scholarly journals Influência da Urbanização sobre o Microclima de Recife e Formação de Ilha de Calor (Influence of Urbanization on the Climate of Recife and Development of Heat Island)

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranyére Silva Nóbrega ◽  
Luis Augusto De Bakker Vital
Keyword(s):  
Inner City ◽  
Urban Climate ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Urbanization Process ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
Urbanized Area ◽  
Process Of Urbanization ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
The City

A partir de uma análise temporal e espacial do transecto perpendicular a Avenida Conde da Boa Vista foi possível determinar mudanças no microclima com relação à temperatura e umidade relativa do ar em um trecho de importância econômica para o centro do Recife. O objetivo deste estudo é analisar como o processo de urbanização está influenciando o microclima em Recife, tomando como estudo de caso a Avenida em estudo e verificar se há formação de ilha de calor no centro urbano. Durante seis dias de coleta de temperatura e umidade, nos períodos diurno e vespertino, de acordo com os horários sinóticos, foi possível analisar e entender a variabilidade de valores em três diferentes pontos ao longo do transecto que mede um pouco menos de 300 m e comparar com o quarto ponto localizado no Bairro da Várzea, periferia bastante arborizada da Cidade do Recife. De fato, verificou-se que há uma diferença considerável na temperatura entre a área mais urbanizada comparada com a vegetada e que na própria área urbanizada, há diferenças nos valores de temperatura devido às características paisagísticas dos pontos selecionados. Concluiu-se que o processo de urbanização gerou uma ilha de calor na Avenida Conde da Boa Vista e a influência da urbanização em suas adjacências favorece ainda mais o aumento de temperatura principalmente durante o período diurno.Palavras-chave: Clima urbano, Ilha de calor, Av. Conde da Boa Vista. Influence of Urbanization on the Climate of Recife and Development of Heat Island ABSTRACTFrom an analysis of temporal and spatial transect perpendicular to Conde da Boa Vista Avenue was possible to determine the changes in the microclimate in relation to temperature and relative humidity in a stretch of economic importance to the center of Recife. The objective of this study is to analyze how the process of urbanization is influencing the local climate in Recife, taking as a case study on the Avenue and to establish whether there is formation of heat island in the inner city. During six days of collecting temperature and humidity during daytime and evening according to the synoptic time to parse and understand the variability of values in three different points along the transect spanning just under 300 m and compare with the fourth point located in the Lowland District, wooded outskirts of the city of Recife. In fact, it was found that there is a considerable difference in temperature between the urbanized area compared to the vegetated and the very urbanized area; there are differences in the temperature due to the landscape features of the selected points. It was concluded that the urbanization process has created a heat island at Conde da Boa Vista Avenue and the influence of urbanization in their vicinities favors further temperature increase mainly during the daytime.Keywords: Urban climate, heat island, Conde da Boa Vista Avenue.

Climate Bubbles: Games to Monitor Urban Climate

Leonardo ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-65
Author(s):  
Drew Hemment ◽  
Carlo Buontempo ◽  
Alfie Dennen
Keyword(s):  
Urban Heat Island ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Urban Climate ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
Flow Circulation ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
The City

Climate Bubbles was a playful, participatory mass observation project on local climate. Bubble blowing games were devised to enable people across the city of Manchester to test air flow circulation and, by sharing the results online, enabled the Met Office to create a snapshot of the effect the Urban Heat Island has on wind.

scholarly journals The Influence of Urban Climate on Bioclimatic Conditions in the City of Iași, Romania

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 9652
Author(s):  
Pavel Ichim ◽  
Lucian Sfîcă
Keyword(s):  
Inner City ◽  
Urban Heat Island ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Urban Climate ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
Bioclimatic Conditions ◽  
The City

