scholarly journals Bird Species Abundance and Their Correlationship with Microclimate and Habitat Variables at Natural Wetland Reserve, Peninsular Malaysia

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Nawaz Rajpar ◽  
Mohamed Zakaria
Keyword(s):  
Water Body ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Habitat Characteristics ◽  
Freshwater Wetland ◽  
Sampling Point ◽  
Open Water Body ◽  
Habitat Variables

Birds are the most conspicuous and significant component of freshwater wetland ecosystem. Presence or absence of birds may indicate the ecological conditions of the wetland area. The objectives of this study were to determine bird species abundance and their relationship with microclimate and habitat variables. Distance sampling point count method was applied for determining species abundance and multiple regressions was used for finding relationship between bird species abundance, microclimate and habitat variables. Bird species were monitored during November, 2007 to January, 2009. A total of 8728 individual birds comprising 89 species and 38 families were detected. Marsh Swamp was swarmed by 84 species (69.8%) followed open water body by 55 species (17.7%) and lotus swamp by 57 species (12.6%). Purple swamphenPorphyrio porphyrio(9.1% of all detections) was the most abundant bird species of marsh swamp, lesser whistling duck—Dendrocygna javanica(2.3%) was dominant species of open water body and pink-necked green pigeon—Treron vernans(1.7%) was most common species of lotus swamp. Results revealed that the habitat characteristics such as vegetation composition (i.e. emergent and submerged vegetations, grasses, shrubs, and trees), vegetation structures (tree diameter and height) and microclimate variables (temperature, relative humidity and light intensity) were the key factors that influenced the distribution, diversity and density of the wetland bird species. This study also revealed that the wetland bird species have adapted a fairly unique set of microhabitat and microclimate conditions.

scholarly journals Effects of Water Level Fluctuation on Waterbirds Distribution and Aquatic Vegetation Composition at Natural Wetland Reserve, Peninsular Malaysia

ISRN Ecology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Nawaz Rajpar ◽  
Mohamed Zakaria
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Aquatic Vegetation ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Water Level Fluctuations ◽  
Sampling Point ◽  
Vegetation Composition ◽  
Natural Wetland ◽  
Open Water Body

The effects of water level fluctuations on waterbirds distribution and aquatic vegetation composition was determined using distance sampling point count method and direct visual observation at Paya Indah Natural Wetland Reserve, Peninsular Malaysia. A total of 2563 waterbird individual of 28 species and 8 families were detected in three habitats, that is, marsh swamp (68.59%), open water body (18.42%), and lotus swamp (12.99%). Porphyrio porphyrio was the most dominant species in marsh swamp (45.39%), and lotus swamp (23.42%), whereas Dendrocygna javanica (42.16%) was the most abundant in open water body. The highest water level for marsh swamp (2.313 m) and lotus swamp (2.249 m) was recorded in January, 2008 and for open water body (2.572 m) in January and April, 2008. In contrast, the lowest water level for marsh swamp (2.048 m) and lotus swamp (1.834 m) was determined in October, 2008 and for open water body (2.398 m) in January, 2009. Pearson test indicates weak linear correlationship between water level and waterbird abundance in lotus swamp habitat (r2=0.120,P>0.05) and in marsh swamp (r2=0.100,P>0.05) and negative linear correlationship (r2=−0.710,P>0.05) in open water body habitat. Canonical correspondence analysis indicated strong correlationship between waterbird abundance and vegetation (73.0%) in open water body, and weaker association (29.8%) in lotus swamp. The results of this study indicate that water level is a major factor that influences the relative abundance and distribution of ducks, swamphen, crakes, herons, jacanas, and moorhens directly and indirectly. In addition, it also effects on the dynamics of aquatic vegetation composition such as, emergent, submerged, and grasses in this wetland reserve.

