Biological and Reproductive Indices of Mystus bleekeri (Day, 1877) in Open Water Body (Dekhar Haor) of Bangladesh

Abstract Trends of decreasing pan evaporation around the world have renewed interest in evaporation and its behavior in a warming world. Observed pan evaporation around Australia has been modeled to attribute changes in its constituent variables. It is found that wind speed decreases have generally led to decreases in pan evaporation. Trends were also calculated from reanalysis and general circulation model (GCM) outputs. The reanalysis reflected the general pattern and magnitude of the observed station trends across Australia. However, unlike the station trends, the reanalysis trends are mainly driven by vapor pressure deficit changes than wind speed changes. Some of the GCMs modeled the trends well, but most showed an average positive trend for Australia. Half the GCMs analyzed show increasing wind speed trends, and most show larger changes in vapor pressure deficit than would be expected based on the station data. Future changes to open water body evaporation have also been assessed using projections for two emission scenarios. Averaged across Australia, the models show a 5% increase in open water body evaporation by 2070 compared to 1990 levels. There is considerable variability in the model projections, particularly for the aerodynamic component of evaporation. Assumptions of increases in evaporation in a warming world need to be considered in light of the variability in the parameters that affect evaporation.

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Effects of Water Level Fluctuation on Waterbirds Distribution and Aquatic Vegetation Composition at Natural Wetland Reserve, Peninsular Malaysia

ISRN Ecology ◽

10.5402/2011/324038 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2011 ◽

pp. 1-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Muhammad Nawaz Rajpar ◽

Mohamed Zakaria

Keyword(s):

Water Level ◽

Water Body ◽

Aquatic Vegetation ◽

Open Water ◽

Peninsular Malaysia ◽

Water Level Fluctuations ◽

Sampling Point ◽

Vegetation Composition ◽

Natural Wetland ◽

Open Water Body

The effects of water level fluctuations on waterbirds distribution and aquatic vegetation composition was determined using distance sampling point count method and direct visual observation at Paya Indah Natural Wetland Reserve, Peninsular Malaysia. A total of 2563 waterbird individual of 28 species and 8 families were detected in three habitats, that is, marsh swamp (68.59%), open water body (18.42%), and lotus swamp (12.99%). Porphyrio porphyrio was the most dominant species in marsh swamp (45.39%), and lotus swamp (23.42%), whereas Dendrocygna javanica (42.16%) was the most abundant in open water body. The highest water level for marsh swamp (2.313 m) and lotus swamp (2.249 m) was recorded in January, 2008 and for open water body (2.572 m) in January and April, 2008. In contrast, the lowest water level for marsh swamp (2.048 m) and lotus swamp (1.834 m) was determined in October, 2008 and for open water body (2.398 m) in January, 2009. Pearson test indicates weak linear correlationship between water level and waterbird abundance in lotus swamp habitat (r2=0.120,P>0.05) and in marsh swamp (r2=0.100,P>0.05) and negative linear correlationship (r2=−0.710,P>0.05) in open water body habitat. Canonical correspondence analysis indicated strong correlationship between waterbird abundance and vegetation (73.0%) in open water body, and weaker association (29.8%) in lotus swamp. The results of this study indicate that water level is a major factor that influences the relative abundance and distribution of ducks, swamphen, crakes, herons, jacanas, and moorhens directly and indirectly. In addition, it also effects on the dynamics of aquatic vegetation composition such as, emergent, submerged, and grasses in this wetland reserve.

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Willingness to Pay for Urban Water Body Recreational Facilities: A Case Study at Diyatha Uyana

10.20944/preprints201801.0279.v1 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Rangajeewa Ratnayake ◽

Prem Wattege ◽

Naduni Wickramaarachchi

Keyword(s):