This study was carried out in order to outline the human bioclimatic stress/comfort conditions within the area of Iași city, Romania. The meteorological data were obtained over a 7-year period (December 2012–November 2019) from an observation network relying on 8 fixed observation points located in selected spots, relevant for the urban climate conditions in the region. The results demonstrate firstly that throughout the entire analyzed period, using the thermo-hygrometric index (THI), “very cold” conditions characterize 4% of the entire year in the inner parts of the city and 6% in the rural area, while the “hot” THI conditions vary from 18% in the middle of the urban heat island to 15% in the rural area. Overall, the rural areas are generally more comfortable than the inner city, especially during summer, when the urban heat island (UHI) core is starting to develop from the evening and persists during the night. On the contrary, the UHI renders the inner city more comfortable than the rural surroundings from October to April. Similar bioclimatic conditions are also presented in detail for the summer by the relative strain index (RSI), which exceeds the stress threshold value mostly during heat waves, when a significant contrast between urban and rural areas is felt. In brief, it has been determined that the most suitable area for human comfort in Iași city is inside the urban area during the winter and in the rural areas during the summer.

scholarly journals Urban Cold and Heat Island in the City of Bragança (Portugal)

Climate ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artur Gonçalves ◽  
Gabriella Ornellas ◽  
António Castro Ribeiro ◽  
Filipe Maia ◽  
Alfredo Rocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Urban Climate ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Urban Green Spaces ◽  
Local Climate Zones ◽  
The City

The thermal environment is an important aspect of the urban environment because it affects the quality of life of urban residents and the energy use in buildings. Urban Heat Island (UHI) and Urban Cold Island (UCI) are complementary effects that are the consequence of cities’ structures interference with the local climate. This article presents results from five years of urban climate monitoring (2012–2016) in a small Portuguese city (Bragança) using a dense meteorological network of 23 locations covering a wide array of Local Climate Zones (LCZ), from urban areas to nearby rural areas. Results show the presence of both the UHI effect, from mid-afternoon until sunrise, and the UCI after sunrise, both being more intense under the dense midrise urban context and during the summer. Urban Green Spaces had an impact on both UHI and UCI, with an important role in cooling areas of the city during daytime in the summer. Other LCZs had less impact on local thermal conditions. Despite the small size of this city, both effects (UHI and UCI) had a relevant intensity with an impact on local climate conditions. Both effects tend to decrease in intensity with increasing wind speed and precipitation.

scholarly journals Scenario Analyses of Exhaust Emissions Reduction through the Introduction of Electric Vehicles into the City

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 2030
Author(s):  
Marianna Jacyna ◽  
Renata Żochowska ◽  
Aleksander Sobota ◽  
Mariusz Wasiak
Keyword(s):  
Inner City ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Scenario Analyses ◽  
High Emission ◽  
Clean Air ◽  
The One ◽  
The City

In recent years, policymakers of urban agglomerations in various regions of the world have been striving to reduce environmental pollution from harmful exhaust and noise emissions. Restrictions on conventional vehicles entering the inner city are being introduced and the introduction of low-emission measures, including electric ones, is being promoted. This paper presents a method for scenario analysis applied to study the reduction of exhaust emissions by introducing electric vehicles in a selected city. The original scenario analyses relating to real problems faced by contemporary metropolitan areas are based on the VISUM tool (PTV Headquarters for Europe: PTV Planung Transport Verkehr AG, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany). For the case study, the transport model of the city of Bielsko-Biala (Poland) was used to conduct experiments with different forms of participation of electric vehicles on the one hand and traffic restrictions for high emission vehicles on the other hand. Scenario analyses were conducted for various constraint options including inbound, outbound, and through traffic. Travel time for specific transport relations and the volume of harmful emissions were used as criteria for evaluating scenarios of limited accessibility to city zones for selected types of vehicles. The comparative analyses carried out showed that the introduction of electric vehicles in the inner city resulted in a significant reduction in the emission of harmful exhaust compounds and, consequently, in an increase in the area of clean air in the city. The case study and its results provide some valuable insights and may guide decision-makers in their actions to introduce both driving ban restrictions for high-emission vehicles and incentives for the use of electric vehicles for city residents.

