scholarly journals Application of a ternary phase diagram to the liquid-liquid extraction of ethanoic acid using ethyl ethanoate

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 43-49
Author(s):  
Aline Amaral Madeira
Keyword(s):  
Phase Diagram ◽  
Ternary Phase ◽  
Ternary Phase Diagram ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Distribution Coefficients ◽  
Liquid Extraction ◽  
Ethanoic Acid ◽  
Liquid Liquid Extraction ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Tie Lines

This article was elaborated in an approach to the liquid-liquid equilibrium of the extraction process of ethanoic acid (C2H4O2) in aqueous phase using ethyl ethanoate as solvent. The liquid-liquid extraction was modeled by the construction of a ternary phase diagram for the water-ethanoic acid- ethyl ethanoate system with the aid of the Origin software. The equilibrium data were obtained experimentally by titration at room temperature (298.15 K) and atmospheric pressure (101325 Pa) using four mixtures of water, ethanoic acid, and ethyl ethanoate. The determination of the composition of the extract and residue portions in the equilibrium of each mixture by of the tie-lines method allowed to examine the percentages of liquid-liquid extraction achieved. The distribution coefficients and separation factors calculated made it possible an evaluation of the distribution and of the mutual solubility of the solute in the aqueous and organic phases. The results showed a good performance of ethyl ethanoate in the extraction of ethanoic acid for concentrations of solute until 16% of the feed.

scholarly journals Removal of lindane from wastewater using liquid-liquid extraction process

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 81-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indrasing D. Patil ◽  
Yogita S. Patil ◽  
Bhausaheb L. Pangarkar
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Coefficient ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Liquid Extraction ◽  
Ternary Mixtures ◽  
Triangular Diagram ◽  
Pesticide Pollution ◽  
Water Solvent ◽  
Liquid Liquid Extraction ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
The Right

Abstract Pesticide pollution is a serious problem being faced. Harmful levels of pesticides are found in the water which is used for daily purposes. In the event of such a scenario, this paper presents a working solution for bringing down the Pesticide levels in the water to safe levels by using the method of liquid-liquid extraction. The experimental liquid-liquid equilibrium data on pesticide-water-solvent ternary mixtures at a temperature of 288.15 K are presented here. The pesticide used here is a chlorinated hydrocarbon called lindane found in the water (underground, land), beverages and foods. The solvents used are Petro-ether-Chloroform (1:1), Ethylene di chloride and n-hexane. The equilibrium generation diagram, triangular diagram, tie lines and bimodal curves as well as the distribution coefficient have been determined and reported. The petro-ether-chloroform was found to be the right solvent for the separation of lindane from wastewater because of high selectivity (25.36) and distribution coefficient (4). The extraction process is simulated into ‘C’ language

Equilibrium tie-line in PrOy–BaO–CuO ternary phase diagram around peritectic temperature of Pr1+xBa2−xCu3O7−δ

1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minoru Tagami ◽  
Makoto Kambara ◽  
Takateru Umeda ◽  
Yuh Shiohara
Keyword(s):  
Phase Diagram ◽  
Ternary Phase ◽  
Ternary Phase Diagram ◽  
Peritectic Temperature ◽  
Air Atmosphere ◽  
Epma Analysis ◽  
Tie Lines ◽  
Growth Method ◽  
Quantitative Epma ◽  
Tie Line

This paper presents tie-lines between Pr1+xBa2−xCu3O7−δ and liquid on a PrOy –BaO–CuO ternary phase diagram at 965, 970, 975, 980, and 990 °C in air atmosphere, for which knowledge is necessary to fabricate composition controlled Pr1+xBa2−xCu3O7−δ single crystals by the solution growth method. Liquidus faces have been investigated by dipping MgO single crystal rods into the thermal equilibrium melt at various temperatures and analyzing the composition of the adhering melt by ICP. The compositions of Pr1+xBa2−xCu3O7−δ solid solution coexisting with various compositions of liquids were obtained by quantitative EPMA analysis of quenched melts. Tie-lines were calculated by applying the lever rule to these experimental data for solid compositions and liquidus faces. Furthermore, the relationships between solid solubilities and peritectic temperatures of Pr1+xBa2−xCu3O7−δ are reported.