scholarly journals Biological and Reproductive Indices of Mystus bleekeri (Day, 1877) in Open Water Body (Dekhar Haor) of Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
Sabuj Mazumder ◽  
Mohammad Salam ◽  
Arifur Khan ◽  
Sarker Khalil ◽  
Tawheed Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Water Body ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Open Water Body ◽  
Reproductive Indices

scholarly journals A Comparison of Australian Open Water Body Evaporation Trends for Current and Future Climates Estimated from Class A Evaporation Pans and General Circulation Models

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona Johnson ◽  
Ashish Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Vapor Pressure ◽  
Water Body ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
Vapor Pressure Deficit ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Pan Evaporation ◽  
Warming World ◽  
Open Water Body

Abstract Trends of decreasing pan evaporation around the world have renewed interest in evaporation and its behavior in a warming world. Observed pan evaporation around Australia has been modeled to attribute changes in its constituent variables. It is found that wind speed decreases have generally led to decreases in pan evaporation. Trends were also calculated from reanalysis and general circulation model (GCM) outputs. The reanalysis reflected the general pattern and magnitude of the observed station trends across Australia. However, unlike the station trends, the reanalysis trends are mainly driven by vapor pressure deficit changes than wind speed changes. Some of the GCMs modeled the trends well, but most showed an average positive trend for Australia. Half the GCMs analyzed show increasing wind speed trends, and most show larger changes in vapor pressure deficit than would be expected based on the station data. Future changes to open water body evaporation have also been assessed using projections for two emission scenarios. Averaged across Australia, the models show a 5% increase in open water body evaporation by 2070 compared to 1990 levels. There is considerable variability in the model projections, particularly for the aerodynamic component of evaporation. Assumptions of increases in evaporation in a warming world need to be considered in light of the variability in the parameters that affect evaporation.

scholarly journals Willingness to Pay for Urban Water Body Recreational Facilities: A Case Study at Diyatha Uyana

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rangajeewa Ratnayake ◽  
Prem Wattege ◽  
Naduni Wickramaarachchi
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Contingent Valuation ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Contingent Valuation Method ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Community Perception ◽  
Valuation Method ◽  
Clean Air ◽  
Open Water Body

Revitalization of open water bodies into recreational areas are becoming widely popular in many parts of Sri Lanka. Understanding community perception and expectation on recreational development have important policy and cost-effectiveness implications. This paper explores the public perspectives on development, conservation and value of the open water recreational development at Diyatha Uyana and surrounding area. Contingent Valuation Method has been applied to estimate peoples’ Willingness To Pay for recreational spaces in the selected area. A total of 300 residents from different socioeconomic backgrounds were selected randomly for the study. Enjoying peace and relaxation, taking children to play and breath clean air were mentioned as most important aspects of open water body areas. More frequent visits occur to enjoy peace and relaxation, breath clean air and enjoy the natural landscape. Almost all the participants were agreed upon conserving open water body areas in urban settings. Willingness to pay was significantly associated with income and occupation status. It yielded a monthly average payment of Rs.446.93 per household for another five years’ time. The limited budget was the main reason for not willing to pay. This paper is significant as there is no contingent valuation method study has been carried on water body development in Sri Lanka.

scholarly journals Urbanization, Bird Species Richness And Abundance Within Ibadan Metropolis, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Festus Oluwatimileyin Adegbola ◽  
Taiye Adeniyi Adeyanju ◽  
Soladoye B. Iwajomo ◽  
Ibukunoluwa Augustine Ayodele
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Uniform Grid ◽  
Bird Species Richness ◽  
Software Application ◽  
Point Counts ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Habitat Variables

