scholarly journals "A definite feeling of antagonism": Rising Tensions over Clothing at the Featherston Prisoner-of-War Camp in World War Two

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristyn Harman
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Social History ◽  
Prisoners Of War ◽  
World War Two ◽  
World War ◽  
Prisoner Of War ◽  
The Social ◽  
Cultural Accommodation ◽  
History Of

This article utilises negotiations around the clothing issued to Japanese prisoners of war during World War Two as a lens through which to view aspects of the social history of the Featherston Camp. A particular focus is the prisoners’ objections to the requirement that they wear distinguishing khaki patches. Such objections went beyond being merely verbal, translating into physical interventions to modify their uniforms. The article demonstrates that tensions at the Camp continued well beyond the 1943 riot, and were not solely the province of the prisoners. Some attention is also given to New Zealand efforts at cultural accommodation and understanding.

The Elusive Search for Evidence: Evgenii Khaldei’s Budapest Ghetto, Images of Rape, and Soviet Holocaust Photography

Slavic Review ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-89
Author(s):  
David Shneer
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Social History ◽  
The State ◽  
World War ◽  
Soviet Jews ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of

I began studying Soviet photography in the early 2000s. To be more specific, I began studying Soviet photographers, most of whom had “Jewish” written on their internal passports, as I sought to understand how it was possible that a large number of photographers creating images of World War II were members of an ethnic group that was soon to be persecuted by the highest levels of the state. I ended up uncovering the social history of Soviet Jews and their relationship to photography, as I also explored how their training in the 1920s and 1930s shaped the photographs they took during World War II.

scholarly journals EXPLORING FRAMEWORKS FOR A HISTORY OF EARTH BUILDING IN AOTEAROA NEW ZEALAND

2020 ◽  
Vol XLIV-M-1-2020 ◽  
pp. 969-976
Author(s):  
M. Hall
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Standard Form ◽  
First Century ◽  
World War Two ◽  
World War ◽  
Structural Hierarchy ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
History Of ◽  
Detailed Record ◽  
Complete History

Abstract. Aotearoa New Zealand has a unique earth building heritage. For centuries, Māori used earth for floors and as a binder for fibrous walling materials. When settlers arrived in the nineteenth century, they brought earth building techniques with them, and in the early days of colonisation, earth buildings were commonplace. Many still survive, but as processed timber became readily available, building in earth declined; by the middle of the twentieth century it had almost ceased. Following renewed interest after World War Two, earth building continued into the twenty-first century, albeit as a non-standard form of construction. Databases compiled by Heritage New Zealand, Miles Allen, and the author, supplemented by accounts from a variety of sources, provide a relatively detailed record of earth buildings from all over Aotearoa but no cohesive history has yet been written. This paper considers possible approaches to writing such a history. Methodologies employed in local and international architectural histories are analysed, and a number of structural hierarchies are identified: for instance, Ronald Rael organises his material firstly by technique and then chronology in Earth Architecture, while Ted Howard uses location and then chronology for his Australasian history, Mud and Man. Information from New Zealand sources is then applied to these frameworks to arrive at an appropriate structural hierarchy for a complete history of earth building in Aotearoa.

Neo-Malthusians, Eugenists, and the Declining Birth-Rate in England, 1900-1918

1978 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 264-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Allen Soloway
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Birth Control ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Behavioral Characteristics ◽  
World War ◽  
Education Society ◽  
The Social ◽  
Birth Control Movement ◽  
History Of ◽  
Second World

Recent studies of the social history of birth control in America have noted the importance of eugenics in securing the acceptance of family planning between the two world wars. Similarly in England the endorsement of contraception as a method of “race improvement” by eugenists in the scientific, medical, academic and ecclesiastical communities greatly enhanced the credence and respectability of the birth control movement. In the anti-racist, genetically more sophisticated climate since the Second World War it is often forgotten how pervasive eugenic assumptions about human inheritance were in learned and socially elevated circles in the early twentieth century. Belief in the inheritability of myriad physical, psychological and behavioral characteristics, identifiable, even quantifiable, in particular ethnic groups and social classes was reinforced by expert scientific testimony, and, perhaps equally important, middle and upper class prejudices.Birth control leaders, whose respectability was always in some doubt, were for the most part no exception and readily mingled with the estimable worthies who adorned the ranks of the elitist Eugenics Education Society founded in 1907. Several officers of the old Malthusian League, including its last president, Charles Vickery Drysdale, and his wife, Bessie, were early if troublesome recruits to the Society, while Marie Stopes, the most dynamic promoter of birth control in England in the inter-war years, joined in 1912, and eventually became a Life Fellow who left the organization a financial legacy, her famous clinic and much of her library, upon her death in 1958.