Thermoelectric Properties of Single Crystal Alloys Bi8Sb32Te60, Bi9Sb31Te60 and Bi10Sb30Te60 Grown by the T.H.M. Method

1991 ◽  
Vol 234 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Caillat ◽  
M. Carle ◽  
J. P. Fleurial ◽  
H. Scherrer ◽  
S. Scherrer
Keyword(s):  
Phase Diagram ◽  
Bismuth Telluride ◽  
Ternary Phase ◽  
Ternary Phase Diagram ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
P Type ◽  
Solid Alloys

ABSTRACTIt has been reported that high figures of merit could be achieved on bismuth telluride grown by T.H.M. (Travelling Heater Method). Further improvements could be obtained for the p-type materials by studying solid solutions formed by bismuth telluride and antimony telluride.A good knowledge of the ternary phase diagram is necessary to obtain homogeneous ingots by T.H.M..We present the results of the determination of ternary phase diagram (Bi-Sb-Te). The equilibrium data between liquid and solid alloys Bi8Sb32Te60, Bi9Sb31Te60 and Bi10Sb30Te60 are also reported and it allows their elaboration by T.H.M..Thermoelectric characterization of ternary samples is carried out as a function of stoichiometric deviations. Measurements of electrical and thermal conductivities as well as Seebeck coefficient were done at room temperature for the Bi8Sb32Te60, Bi9Sb31Te60 and Bi10Sb30Te60 alloys.The values of the figure of merit remain interesting for the alloys studied and a maximum value of 3.2 10−3 K−1 is reached for the Bi9Sb31Te60 alloy.

Room Temperature Ionic Liquids as Novel Media for Zn Ions Extraction from Aqueous Solutions

2012 ◽  
Vol 1380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leticia E. Hernández Cruz ◽  
Felipe Legorreta García ◽  
Ana M. Herrera González
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Distribution Coefficients ◽  
Liquid Extraction ◽  
Metal Extraction ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Liquid Liquid Extraction ◽  
Zn Ions

ABSTRACTWastewaters often contain offensive cations. Because of their high affinity for water, it is difficult to remove those using conventional solvents for liquid- liquid extraction [1]. Hydrophobic ionic liquids may provide a useful extraction process. Because the properties of ionic liquids are turnable, it may be possible to identify some ionic liquids that have low viscosity, very low solubility in water, and high affinity for select metal ions [2]. In this sense in this work liquid- liquid extraction of dilute Zn ions from water was performed near room temperature with two ionic liquids (IL). Distribution coefficients are reported for Zn ions extracted with bromide 1-hexyl-pyridinium and bromide 1-octyl-pyridinium diluted in decanol. The extraction has been studied, and these confirmed that the metal extraction proceeds via a cation – exchange mechanism. Furthermore, stripping of Zn (II) from ILs into an aqueous phase by sulfuric acid (1 M) and recycling of the extracting ILs phase was successfully accomplished.

Cu titration in CuInSe2: exploration of the ternary phase diagram along new tie-lines

Ionics ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 3 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 149-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Jean ◽  
S. Peulon ◽  
J. -F. Guillemoles ◽  
J. Vedel
Keyword(s):  
Phase Diagram ◽  
Ternary Phase ◽  
Ternary Phase Diagram ◽  
Tie Lines

Using phase boundary mapping to resolve discrepancies in the Mg2Si–Mg2Sn miscibility gap

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Orenstein ◽  
James P. Male ◽  
Michael Toriyama ◽  
Shashwat Anand ◽  
G. Jeffrey Snyder
Keyword(s):  
Phase Diagram ◽  
Phase Boundary ◽  
Ternary Phase ◽  
Ternary Phase Diagram ◽  
Miscibility Gap ◽  
Boundary Mapping

A new understanding of the MgSi–MgSn miscibility gap is reached through phase boundary mapping the Mg–Si–Sn ternary phase diagram.

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