scholarly journals Blue-green urban infrastructure in Boston and Bombay (Mumbai): a macro-historical geographic comparison

ZARCH ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 36-51
Author(s):  
James L. Wescoat Jr. ◽  
Smita Rawoot
Keyword(s):  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Urban Infrastructure ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
Parallel Processes ◽  
Coastal Cities ◽  
Late 18Th Century ◽  
Anglo American ◽  
Geographic Comparison

This study offers a macro-historical geographic comparison of blue-green urban infrastructure in the coastal cities of Boston, USA and Mumbai (formerly Bombay), India.  After introducing the aims and methods of comparative historical geography, we focus on the insights that these two cases offer. Their stories begin with ancient coastal fishing settlements, followed by early processes of urbanization and fortification in the 17th century.  By the late-18th century Anglo-American merchants in Boston were trading with Parsi merchants in Bombay, at a time when Bostonians had little more to sell than ice in exchange for India’s fine textiles. From the early-19th century onwards, the two maritime cities undertook surprisingly parallel processes of land reclamation and water development.  Boston commissioned blue-green infrastructure proposals at the urban scale, from Frederick Law Olmsted’s Back Bay Fens to Charles Eliot’s Metropolitan Park District Plan—innovations that offer more than a century of lessons in environmental performance and resilience.  The two cities developed parallel “Esplanade,” “Back Bay,” and “Reclamation” projects.  None of these projects anticipated the magnitude of 20th century land, water, and infrastructure change.  Both cities have begun to address the increasing risks of urban flooding, sea level rise, and population displacement, but they need bolder metropolitan visions of blue-green urban infrastructure to address emerging climate change and water hazards.

scholarly journals Translating Representations: Orientalism in the Colonial Indian Province of Bengal (1770s-1830s)

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Larocque
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Edward Said ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
Late 18Th Century ◽  
Relations Of Power

The late 18th century to early 19th century British conquest into the Indian province of Bengal provides a fascinating study of the influence of translation and printing on the colonial relationship. Translation, as a form of representation, is yet another lens through which we can analyze Edward Said‟s concept of Orientalism (colonizer/colonized relationships) and witness the complexities and consequences that can result when individuals reinforce and/or subvert these „relations of power.‟

G.R. Derzhavin’s personal library as a reflection of poet’s literary interests and artistic creativity

Neophilology ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 558-565
Author(s):  
Ruslan M. Zhitin ◽  
Aleksey G. Topilsky
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Cultural Significance ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
Reading Interests ◽  
Late 18Th Century ◽  
History Of ◽  
Personal Library ◽  
Instance Analysis

We study G.R. Derzhavin's personal library. The study is relevant due to the high historical and cultural significance of Gavriil Romanovich’s book collections. Reconstruction of his original collection – one of the most important areas of research of book culture of the late 18th century and, of course, the key story of the study of poet creativity sources. We analyze the thematic diversity of the preserved books, the history of the Derzhavin collection, its fate after the death of G.R. Derzhavin. Derzhavin’s library was transferred to D.V. Polenov – well-known diplomat and bibliophile of his time, and then entered the Naryshkin special library of Tambov. The study of the qualitative and quantitative composition of the transferred collections allowed to establish the safety of 293 volumes from his collection. The collection is distinguished by special brown leather bindings with flyleaf of decorative paper (presumably handmade), a lot of tray copies. Part of the journals convolutes from Derzhavin’s collection are bound in hard cardboard paper with a rectangular label-sticker of the early 19th century, reflecting the name of the journal, the year of publication and superexlibris “G. D.” (Gavriil Derzhavin). Analysis of Derzhavin's books from the library demonstrated a significant diversity of reading interests of G.R. Derzhavin. His library has preserved many rare lifetime copies of odes, letters, epigrams, messages of famous authors of the 18th century, a huge number of periodicals. The method of instance analysis of literature made it possible to identify and analyze the author’s marginalia on the poet’s books, their significance for the characteristics of the poet’s literary work.

scholarly journals From frontier military post to Hong Ngu district-level town

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 16-28
Author(s):  
Truong Kim Do
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
District Level ◽  
Rural District ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
The North ◽  
Late 18Th Century ◽  
Administrative Unit ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Sea Area

Hong Ngu Town is currently the only town of Dong Thap Province. Place name Hung Ngu dates back from early times and was officially recorded in many of Nguyen Dysnasty’s historical records. The place name Hong Ngu originated from Hung Ngu which was the name of the Nguyen Lords’ army troup assigned to guard the border and to collect taxes. The place where the Nguyen Lords’s army troup stationed was named Bao Hung Ngu. The land was garrisoned by the army troup of the same name. Through long-time contact, the land’s name was set as Hung Ngu. For convenience of sound pronunciation, “hung” was pronounced a little bit inclined to “hong”; thereby, “hung ngu” to “hong ngu”. The place name Hung Ngu (now called Hong Ngu) may have been formed in the late 18th Century or the early 19th Century. Bao Hung Ngu troup originally stationed at Rach Doc Vang rivulet mouth (at Thanh Binh rural district), then moved to the lower shore of Hiep An river, now is the Mekong resort of Dong Thap Tourist Company. Over 200 years, Hong Ngu constantly developed. It took 85 years sharp for the frontier military post in the Nguyen Lords’ times to become an administrative unit at rural district level (1029); now it has been the district-level town of the province for 5 years (2009-2014). The paper points out the continuity of the formation and development process as mentioned above. Hong Ngu continues to rise to become an urban area and the clue of an economic focal point of the North of Dong Thap Province, and towards the near future, a city in the sea area.

scholarly journals Anton Weidinger and the Emergence of His Voice: The Keyed Trumpet

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy W. Sexton
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
Joseph Haydn ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
Human Voice ◽  
The Third ◽  
Late 18Th Century ◽  
New Instrument ◽  
Johann Nepomuk Hummel

This paper examines Anton Weidinger, the 18th- and early 19th-century keyed trumpet player for whom Joseph Haydn and Johann Nepomuk Hummel composed their trumpet concerti. As the most successful of many attempts to chromaticize the trumpet in the late 18th century, during which the Baroque clarino style of trumpet-playing was waning, Weidinger’s keyed trumpet enjoyed a short-lived period of prominence from about 1800 to 1804, the period during which Weidinger premiered these two concerti. Subsequently, the keyed trumpet declined in popularity, and eventually it was replaced by the valve trumpet. Both concerti emphasize the chromatic capabilities of the new instrument. A detailed examination of some passages from the third movements of the two concerti suggests a deliberate attempt on the part of Hummel (perhaps under Weidinger’s influence) to “quote” and outdo the most virtuosic passages in the Haydn concerto and to cast the new instrument as capable of playing in a “singing” operatic style. Musical quotation from Luigi Cherubini’s opera Les Deux Journées further cements the implicit connection Hummel draws between the keyed trumpet and opera (and, by extension, the human voice). The paper concludes that Weidinger and Hummel sought, in Hummel’s concerto, to announce to the musical world that the trumpet was ready to move beyond its Classical status as a tutti instrument. Though the success of Weidinger and his keyed trumpet was transient, the two concerti composed for him today stand as cornerstones of the solo trumpet literature.

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