc network carries a dynamic structure feature, and each node has mobility; due to this, the network has altered topology change dynamically. Developing the wireless ad hoc network protocol is the major challenge because, compared to the wired routing node, all node is mobile, energy limitation, the node's physical location, and multicast routing. In this article, a comparative investigation of routing protocol performance for large wireless ad hoc networks (100 nodes) under the impact of the random mobile environment with the velocity of 30 m/sec for 1800 seconds with ten different results for each node-set. The comparative analysis includes packet delivery ratio, throughput, packet dropping ratio, routing overhead, and end-to-end delay quality of service (QoS) metrics. It concludes that Ad-hoc On-demand Distance Vector protocol performance is more stable as the number of nodes & traffic increase in the random mobility environment.

scholarly journals Analisis Kinerja Protokol Routing AOMDV pada VANET dengan Serangan Rushing

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 232 ◽  
Author(s):  
RATNASIH RATNASIH ◽  
RISKI MUKTIARTO NUGROHO AJINEGORO ◽  
DOAN PERDANA
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Mobile Network ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Distance Vector ◽  
Short Time ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRAKVehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) adalah salah satu jaringan mobile Ad Hocyang memiliki mobilitas tinggi serta topologi yang berubah – ubah secara konstan dalam waktu yang singkat. Sistem broadcast yang diterapkan padaVANET ketika pembentukan arsitektur infrastruktur bisa dijadikan peluang bagi penyerang node untuk melakukan serangan terhadap routing protocol. Rushing Attack adalah sebuah serangan jaringan dimana serangan ini melakukan duplikasi secara cepat dengan transmisi yang lebih tinggi untuk mengacaukan jaringan dan mendapatkan forward akses yang lebih dibandingkan dengan node yang lain. Sasaran utama dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengukur dampak dari serangan Rushing pada protocol routing AOMDV (Adhoc on Demand Multipath Distance Vector) menggunakan software NS-2. Nilai QoS yang didapatkan pada hasil penelitian ini tidak maksimal, karena attacker mengirimkan rushed routing packets (RREQ or RREP) yang mempengaruhi routing tabel eksisting dan mengacaukan proses pengiriman paket.Kata kunci: VANET, Rushing Attack, AOMDV, NS-2  ABSTRACTVehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) is kind of an Ad-Hoc mobile network thathave high mobility and with changing topology constantly in a short time. The broadcast system that applied to the infrastructure architecture formation when VANET can be used as opportunities for penyerang nodes to perform attacks on the routing protocol. Rushing Attack is an attack on the network that the attacks quickly duplicating with higher transmission to disrupt the network and getting forward more access than the other node. The main target of this project is to measure how big the impact of the rushing attack on AOMDV(Adhoc on Demand Multipath Distance Vector) routing protocol using NS-2 software. On this project did not gets the maximum value for QoS because the attacker sent rushed routing packets (RREQ or RREP) that affect the routing table and disturb the delivery package.Keywords: VANET, Rushing Attack, AOMDV, NS-2

A Survey Study on Attacks in MANET Ad-Hoc Network

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 387
Author(s):  
. Harpal ◽  
Gaurav Tejpal ◽  
Sonal Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Short Article ◽  
The People ◽  
Distance Vector ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc ◽  
Real World Problems

In this time of instant units, Mobile Ad-hoc Network(MANET) has become an indivisible part for transmission for mobile devices. Therefore, curiosity about study of Mobile Ad-hoc Network has been growing because last several years. In this report we have mentioned some simple routing protocols in MANET like Destination Sequenced Distance Vector, Active Source Redirecting, Temporally-Ordered Redirecting Algorithm and Ad-hoc On Need Distance Vector. Protection is just a serious problem in MANETs because they are infrastructure-less and autonomous. Principal target of writing this report is to handle some simple problems and security considerations in MANET, operation of wormhole strike and acquiring the well-known routing protocol Ad-hoc On Need Distance Vector. This short article will be a great help for the people performing study on real world problems in MANET security.

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