scholarly journals Paradigm Shift of New Building in Old Urban Districts: Case Study of Bangkok Chinatown Workshop

2021 ◽  
Vol 236 ◽  
pp. 05059
Author(s):  
Xian Li ◽  
Eakachat Joneurairatana ◽  
Veerawat Sirivesmas
Keyword(s):  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Building Construction ◽  
Symbiotic Relationship ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
New Era ◽  
Process Of Urbanization ◽  
Combination Mode ◽  
The City ◽  
New Buildings

Architects and designers realize that new buildings cannot completely replace old buildings in the process of urbanization in the world. To establish a method of the new building and the old building coexist and to create the new paradigm of the new building construction in the old district is the responsibility faced by the contemporary architects. This paper first analyzes the old building renovation projects in Berlin and Paris in the 1980s and puts forward the symbiotic relationship between the old and the new buildings in the new era, thus obtaining the research objectives, trying to redefine new buildings and old districts, and creating the new paradigm of contemporary building construction in old districts. Using workshop as an exploration method, this paper conducts data research and sampling analyses on the Chinatown area in Bangkok, and explores the combination mode and paradigm transformation of new buildings and old districts in the city, aiming to seek solutions utilizing art exploration.

scholarly journals Supporting Children’s Independent Activities in Smart and Playable Public Places

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (20) ◽  
pp. 8352
Author(s):  
Chiara Garau ◽  
Alfonso Annunziata
Keyword(s):  
Urban Design ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Methodological Framework ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Historic Center ◽  
Physical Attributes ◽  
Process Of Urbanization ◽  
The City

The global process of urbanization, and the modification of social interaction determined by the pandemic crisis, poses the issue of the place of vulnerable users and, in particular, children, within the contemporary city. This research aimed to elaborate a theoretical and methodological framework, based on the concepts of affordance and capability, for analyzing the potential of public spaces to enable and support children’s independent activities. This potential, or meaningful usefulness, is expressed by the Index of Meaningful Usefulness of public Urban Spaces (IUIS). The latter is calculated via the tool ‘Opportunities for Children in Urban Spaces’ (OCUS). This methodology is applied to the analysis of significant public spaces within the historic center of the city of Iglesias in Sardinia, Italy. The results reveal adequate usefulness of the selected spaces, while underlining criticalities related to intrinsic spatial and physical attributes. The application to the case study confirms the validity of the theoretical and methodological framework embodied in the OCUS tool for supporting urban design and planning by orienting place-shaping processes towards the acknowledgement of children’s needs.

scholarly journals Supporting Children’s Independent Activities in Smart and Playable Public Places

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Garau ◽  
Alfonso Annunziata
Keyword(s):  
Urban Design ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Methodological Framework ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Historic Center ◽  
Physical Attributes ◽  
Process Of Urbanization ◽  
The City

The global process of urbanization, and the modification of social interaction determined by the pandemic crisis poses the issue of the place of vulnerable users, and in particular children, within the contemporary city. This research aims to elaborate a theoretical and methodological framework, based on the concepts of affordance and capability, for analyzing the potential of public spaces to enable and support children’s independent activities. This potential, or meaningful usefulness, is expressed by the Index of Meaningful Usefulness of public Urban Spaces (IUIS). The latter is calculated via the tool ‘Opportunities for Children in Urban Spaces’ (OCUS). This methodology is applied to the analysis of significant public spaces within the historic center of the city of Iglesias in Sardinia, Italy. The results reveal adequate usefulness of the selected spaces, while underlining criticalities related to intrinsic spatial and physical attributes. The application to the case study confirms the validity of the theoretical and methodological framework embodied in the OCUS tool for supporting urban design and planning by orienting place-shaping processes towards the acknowledgement of children’s needs.

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