scholarly journals Inhabiting the Shifting Edge: Increasing the Adaptive Capacity of Coastal Sand Spit Communities in a Changing Climate

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Sibyl Ella May Bloomfield
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Adaptive Capacity ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Landscape Architecture ◽  
Development Trend ◽  
Coastal Development ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
The Social ◽  
Sand Spit

<p>This masters thesis uses urban design and landscape architecture to investigate the role of open spaces in increasing the adaptive capacity of New Zealand's sand spit communities in the face of climate related change. In order to respond to potential climate related change, the design of open spaces should acknowledge the crucial role that natural processes and ecosystems play in protecting coastal environments. Urban design and landscape architecture have the potential to encourage interaction at the interface of the social and ecological systems within these coastal communities. The design of public open space can encourage more sensitive development patterns and increase the communities' awareness of coastal processes. These spaces can become the focus of social capital building while ensuring the environment has the capacity to absorb potential climate related changes. This research focuses on three sand spit resort communities on the east coast of New Zealand's North Island. Through a series of design studies, a range of strategies are proposed and tested in response to the potential impacts of climate change and sea level rise. The exclusive and expensive coastal development trend is augmented to provide for all potential beach users. Diversification in both the users, and types of use, in these coastal areas will increase the social capital investment and awareness, further building the adaptive capacity of the spit system.</p>

scholarly journals Inhabiting the Shifting Edge: Increasing the Adaptive Capacity of Coastal Sand Spit Communities in a Changing Climate

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Sibyl Ella May Bloomfield
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Adaptive Capacity ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Landscape Architecture ◽  
Development Trend ◽  
Coastal Development ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
The Social ◽  
Sand Spit

<p>This masters thesis uses urban design and landscape architecture to investigate the role of open spaces in increasing the adaptive capacity of New Zealand's sand spit communities in the face of climate related change. In order to respond to potential climate related change, the design of open spaces should acknowledge the crucial role that natural processes and ecosystems play in protecting coastal environments. Urban design and landscape architecture have the potential to encourage interaction at the interface of the social and ecological systems within these coastal communities. The design of public open space can encourage more sensitive development patterns and increase the communities' awareness of coastal processes. These spaces can become the focus of social capital building while ensuring the environment has the capacity to absorb potential climate related changes. This research focuses on three sand spit resort communities on the east coast of New Zealand's North Island. Through a series of design studies, a range of strategies are proposed and tested in response to the potential impacts of climate change and sea level rise. The exclusive and expensive coastal development trend is augmented to provide for all potential beach users. Diversification in both the users, and types of use, in these coastal areas will increase the social capital investment and awareness, further building the adaptive capacity of the spit system.</p>

Creating Neighbourhood Networks: Why the Alvalade Landscape Matters to Housing

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-53
Author(s):  
Romana Xerez
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Social Housing ◽  
Urban Policy ◽  
Network Resources ◽  
Social Mix ◽  
The Social ◽  
Community Ties ◽  
Development Failure

How does social capital matter to the creation of neighbourhood networks in cities? Social housing in Portugal is some times viewed as a single architectural and building environment development failure. This article discusses a relevant Portuguese urban planning landscape and aims to contribute to the discussion of one of its main purpose – the social housing experiment. The author discusses the case of this landscape as urban policy-making and evaluates its implementation and relevance. She hypothesizes that “neighbourhood units” have become a relevant case in the context of neighbourhood planning and housing social-mix in Lisbon. Firstly, she uses theoretical arguments and findings to discuss an urban experiment - Alvalade Landscape. Secondly, the paper analyses relevant data that demonstrates its links to the housing policies thus enriching the urban design. The article offers evidence from the Alvalade Landscape case study in Lisbon of theoretical and empirical community ties in the 1940s. Thirdly, the paper identifies some elements such as community units, social mix, sidewalks, and that have an impact on neighbourhood design as well as people’s lives. The findings show that supportive neighbour ties provide important network resources (social capital) concerning daily life, illness, support or financial aid. Finally, the paper suggests the relevance that social neighbourhood community has in housing programs and policies.