Kemalism and Beyond

2015 ◽  
pp. 161-179
Author(s):  
Christopher Houston
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Social History ◽  
First World War ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
Power Struggle ◽  
World War ◽  
The Social ◽  
The First World War ◽  
History Of ◽  
First World

Abstract: Despite the ceaseless efforts of what its supporters name the “Atatürk Cumhuriyeti” (Atatürk Republic), Kemalism is seen by many as a discredited ideology and an oppressive political practice. This chapter explores the social history of Kemalism since 1923 and the background to its now decades-long crisis of legitimacy. It compares the orthodox narrative concerning the Kemalist project with its various deconstructive accounts, many of which zero in on the years after the First World War and the 1920s and 1930s as foundational in present-day conflicts. These orthodox and heterodox histories, allied to the interests of different groups, do politics by another means. The chapter then traces how the power struggle over Kemalism’s futures is developing. Rather than pontificate about what the state or civil society should do, it concludes by drawing attention to emerging lineaments of change in existing civil society and social conditions.

scholarly journals Grassroots of Recordkeeping: an Investigation into  Archival Practices within Rugby Clubs in New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Christine Marie Edney
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Social History ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Rugby Union ◽  
Early Years ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Main Association ◽  
Archival Practices ◽  
Insight Into

<p>The sport of rugby has been officially played in New Zealand since as early as 1870. In the early years of rugby, the rugby club was one place where the community gathered to participate and communicate. It was a hub of the local community and a place which revealed some of the social history of that community. It is where some memories of the community could be captured and this history now needs to be maintained. The purpose of this research is to establish what rugby clubs have done to preserve the archives of the club for the future. It is to investigate if these clubs are even aware of what archives they have and what practices they are carrying out to preserve them. It is these records which contain some of the history of the community and they need to be preserved for future generations so that they can get an insight into the past. The research has been carried out with the participation of seven rugby clubs in the Wellington region with a visit to each club. A club official was interviewed and at the same time there was an opportunity to view the club premises. This research established that from those clubs only one had a good understanding of its holdings and had put an archiving plan into action. Another is about to get the assistance of an archivist. The findings of this research have highlighted the need for education and guidance in the correct archival practices to be carried out. All clubs taking part thought the idea of a manual or guidelines would be of great assistance. If this idea is to be carried through it should be led and encouraged by the clubs' main association, the New Zealand Rugby Union [NZRU]. The idea will need to be promoted to the NZRU to get assistance with development and funding.</p>

scholarly journals Grassroots of Recordkeeping: an Investigation into  Archival Practices within Rugby Clubs in New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Christine Marie Edney
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Social History ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Rugby Union ◽  
Early Years ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Main Association ◽  
Archival Practices ◽  
Insight Into

<p>The sport of rugby has been officially played in New Zealand since as early as 1870. In the early years of rugby, the rugby club was one place where the community gathered to participate and communicate. It was a hub of the local community and a place which revealed some of the social history of that community. It is where some memories of the community could be captured and this history now needs to be maintained. The purpose of this research is to establish what rugby clubs have done to preserve the archives of the club for the future. It is to investigate if these clubs are even aware of what archives they have and what practices they are carrying out to preserve them. It is these records which contain some of the history of the community and they need to be preserved for future generations so that they can get an insight into the past. The research has been carried out with the participation of seven rugby clubs in the Wellington region with a visit to each club. A club official was interviewed and at the same time there was an opportunity to view the club premises. This research established that from those clubs only one had a good understanding of its holdings and had put an archiving plan into action. Another is about to get the assistance of an archivist. The findings of this research have highlighted the need for education and guidance in the correct archival practices to be carried out. All clubs taking part thought the idea of a manual or guidelines would be of great assistance. If this idea is to be carried through it should be led and encouraged by the clubs' main association, the New Zealand Rugby Union [NZRU]. The idea will need to be promoted to the NZRU to get assistance with development and funding.</p>

The Struggle for “The Enslaved Rus”: Conversion of Rusin Prisoners of War to Orthodoxy in Omsk (1915–1917)

Rusin ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 99-114
Author(s):  
A.V. Sushko ◽  
◽  
D.I. Petin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
First World War ◽  
Prisoners Of War ◽  
Russian Revolution ◽  
World War ◽  
The First World War ◽  
Mass Conversion ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
First World

The article examines an understudied aspect of religious life in Omsk during the First World War, associated with mass conversion to the Orthodoxy of Rusin prisoners of war – former soldiers and officers of the Austro-Hungarian army. The research is based on the materials from the journal Omskie Eparkhialnye Vedomosti and the registration records of the birth books of Omsk Orthodox churches for 1915–1917. The combination of the anthropological approach with the problem-chronological and historicalcomparative methods allowed a thorough investigation of the phenomenon of mass conversion of Rusin prisoners of war to Orthodoxy, linking it with the specific historical situation and the personalities of church hierarchs who served in Siberia. The authors argue that the “Omsk phenomenon” of Rusins’ joining Orthodoxy was conditioned by the ascetic activity of the missionaries from the Omsk and Pavlodar dioceses, lead by Bishop Sylvester (Olshevsky). However, it should be emphasized that the dynamic development of this process was ensured by the official ideology based on Orthodox values, which dominated in the Russian Empire. The ideological factor of the conversion to Orthodoxy was decisive for the Rusins, who were attracted by the Orthodox empire, the “state of the Russian people”. The fall of the monarchy as a result of the Russian Revolution changed the paradigm of the country’s development and immediately put an end to the massive conversions of Rusins to Orthodoxy in Omsk. The article may be of interest to researchers of the history of Rusins, military and social history, as well as national and religious politics.

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