Sri Lanka ◽

Willingness To Pay ◽

Contingent Valuation ◽

Water Body ◽

Contingent Valuation Method ◽

Open Water ◽

Community Perception ◽

Valuation Method ◽

Clean Air ◽

Open Water Body

Revitalization of open water bodies into recreational areas are becoming widely popular in many parts of Sri Lanka. Understanding community perception and expectation on recreational development have important policy and cost-effectiveness implications. This paper explores the public perspectives on development, conservation and value of the open water recreational development at Diyatha Uyana and surrounding area. Contingent Valuation Method has been applied to estimate peoples’ Willingness To Pay for recreational spaces in the selected area. A total of 300 residents from different socioeconomic backgrounds were selected randomly for the study. Enjoying peace and relaxation, taking children to play and breath clean air were mentioned as most important aspects of open water body areas. More frequent visits occur to enjoy peace and relaxation, breath clean air and enjoy the natural landscape. Almost all the participants were agreed upon conserving open water body areas in urban settings. Willingness to pay was significantly associated with income and occupation status. It yielded a monthly average payment of Rs.446.93 per household for another five years’ time. The limited budget was the main reason for not willing to pay. This paper is significant as there is no contingent valuation method study has been carried on water body development in Sri Lanka.

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Bird Species Abundance and Their Correlationship with Microclimate and Habitat Variables at Natural Wetland Reserve, Peninsular Malaysia

International Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1155/2011/758573 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2011 ◽

pp. 1-17 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Muhammad Nawaz Rajpar ◽

Mohamed Zakaria

Keyword(s):

Water Body ◽

Species Abundance ◽

Bird Species ◽

Open Water ◽

Peninsular Malaysia ◽

Habitat Characteristics ◽

Freshwater Wetland ◽

Sampling Point ◽

Open Water Body ◽

Habitat Variables

Birds are the most conspicuous and significant component of freshwater wetland ecosystem. Presence or absence of birds may indicate the ecological conditions of the wetland area. The objectives of this study were to determine bird species abundance and their relationship with microclimate and habitat variables. Distance sampling point count method was applied for determining species abundance and multiple regressions was used for finding relationship between bird species abundance, microclimate and habitat variables. Bird species were monitored during November, 2007 to January, 2009. A total of 8728 individual birds comprising 89 species and 38 families were detected. Marsh Swamp was swarmed by 84 species (69.8%) followed open water body by 55 species (17.7%) and lotus swamp by 57 species (12.6%). Purple swamphenPorphyrio porphyrio(9.1% of all detections) was the most abundant bird species of marsh swamp, lesser whistling duck—Dendrocygna javanica(2.3%) was dominant species of open water body and pink-necked green pigeon—Treron vernans(1.7%) was most common species of lotus swamp. Results revealed that the habitat characteristics such as vegetation composition (i.e. emergent and submerged vegetations, grasses, shrubs, and trees), vegetation structures (tree diameter and height) and microclimate variables (temperature, relative humidity and light intensity) were the key factors that influenced the distribution, diversity and density of the wetland bird species. This study also revealed that the wetland bird species have adapted a fairly unique set of microhabitat and microclimate conditions.

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Colonization pattern of submerged weeds community in open water body

Journal of Weed Science and Technology ◽

10.3719/weed.46.supplement_184 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 46 (Supplement) ◽

pp. 184-185

Author(s):

S. Kajiki ◽

Y. Oki ◽

Y. Nakashima

Keyword(s):

Water Body ◽

Open Water ◽

Colonization Pattern ◽

Open Water Body

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Holocene fire and occupation in Amazonia: records from two lake districts

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences ◽

10.1098/rstb.2006.1980 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 362 (1478) ◽

pp. 209-218 ◽

Cited By ~ 102

Author(s):

Mark B Bush ◽

Miles R Silman ◽

Mauro B de Toledo ◽

Claudia Listopad ◽

William D Gosling ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Water Body ◽

Large Scale ◽

Human Impacts ◽

Open Water ◽

Human Occupation ◽

Terra Firme ◽

Ecological Disturbance ◽

Human Land Use ◽

Open Water Body

While large-scale pre-Columbian human occupation and ecological disturbance have been demonstrated close to major Amazonian waterways, less is known of sites in terra firme settings. Palaeoecological analyses of two lake districts in central and western Amazonia reveal long histories of occupation and land use. At both locations, human activity was centred on one of the lakes, while the others were either lightly used or unused. These analyses indicate that the scale of human impacts in these terra firme settings is localized and probably strongly influenced by the presence of a permanent open-water body. Evidence is found of forest clearance and cultivation of maize and manioc. These data are directly relevant to the resilience of Amazonian conservation, as they do not support the contention that all of Amazonia is a ‘built landscape’ and therefore a product of past human land use.