Building social capital for constructive adaptive capacity under social stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3/4) ◽  
pp. 247-253
Author(s):  
Yutong Wang ◽  
Pakon Ko ◽  
Nancy Law
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Online Learning ◽  
Adaptive Capacity ◽  
Social Stress ◽  
School Closure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Face

PurposeThis study examines how a school progressively built its social capital for agile adaptation to provide inclusive and effective fully online learning provisions through intentionally enhancing its architecture for learning.Design/methodology/approachThe authors conducted a case study to examine how school A was able to respond rapidly and progressively to the demand for quality online learning provisions in the face of unanticipated school closure with an uncertain end date. Video recordings of online school sharing sessions, interviews and documents provided by the school constituted data sources for this study.FindingsIn creating a collective new norm for the implementation of online learning, a school needs to enhance both structural and cognitive aspects of its social capital. School A achieved this through intentional changes to its architecture for learning (i.e. organizational structure, interaction mechanisms, mediating artifacts and technology) when deliberating measures to deliver the changes under periods of serious social stress.Originality/valueAdaptive capacity is a core demand on the social capital of schools and organizations under the “new normal” when the future is unpredictable. This paper uncovers the connection between a school's architecture for learning and its adaptive capacity.

A “Sensibility of the Commons” and Climate Change Adaptive Capacity in Haiti

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 519-543
Author(s):  
Cynthia J. Bogard
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Adaptive Capacity ◽  
Essential Feature ◽  
Counter Example ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Commons ◽  
Action Taking

A sensibility of the commons, defined as a community sentiment of shared, responsible decision-making and action-taking concerning a designated resource, is an essential feature of societies likely to adapt effectively to climate change. Impoverished Haiti provides a tragic counter example and instead is likely to be highly vulnerable to climate instability. Vulnerability is defined as likely impacts plus adaptive capacity. Haiti’s degraded environment and dearth of inclusive institutions is in part responsible for its current vulnerability. Its former slave economy has been followed by an oligarchic extractionist economy leaving little room for developing the social prerequisites of high adaptive capacity societies. These are: empowered citizens, inclusive institutions, a generalized morality wherein all have rights, and a sensibility of the commons and its concomitant social capital.

Retailers' CSR: the effects of legitimacy and social capital

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiyoung Kim ◽  
Sejin Ha ◽  
Clarissa Fong
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Practical Implication ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose – This study aims to investigate consumer perception of community and employee oriented CSR program, and examine how retailers' CSR activities lead to social (i.e. legitimization) and financial support. Further, by taking the social context into account, this research examine the moderating effect of consumer engagement in community social capital on the relationship between perceived retailers' CSR action and retailer legitimization. Design/methodology/approach – Pre-test was conducted with 144 students to validate the measurement model. A total of 220 responses from US consumers were used for the main-test, and multiple group analysis in structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed in order to test the structural model. Findings – The result indicates that when retailers are perceived as adhering to social norms through their CSR actions, they gain legitimacy and support from the consumers within the community. Further, consumer social capital moderates the relationship between perceived CSR and retailer legitimacy. Practical implications – Findings of this research can provide retail marketers with practical implication in developing their CSR strategy catering to the community members. Understanding consumers with higher level of social capital investment will increase the capability and effectiveness of the retailers' CSR activities. Originality/value – This research offers theoretical contributions to the current research stream of CSR studies by testing the moderating effect of consumers' engagement in the social environment on consumers' legitimization and support toward retailers that perform CSR activities. This study also provides new perspective on assessing the outcome of retailers' CSR actions by focusing on both social and financial dimensions.

scholarly journals How to assess urban quality: a spatial multicriteria decision analysis approach [Come valutare la qualità urbana: un approccio di analisi decisionale spaziale multi-criteriale per gli spazi aperti pubblici]

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 21-30
Author(s):  
Alessandra Oppio ◽  
Luca Forestiero ◽  
Loris Sciacchitano ◽  
Marta Dell'Ovo
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
European Cities ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
Technical Issues ◽  
The Relationship

