scholarly journals Corporate Governance Performance Relationship and the Role of Institutions and Culture: New Evidence from Asian Microfinance Institutions

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Nawaz ◽  
Sidra Shahbaz ◽  
Abdul Farooq ◽  
Muhammad Masood Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Social Performance ◽  
Governance Mechanism ◽  
Microfinance Institutions ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Corporate Governance Mechanism ◽  
Asian Context ◽  
Globalized World ◽  
The Impact

Purpose: In a globalized world today, Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) are concerned about their corporate governance mechanism to enhance financial and social performance. However, it largely depends on the existing institutional, cultural and economic factors. This paper furthers the debate on the impact of corporate governance on the financial and social performance of Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) in Asian Context. Design/Methodology/Approach: The paper utilizes a panel cross-country data set comprised of 183 MFIs in 18 Asian countries over the period of 2010-2018. For empirical analysis, it applies GMM regression technique to control for the endogeniety issue.    Findings: The results show that generally corporate  governance mechanism contributes more  towards  social  performance  of  MFIs  than  the  financial  performance and a conducive institutional environment enhances both financial and social performance. However, good cultural and economic values contribute only towards the social performance of MFIs. Implications/Originality/Value: Since majority of MFIs irrespective of their status are socially oriented. Therefore, good corporate governance mechanism is more effective in enhancing social performance in particular. Progress towards human development contributes to both financial and social performance of MFIs.

scholarly journals BOARD STRUCTURE AND BANK PERFORMANCE: EVIDENCE FROM SERBIAN BANKING SECTOR

2020 ◽  
pp. 057
Author(s):  
Verica Babić ◽  
Jelena Nikolić ◽  
Marijana Simić
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Bank Performance ◽  
Board Composition ◽  
Board Structure ◽  
Governance Mechanism ◽  
Board Size ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Corporate Governance Mechanism ◽  
The Impact

Traditional perspective relying on agency theory is based on the assumption that the board structure, as an internal corporate governance mechanism, determines board effectiveness and, therefore, financial performance. Board size, board composition and leadership structure are distinguished as relevant variables of the board structure. Since the results of previous empirical studies are often contradictory, examining the correlation between board structural characteristics and corporate performance is a relevant research question, particularly in banking sector. In order to improve effectiveness of internal corporate governance mechanism, and consequently bank performance, the main research objective is to identify the impact of the board size and the board composition on bank performance in the Republic of Serbia using the CAMELS model. We analyze this relation using Ordinary Least Squares regression analysis on balanced panel data-set of 54 observations. The paper contributes to recent research efforts by making conclusions on the effects of board structure on bank performance, in order to define recommendations for improving performance in banking sector. 

Does Social Performance Drive Corporate Governance Mechanism In Case of Asian MFIs? An Issue of Endogeneity

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 988-1012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Nawaz ◽  
Sana Iqbal ◽  
Sadaf Ehsan
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Social Performance ◽  
Generalized Least Squares ◽  
Reverse Direction ◽  
Governance Mechanism ◽  
Microfinance Institutions ◽  
Reverse Causality ◽  
Performance Variables ◽  
Corporate Governance Mechanism ◽  
And Performance

The current study contributes to the existing literature on the relationship between corporate governance (CG) and social performance (SP) of microfinance institutions (MFIs) by introducing CG index for the first time purely in the perspective of Asian MFIs. Moreover, this research also investigates the existence of endogeneity by checking the reverse causality between CG and SP as many previous studies highlighted the endogenous nature of many governance and performance variables. Using a panel of 173 MFIs in 18 Asian countries for the period of 5 years, a comprehensive CG index (CGI) based on seven internal governance mechanism variables is constructed as an indicator of the overall CG mechanism of MFIs. By employing generalized least squares (GLS) model, our results indicate insignificant impact of CG on many SP variables which are attributed to the endogenous nature of this relationship as the significance of results improved by studying relationship in reverse direction by employing ordered logit model. Our results indicate that SP is an important determinant of CG mechanism of MFIs even after controlling for MFI-related characteristics.