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Ecological and geographical variations in the siphonal index of Culex pipiens larvae (Diptera: Culicidae)

Bulletin of Entomological Research ◽

10.1017/s0007485300052573 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 86 (3) ◽

pp. 281-287 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

E.B. Vinogradova ◽

S.Ya. Reznik ◽

E.S. Kuprijanova

Keyword(s):

Water Body ◽

Culex Pipiens ◽

Open Water ◽

Published Data ◽

Strongly Correlated ◽

Reproductive Diapause ◽

Body Type ◽

Underground Waters ◽

Geographical Variations ◽

The Mean

AbstractCulex pipiens Linnaeus is represented by two forms: the form molestus which is autogenous, stenagamous and has no reproductive diapause, and the form pipiens which is anautogenous, eurygamous and diapauses. The ecological, physiological and geographical variations in the larval siphonal index of C. pipiens (the ratio of the length of the siphon to its width at the base) was investigated using both original measurements and previously published data. In all, data were used from 259 collections from open water bodies (marshes, ditches, holes, barrels, etc.) and underground waters (house basements) in areas of Europe, Asia and part of Africa. Autogeny was studied in some cases by dissection of females. In C. pipiens the mean siphonal index was strongly correlated with ecology (water body type) and adult physiology (autogeny). In spite of high geographical and individual variation, which makes the identification of individual larvae difficult, the mean siphonal index can be used with certainty for the differentiation of populations of the two forms of C. pipiens.

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Differentiated macrophyte types as a habitat for rotifers in small mid-forest water bodies

Biologia ◽

10.2478/s11756-009-0178-4 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 64 (6) ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Anna Basińska ◽

Natalia Kuczyńska-Kippen

Keyword(s):

Water Body ◽

Catchment Area ◽

Trophic State ◽

Positive Relationship ◽

Open Water ◽

Physical Chemical ◽

Rotifer Community ◽

Chemical Factors ◽

Rotifer Communities ◽

Eutrophic Species

AbstractThe rotifer community structure may be shaped by a variety of environmental factors, including biological parameters, such as predation or competition, as well as by physical-chemical factors, among which the kind of macrophyte substratum and parameters relating to the trophic state and to the catchment area conditions are of great importance. Another impact on rotifer composition, abundance and frequency may be expected when considering differentiated macrophyte types (including helophytes, nymphaeids and elodeids) within a group of eight ponds located within a mid-forest catchment area, which was the main aim of the present study. Detailed analysis on the participation of indicator eutrophic rotifer species provided an additional goal of this investigation in order to qualify the trophic state of this kind of water body located within the Wielkopolska region, in the central western part of Poland.The presence of 117 taxa, including 7 species that are rare or infrequently distributed in the Polish fauna was recorded. The number of taxa and rotifer abundance differed greatly in respect to the specific water body and to the type of substratum. The vegetated zones dominated by elodeids were characterised by the most various and most abundant rotifer communities as well as by the highest values of the Shannon-Weaver index. This reflects a positive relationship between the heterogeneity of habitat and the structure of rotifer communities. It was also found that helophytes and the open water zone possessed the highest, while elodeids the lowest percentage of eutrophic species.

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Lake Sediment Microbial Fuel Cell Generate Electricity and Power Wireless Sensor

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.773.74 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 773 ◽

pp. 74-79

Author(s):

Tao Yin ◽

Xiao Min Cai ◽

Lin Su ◽

Ling Wang ◽

Fei Rong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Microbial Fuel Cells ◽

Output Voltage ◽

Open Water ◽

Power Source ◽

Open Circuit ◽

Wireless Sensor ◽

In Series ◽

Power Management System ◽

Sustainable Power ◽

Open Water Body

Sediment microbial fuel cells (SMFCs) can generate electricity without maintenance in the field. SMFC is considered as an alternative renewable and sustainable power source. Though the SMFC is very appealing energy source, it presents certain challenges for real applications. Its output voltage and current are very low and its output voltage cant be increased by stacking several SMFCs in series in an open water body such as the lake. In this research, we construct and simulate a field SMFC with sediment from Xuanwu Lake in Nanjing, China. Open-circuit voltage of the SMFC is 750 mV and the maximal power density is 7.8 mW/m2. A custom-designed power management system (PMS) is developed to harvest energy from SMFC and boost the output power that can drive a wireless sensor. With the PMS, wireless sensor can utilize the harvested energy from SMFC and transmit data to computer without additional power source.

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