Urbanisation is considered as one of the most profound threat to wildlife, with habitat loss and fragmentation being predominant. This study assessed the impacts of urbanisation on richness, abundance of bird species within Ibadan metropolis, Nigeria. A uniform grid of 500 square meters was installed on the map of Ibadan Metropolis using QGIS to produce 499 grid points distributed across the five urban local governments. 100 grids were selected randomly, identified with mapinR software application and surveyed with 5 point counts within each gird, established at 200m interval to avoid double counting. Each point count was observed for 5 minutes using a pair of 8x42mm binoculars within a 50m radius. Habitat variables like number of buildings, trees, paved roads, communication masts were also recorded. A total number of 56 species of birds were observed at the end of the assessment, classified into 30 families. The test of statistics showed that there was no statistically significant difference in bird species richness between the Local Governments. The test of statistics showed that there was no statistically significant difference in bird species abundance between the local governments. The test of between-subjects effects revealed that there were no statistical significant effects when all the habitat variables were computed in the model on species richness. The number of paved roads and number of vehicles showed a significant effect on bird species abundance while others variables in the model did not exact statistically significant effects on bird species abundance. The study therefore concluded that habitat actions due to urbanisation have not affected the richness and abundance of birds species found in all the local governments. The only habitat variables that have currently exacted significant effect on species abundance within the metropolis are number of vehicles and paved roads.

scholarly journals Community composition and status of avifaunal diversity in and around Ottu reservoir of Sirsa, Haryana, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 593-606
Author(s):  
Deepak Rai ◽  
Vanita
Keyword(s):  
Species Abundance ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Columba Livia ◽  
Feeding Guilds ◽  
Line Transect ◽  
Sampling Point ◽  
Food Material ◽  
Point Count ◽  
Potential Habitat ◽  
Population Pattern

Assessments of avian communities’ composition in different habitats give an emphasis in monitoring environmental perspective. Depending on specific habitat functioning, their population pattern helps to determine the ecological health of an area. Bird surveys were accomplished on a fortnightly basis from October 2019 to September 2020 using Scan sampling, Point count and Line transect methods for evaluation of species abundance and richness in and around Ottu Reservoir, district Sirsa, Haryana (India). A total of 114 species comprising 91 genera, 47 families and 18 orders were recorded, among which 76 species were resident, 30 winter migrants and 8 summer migrants. Out of reported 114 species of birds, one species was vulnerable, 6 Near-threatened as listed by IUCN. Three bird species were listed under Schedule-I and the remaining species under Schedule-IV of IWPA (1972); six species under appendices of CITES (2012). Species such as Rock dove Columba livia, Lesser Whistling-duck Dendrocygna javanica and Common Sandpiper Actitis hypoleucos with decreasing IUCN population trends were reported abundantly in the study area. Analysis of feeding guilds results revealed that Carnivores as predominated guild due to enriched food material. The presence of diverse plantation, aquatic body, serenity and agricultural fields serve the reservoir as potential habitat for residential and migratory species. Therefore, effective measures must be taken for the conservation of this area as a potential site for avian diversity.

scholarly journals Colonization pattern of submerged weeds community in open water body

2001 ◽  
Vol 46 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. 184-185
Author(s):  
S. Kajiki ◽  
Y. Oki ◽  
Y. Nakashima
Keyword(s):  
Water Body ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Colonization Pattern ◽  
Open Water Body

scholarly journals Holocene fire and occupation in Amazonia: records from two lake districts

2007 ◽  
Vol 362 (1478) ◽  
pp. 209-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark B Bush ◽  
Miles R Silman ◽  
Mauro B de Toledo ◽  
Claudia Listopad ◽  
William D Gosling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Human Impacts ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Human Occupation ◽  
Terra Firme ◽  
Ecological Disturbance ◽  
Human Land Use ◽  
Open Water Body

While large-scale pre-Columbian human occupation and ecological disturbance have been demonstrated close to major Amazonian waterways, less is known of sites in terra firme settings. Palaeoecological analyses of two lake districts in central and western Amazonia reveal long histories of occupation and land use. At both locations, human activity was centred on one of the lakes, while the others were either lightly used or unused. These analyses indicate that the scale of human impacts in these terra firme settings is localized and probably strongly influenced by the presence of a permanent open-water body. Evidence is found of forest clearance and cultivation of maize and manioc. These data are directly relevant to the resilience of Amazonian conservation, as they do not support the contention that all of Amazonia is a ‘built landscape’ and therefore a product of past human land use.

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