Corporate Governance Mechanism on Financial Performance (Evidence from the Indonesia’s Listed State-owned Enterprises)

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-34
Author(s):  
Anak Agung Kompiyang Ratih Maldini ◽  
Pananda Pasaribu ◽  
Christian Haposan Pangaribuan
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Financial Performance ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Governance Structure ◽  
Board Independence ◽  
Governance Mechanism ◽  
Good Corporate Governance ◽  
Corporate Governance Mechanism ◽  
The Impact

Objective – This study aims to find the impact of privatization, which proxied by good corporate governance toward the financial performance of SOEs in Indonesia. Methodology – This study used 16 privatized SOEs that are listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange and also 16 privatized non-SOEs as the comparison. The data is collected from the year 2014 to 2018 and analyzed by using multiple regression panel data. Findings – This study found that director size and board independence have a positive impact toward SOEs financial performance. The director size and board independences have a positive significant impact toward the SOEs financial performance while the privatized non-SOEs is not significantly affected Novelty – This study examines proper governance structure in SOEs and non-SOEs, thus providing new insights about good corporate governance regulation in the Indonesian context.

The Comparison on Corporate Governance between Temasek and State-Owned Companies in China

2014 ◽  
Vol 998-999 ◽  
pp. 1634-1637
Author(s):  
Xu Bei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Governance Structure ◽  
Governance Mechanism ◽  
Internal Governance ◽  
Professional Managers ◽  
Restraint Mechanism ◽  
Structure State ◽  
Corporate Governance Mechanism

This paper proceeds as follows. Corporate governance, broadly speaking, is a science which studies enterprise power arrangement. In the narrow sense, it belongs to the ownership of enterprises; it is a science which researches how to empower professional managers and to use regulatory authority to their performance of duties. The improvement of the efficiency of the state-controlled corporate governance depends on the choice of corporate governance mechanism. Constrained by the institutional environment, the corporate governance is also affected by the internal governance structure. State-owned enterprises still face great difficulties when they manager to make a clear boundary between the central enterprises and government, separate ownership and management completely, achieve a sound governance structure. Temasek has a high quality management mode. The company special board composition and the control method of the layered progressive and effective restraint mechanism play a key role. State-owned enterprises can learn from Temasek’s experience of corporate governance, and promote the reform of the governance structure, to stimulate the vitality of enterprises.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Intellectual Capital dan Corporate Governance Terhadap Kinerja Bank di Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Jadzil Baihaqi
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Boards Of Directors ◽  
Audit Committee ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Governance Mechanism ◽  
Moderation Effect ◽  
Corporate Governance Mechanism ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This study examines the impact of intellectual capital and corporate governance mechanism on banks’ performance both directly and also moderated effect. We used banks that were listed in the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The bank’s performance was measured by risk-based bank rating while intellectual capital was measured by the coefficient of VAICTM (Pulic, 1998). The corporate governance mechanism was measured based on the size of boards of directors, the composition of independent director, CEO remuneration, managerial ownership, the effectiveness of audit committee and ownership concentration. The result of the study shows that banks’ performance was positively influenced by intellectual capital. However, corporate governance mechanism did not influence the banks’ performance, while the moderation effect of corporate governance mechanism on the relationship between intellectual capital and banks’ performance was not confirmed.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Mekanisme Corporate Governance Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Badan Usaha

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Filia Puspitasari ◽  
Endang Ernawati
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Firm Size ◽  
Foreign Debt ◽  
Ownership Concentration ◽  
Managerial Ownership ◽  
Governance Mechanism ◽  
Outside Directors ◽  
Board Size ◽  
Corporate Governance Mechanism ◽  
The Impact

Nowdays, most researches in corporate governance field are conducted by researchers based on rising of many firms to become public corporation. According to this situation, they have to separate their functions on ownership and control of the firm. As result, it will arise agency conflict between owners and managers. The corporation enable solve the problem by apply the corporate governance mechanism optimally. This research is a replication research is conducted by Sanda et al (2005). It’s explained the specific study about the impact of corporate governance mechanism include managerial ownership, board size, outside directors, ownership concentration, and debt toward financial performance that measured by ROA, ROE, PER, and TOBINS’Q. The samples of this research are all corporations which listed at Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) by all sectors that delivered financial statement on time by regulation. The period of time in this research determined on 2005-2007. The model is extended by quadratic of managerial ownership, quadratic of board size, quadratic of ownership concentration, CEO foreign and firm size as control variables, and sectoral dummy. The result of this research explained that corporate governance mechanism simultaneously influence to ROA and ROE significantly. On partially, ROA is influenced by CEO foreign, debt, and firm size significantly. And ROE is inluenced by CEO foreign, firm size, and sector of basic industry significantly.

scholarly journals Do Political Connection and Corporate Governance Mechanism Increase Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure?

