scholarly journals Os impactos das mudanças climáticas sobre os recursos hídricos e a produção animal em regiões semiáridas (Impacts of climate change on water resources and animal production in semi-arid regions)

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 598
Author(s):  
Gherman Garcia Leal de Araújo

As zonas áridas e semiáridas em todo mundo têm expressivos rebanhos de grandes e pequenos ruminantes, que fazem parte de importantes sistemas de produção e da geração de renda das populações. As mudanças climáticas estão atingindo a pecuária destas regiões e, consequentemente, suas produções estão sendo afetadas significativamente, por problemas de baixa oferta hídrica, queda na produção e disponibilidade de forragens, bem-estar animal, causadas por alterações da temperatura, radiação solar, evapotranspiração, baixa pluviosidade e umidade do solo. Este desafio está posto e só poderá ser superado com um esforço conjunto de várias instituições, envolvendo governos, organizações e instituições de pesquisas, que possam aportar recursos, conhecimentos, ferramentas e tecnologias capazes de proporcionar a sustentabilidade ambiental e econômica da atividade pecuária. Este artigo aborda alguns aspectos relacionados aos efeitos das mudanças climáticas sobre os recursos hídricos e as consequências sobre a produção animal. Descreve algumas ferramentas de zoneamento bioclimático e de monitoramento de risco pecuário, além de trazer algumas possíveis alternativas de mitigação aos efeitos das mudanças climáticas, particularmente, relacionadas a diminuição da oferta hídrica para os sistemas de produção de ruminantes, no semiárido. Arid and semi-arid areas in the world has significant herds of large and small ruminants, which are part of major production systems and the generation of income populations. Climate change is affecting the livestock of these regions and, consequently, their productions are being significantly affected by low water supply problems, decrease in the production and availability of feed, animal welfare, caused by changes in temperature, solar radiation, evapotranspiration, low rainfall and soil moisture. This challenge is set and can only be overcome by a joint effort of various institutions, involving governments, organizations and research institutions that can provide resources, knowledge, tools and technologies that provide environmental and economic sustainability of the livestock activity. This article discusses some aspects related to the effects of climate change on water resources and the consequences on animal production. Describes some tools of zones bioclimatic and livestock risk monitoring, and bring some possible alternatives to mitigate the effects of climate change, particularly related to decreased water supply to the ruminant production systems in semi-arid. Keyworlds: water, increase temperature, animal welfare, ruminants, production system.   

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Álvaro-Francisco Morote ◽  
Jorge Olcina ◽  
María Hernández

Drought is a climatic risk with notable repercussions on water supply systems. The aim of this study is to analyze the principal measures for management and planning implemented during recent decades in south-eastern Spain (Segura River Basin) to respond to drought situations, focusing on the role played by non-conventional water resources (desalination and treated water). The results demonstrate that the study area (despite being one of the driest places of Spain) is less vulnerable to drought than regions with an Atlantic climate and greater availability of water. This has been possible thanks to the integration of non-conventional water resources as a means of adaptation to confront this natural risk, which is estimated to become more intense and frequent in the future owing to climate change.


2013 ◽  
Vol 52 (10-12) ◽  
pp. 2082-2093 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emna Boughariou ◽  
Salem Bouri ◽  
Hafedh Khanfir ◽  
Yassine Zarhloule

Author(s):  
Sejabaledi Agnes Rankoana

Purpose The study explored the impacts of climate change on water resources, and the community-based adaptation practices adopted to ensure water security in a rural community in Limpopo Province, South Africa. Design/methodology/approach The study was conducted in Limpopo Province, South Africa. The participatory approach was used to allow community members to share their challenges of water scarcity, and the measures they have developed to cope with inconsistent water supply. Findings The study results show that the community obtains water for household consumption from the reticulation system supplied by Mutale River and the community borehole. These resources are negatively impacted by drought, change in the frequency and distribution of rainfall, and increased temperature patterns. The water levels in the river and borehole have declined, resulting in unsustainable water supply. The community-based adaptation practices facilitated by the water committee include observance of restrictions and regulations on the water resources use. Others involve securing water from neighbouring resources. Originality/value This type of community-based action in response to climate change could be used as part of rural water management strategies under climate change.


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