From the early 1990s the quality of public space is at the centre of the Agenda of major European cities. Today, more than before, the health emergency due to the Covid-19 pandemy has pointed out the importance of the relationship among public space, quality of life and health. Public and semi-private spaces, especially in high-dense cities and in the most affected areas by Covid-19, represent a strong driver both for restarting and for helping cities to face the new normal age. Despite the advancement of research during the past two decades and empirical evidence about the relationship among quality of open spaces, quality of life and urban sustainability, there is still a lack of studies on how to measure the quality of open spaces. Among the several research lines, the Urban Design approach across its evolution has always focused on it, starting from aesthetic as well as technical issues and increasingly including the social and economic ones. Dai primi degli anni ’90 la qualità dello spazio pubblico è al centro dell’Agenda delle principali città europee. Oggi, più di prima, l’emergenza sanitaria generata dalla pandemia da Covid-19 ha delineato l’importanza delle relazioni tra spazio pubblico, qualità della vita e salute. Gli spazi pubblici e semi-privati, specialmente nelle città densamente popolate e nelle aree più colpite dalla pandemia, sono un elemento chiave da cui ripartire per aiutare le città ad affrontare una nuova normalità e a definire una risposta alle restrizioni sanitarie. Nonostante gli avanzamenti della ricerca scientifica e le evidenze empiriche sulla relazione tra qualità degli spazi aperti, qualità della vita e sostenibilità urbana, pochi sono ancora gli studi su come misurare la qualità degli spazi aperti. Tra le diverse tradizioni di ricerca, l’Urban Design ha sempre prestato una particolare attenzione a questo tema, iniziando con aspetti funzionali ed estetici e includendo nel corso della sua evoluzione anche questioni sociali ed economiche.

scholarly journals Nexus of the Remittances and Entrepreneurship in Nepal: Critical Observations from Ilam District

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-86
Author(s):  
Madhav Prasad Mainali
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Sustainable Livelihood ◽  
Policy Reforms ◽  
Entrepreneurship Development ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Strategic Project

Foreign employment has provided alternative opportunities for livelihood and contributed for a remittance based economy in Nepal at present. In the context of Nepal, the present study has been carried out with the overall objective to explore the roles of remittances in terms of both monetary and social capital gained from foreign employment in entrepreneurship development, particularly agribusiness enterprises owned by the returnee migrant workers in Nepal. In terms of framework, the study has followed the migration in optimistic perspective. The study has shown that the economic status of the majority of respondents has improved since beginning their agribusiness enterprises. In addition to economic status, the social status of the respondents has also seen improvements through operating their agribusiness. Remittances gained from foreign employment has been an unavoidable factor for entrepreneurship development in the country of origin. But, the important thing is; whether the remittances have been used in the productive sectors, particularly in entrepreneurship development or not. Capital investment, employment creation, research and innovation are seen the opportunities of agribusiness which can lead to the sustainable livelihood of returnee migrant workers. In turn, policy reforms and strategic project interventions from concerned authorities are critically important for the entrepreneurship and productive use of the remittance.

scholarly journals Reconstituting the Urban Commons: Public Space, Social Capital and the Project of Urbanism

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Brain
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Collective Efficacy ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Democratic Governance ◽  
Urban And Regional Planning ◽  
The Social ◽  
Urban Commons ◽  
Urban Places

This article outlines a framework for connecting design-oriented research on accommodating and encouraging social interaction in public space with investigation of broader questions regarding civic engagement, social justice and democratic governance. How can we define the “kind of problem a city is” (Jacobs, 1961), simultaneously attending to the social processes at stake in urban places, the spatial ordering of urban form and the construction of the forms of agency that enable us to make better places on purpose? How can empirical research be connected more systematically to theories of democratic governance, with clear implications for urban design, urban and regional planning as professional practice? This framework connects three distinct theoretical moves: (1) understanding the sociological implications of public space as an urban commons, (2) connecting the making of public space to research on social capital and collective efficacy, and (3) understanding recent tendencies in the discipline of urban design in terms of the social construction of a “program of action” (Latour, 1992) at the heart of the professional practices relevant to the built environment.

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