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-46
Author(s):  
Yeterina Widi Nugrahanti
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Institutional Ownership ◽  
Political Connection ◽  
Governance Mechanism ◽  
Corporate Governance Mechanism ◽  
Csr Disclosure ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
The Impact

The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of political connection and corporate governance mechanisms (independent board of commissioner, institutional ownership, and board of commissioner size) toward Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) disclosures using Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) Guidelines. Purposive sampling technique was conducted and 272 non-financial companies listed in the Indonesian Stock Exchange during 2015-2017 were acquired as the samples (816 firm-years). For testing the hypotheses, unbalanced Generalized Least Square panel data regression was employed. The finding shows that political connection and board of commissioner size have a positive impact on CSR disclosures while independent board of commissioner and institutional ownership do not. This study contributes to political connection, corporate governance mechanism, and CSR disclosure literature by identifying CSR disclosure based on GRI guidelines up to the most detailed level, which are 77 disclosure items indicators and 254 sub-indicators. Meanwhile, previous research only identify CSR disclosure up to 77 GRI indicators without paying attention to the sub-indicators in detail.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Mekanisme Internal Corporate Governance Terhadap Pemilihan Auditor Eksternal

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 182
Author(s):  
Febrina Nafasati P ◽  
Dian Indu Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Governance Mechanism ◽  
Auditor Choice ◽  
Auditor Quality ◽  
Corporate Governance Mechanism ◽  
The Impact

<p><em>Internal Coporate Governance Mechanism influence for Auditor Choice. The research is to know of the impact of Internal Corporate Governance Mechanism on auditor choice by non-financial companies, where the proxies of Internal Corporate Governance Mechanism used are the largest shareholder, audit committee’s effectivenese, the number of board of commissioner and the proportion of independent commissioner. This study used Top 4-non Top 4 auditor segregation as a proxy of auditor quality that will be chosen by the company.</em></p><p><em>This study used Logistic Regresion and used 177 of non financial companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange 2013. </em></p><p><em>The Result showed that there are significant of the number of board of commissioner and audit committee’s effectivenese on auditor choice by company. Therea are not significant of the largest shareholder and the proportion of independent commissioner on auditor choice by company.</em></p>

scholarly journals Corporate Governance and Firm Free Cash Flows: Evidence from Malaysia

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 531-537
Author(s):  
Razieh Adinehzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Cash Flow ◽  
Audit Committee ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Free Cash Flow ◽  
Governance Mechanism ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Corporate Governance Mechanism ◽  
Free Cash Flows ◽  
The Relationship

This study provides view of free cash flow and corporate governance (CG) by addressing the relationship between audit committee characteristics with free cash flow. Specifically, this study explores whether audit committee characteristics are substitutes to control agency problem regarding to free cash flow within Malaysian firms. The data set comprise of 200 firm observations Malaysian companies for four consecutive years, which comprise of 2005 to 2008. The results show that size of audit committee, frequency of audit committee meeting, proportion of audit committee independence is positively associated with level of free cash flow (FCF). The results of study highlight the importance of corporate governance mechanism, in the form of audit committee characteristics, in the management of cash flow.

scholarly journals Institutional shareholding as a corporate governance mechanism that drives Chief Executive Officer pay

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-233
Author(s):  
María Consuelo Pucheta-Martínez ◽  
Carlos Chiva-Ortells
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Chief Executive Officer ◽  
Chief Executive ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Governance Mechanism ◽  
Pressure Sensitive ◽  
Variable Pay ◽  
Ceo Pay ◽  
Corporate Governance Mechanism ◽  
The Impact

We explore the effect of institutional directors on Chief Executive Officer (CEO) pay (total, fixed, and variable compensation). We delve particularly into the impact of pressure-sensitive and pressure-resistant institutional directors, who, respectively, represent institutional investors who maintain and investors who do not maintain a business relationship with the firm whose board they serve on. Focusing on CEO total pay, the findings show that institutional and pressure-resistant directors on boards behave similarly, affecting CEO total pay in a nonlinear way: as the presence of institutional and pressure-resistant directors on boards increases, the monitoring hypothesis prevails, and subsequently, better corporate governance decreases CEO total pay. However, when their presence on boards exceeds a critical point, the entrenchment hypothesis holds, thereby leading to an increase in CEO total pay. Contrary to our predictions, pressure-sensitive directors do not affect CEO total pay. Regarding the CEO’s compensation structure (fixed and variable), the results suggest that institutional and pressure-resistant directors increase fixed compensation and reduce variable pay, while pressure-sensitive directors affect neither fixed nor variable compensation. This evidence supports the view that institutional directors should be considered as a heterogeneous collective. JEL CLASSIFICATION: G3, G34, M12

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