scholarly journals The Use of Non-Conventional Water Resources as a Means of Adaptation to Drought and Climate Change in Semi-Arid Regions: South-Eastern Spain

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Álvaro-Francisco Morote ◽  
Jorge Olcina ◽  
María Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Natural Risk ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Supply Systems ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Adaptation To Drought

Drought is a climatic risk with notable repercussions on water supply systems. The aim of this study is to analyze the principal measures for management and planning implemented during recent decades in south-eastern Spain (Segura River Basin) to respond to drought situations, focusing on the role played by non-conventional water resources (desalination and treated water). The results demonstrate that the study area (despite being one of the driest places of Spain) is less vulnerable to drought than regions with an Atlantic climate and greater availability of water. This has been possible thanks to the integration of non-conventional water resources as a means of adaptation to confront this natural risk, which is estimated to become more intense and frequent in the future owing to climate change.

Source to Tap Risk Assessment for Intermittent Water Supply Systems in Arid Regions: An Integrated FTA—Fuzzy FMEA Methodology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Husnain Haider ◽  
Mohammed Hammed Alkhowaiter ◽  
M. D. Shafiquzzaman ◽  
Mohammad Alresheedi ◽  
Saleem S. AlSaleem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Intermittent Water Supply ◽  
Fuzzy Fmea ◽  
Supply Systems

scholarly journals Trading-off tolerable risk with climate change adaptation costs in water supply systems

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 622-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edoardo Borgomeo ◽  
Mohammad Mortazavi-Naeini ◽  
Jim W. Hall ◽  
Michael J. O'Sullivan ◽  
Tim Watson
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Tolerable Risk ◽  
Supply Systems ◽  
Adaptation Costs

scholarly journals Effects of model calibration on hydrological and water resources management simulations under climate change in a semi-arid watershed

2020 ◽  
Vol 163 (3) ◽  
pp. 1247-1266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hagen Koch ◽  
Ana Lígia Chaves Silva ◽  
Stefan Liersch ◽  
José Roberto Gonçalves de Azevedo ◽  
Fred Fokko Hattermann
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Management ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Resources Management ◽  
Model Calibration ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Discharge Data ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Semi Arid

AbstractSemi-arid regions are known for erratic precipitation patterns with significant effects on the hydrological cycle and water resources availability. High temporal and spatial variation in precipitation causes large variability in runoff over short durations. Due to low soil water storage capacity, base flow is often missing and rivers fall dry for long periods. Because of its climatic characteristics, the semi-arid north-eastern region of Brazil is prone to droughts. To counter these, reservoirs were built to ensure water supply during dry months. This paper describes problems and solutions when calibrating and validating the eco-hydrological model SWIM for semi-arid regions on the example of the Pajeú watershed in north-eastern Brazil. The model was calibrated to river discharge data before the year 1983, with no or little effects of water management, applying a simple and an enhanced approach. Uncertainties result mainly from the meteorological data and observed river discharges. After model calibration water management was included in the simulations. Observed and simulated reservoir volumes and river discharges are compared. The calibrated and validated models were used to simulate the impacts of climate change on hydrological processes and water resources management using data of two representative concentration pathways (RCP) and five earth system models (ESM). The differences in changes in natural and managed mean discharges are negligible (< 5%) under RCP8.5 but notable (> 5%) under RCP2.6 for the ESM ensemble mean. In semi-arid catchments, the enhanced approach should be preferred, because in addition to discharge, a second variable, here evapotranspiration, is considered for model validation.

scholarly journals Vulnerability of and risk to water resources in arid and semi-arid regions of West China under a scenario of climate change

2016 ◽  
Vol 144 (3) ◽  
pp. 549-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Xia ◽  
Like Ning ◽  
Quan Wang ◽  
Junxu Chen ◽  
Long Wan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
West China ◽  
Semi Arid

Climate change and development impacts on the sustainability of spring-fed water supply systems in the Alto Beni region of Bolivia

2012 ◽  
Vol 468-469 ◽  
pp. 120-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren M. Fry ◽  
David W. Watkins ◽  
Nathan Reents ◽  
Mark D. Rowe ◽  
James R. Mihelcic
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Supply Systems

Optimum use of gravity springs in water supply systems

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-318
Author(s):  
K. Tothova ◽  
I. Mrnco
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Variable Yield ◽  
Service Areas ◽  
Potable Water Supply ◽  
Quality Water ◽  
Local Water ◽  
Supply Systems

The potable water supply concept reflects relationships between distribution of available water resources that determine hydrogeological attributes of the region, and distribution of water service areas. The distribution of the water resources is often uneven, which is one of reasons of development of extensive long distance water supply systems. The long distance water supply systems connect deficit areas with surplus water resources areas. For example, the yield of large capacity wells in Danube region near Bratislava is several times higher than the real demand in this region. In this case, water from the wells is transferred by multiple pumping over a long distance (tens or hundreds of kilometres) to the areas with shortage of sources. The Little Carpathians foothills, where local water sources (springs) do not give a sufficient yield all year long. Most of these springs offer high-quality water, but fluctuating yields of the sources and do not guarantee continuous water supply. The sources are important for its quality and yield as well as for their elevation. The elevation potential allows gravity water supply without a need for pumping. However, the water supply systems do not even use average yields of the springs. The balance capacity of the springs is technically designed for minimum yields. Therefore, several reasonable questions arise: Is it efficient to pump and transport water over a long distance even in the time of maximum yields of the gravity springs? How can we determine efficiency rate of use of such yield in its extreme status? The answers can be found in the analysis of the necessary technical measures and investments, and calculation of operating costs of a system dependent on variable yield of gravity springs.

Nanotechnology application in water resource management

2021 ◽  
pp. 33-62
Author(s):  
Arezoo Boroomandnia ◽  
Omid Bozorg-Haddad ◽  
Jimmy Yu ◽  
Mariam Darestani
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Supply Systems

Abstract Fast-growing water demand, population growth, global climate change, and water quality deterioration all drive scientists to apply novel approaches to water resource management. Nanotechnology is one of the state-of-the-art tools in scientists’ hands which they can use to meet human water needs via reuse of water and utilizing unconventional water resources. Additionally, monitoring water supply systems using new nanomaterials provides more efficient water distribution networks. In this chapter, we consider the generic concepts of nanotechnology and its effects on water resources management strategies. A wide range of nanomaterials and nanotechnologies, including nano-adsorbents, nano-photocatalysts, and nano-membranes, are introduced to explain the role of nanotechnology in providing new water resources to meet growing demand. Also, nanomaterial application as a water alternative in industry, reducing water demand in the industrial sector, is presented. Another revolution made by nanomaterials, also discussed in this chapter, is their use in water supply systems for monitoring probable leakage and leakage reduction. Finally, we present case studies that clarify the influence of nanotechnology on water resources and their management strategies. These case studies prove the importance and inevitable application of nanotechnology to satisfy the rising water demand in the modern world, and show the necessity of nanotechnology awareness for today's water experts.

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