Flow-dependent versus spreading-like impairment of brain tissue integrity during focal cerebral ischemia and its consequences for neuroprotective strategies

10.2741/2776 ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 1500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Woitzik
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Focal Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Tissue Integrity ◽  
Neuroprotective Strategies

Brain Tissue Pressure in Focal Cerebral Ischemia with and without Reperfusion

1986 ◽  
pp. 566-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Iannotti ◽  
G. P. Schielke ◽  
V. Albanese ◽  
P. Picozzi ◽  
M. Rotondo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Focal Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Tissue Pressure

scholarly journals A tetracycline derivative, minocycline, reduces inflammation and protects against focal cerebral ischemia

2000 ◽  
Vol XXXII (3-4) ◽  
pp. 76-76
Author(s):  
J. Yrjanheikki ◽  
T. Tikka ◽  
R. Keinanen ◽  
G. Goldsteins ◽  
P. H. Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Focal Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Tetracycline Derivative

One of the reasons for the insufficient effectiveness of treatment of acute ischemic stroke may be secondary inflammation of the brain tissue, which, according to the results of modern studies, significantly worsens the consequences and outcome of the disease.

scholarly journals The place of neurotrophic therapy in the concept of stimulation of secondary angiogenesis in acute focal cerebral ischemia

2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 18-26
Author(s):  
V.S. Lychko
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Focal Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Area ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Stimulation Of ◽  
Group 1

The features of changes in the structural and functional characteristics of brain tissue were studied in 60 outbred male Wistar rats during modelling of acute focal cerebral ischemia (AFCI) in the dynamics of treatment with human cryopreserved cord blood serum (CCBS). Electronic and optical microscopic examination of the sensorimotor area of the cerebral cortex was performed. All animals were divided into three groups: the first (control) group consisted of intact rats without trauma and treatment; the second group consisted of animals after modelling AFCI without treatment; third group consisted of rats after modelling AFCI, which were injected by CCBS. Each group consisted of 20 animals. Material for morphological examination was taken after administration of CCBS solution to animals with the model of AFCI at 12, 24, 72 hours and 7th days after the start of the experiment. The average area of perivascular spaces, which is an indicator of vasogenic oedema in rats of group 2 was 45 times higher than in rats of group 1. In contrast, in rats of group 3 with CCBS, this figure was exceeded 37 times. The average area of pericellular spaces, indicating the degree of cytotoxic oedema, in animals of group 2 on the 7th day after AFCI was almost 23 times higher than the results of group 1. This figure in rats of group 3 was increased 20 times compared with data in group 2. Against the background of the use of this drug, there were signs of reactive changes in endothelial cells in the form of an increase in the number of ribosomes and polysomes in the cytoplasm, a decrease in the degree of perivascular oedema of brain tissue by 21.4 %. The surface area of endothelial cells in the zone of AFCI on the 7th day of the experiment in animals that additionally received CCBS was (1483.00±26.48) μm2, which indicates a positive anti-inflammatory effect of the drug. On the 7th day of the experiment in group 3 rats by optical microscopy was found to increase the density of cerebral capillaries compared with group 2, which indicates the stimulation of the restoration of the ultrastructure of damaged capillaries, increase their density, the formation of new capillaries under the components of CCBS.

scholarly journals Study of the neuroprotective effects of carnosine in an experimental model of focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 344-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Devyatov ◽  
T.N. Fedorova ◽  
S.L. Stvolinsky ◽  
I.N. Ryzhkov ◽  
N.A. Riger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Experimental Model ◽  
Glutathione Transferase ◽  
Focal Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Protein Carbonyls ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Cerebral Ischemia Reperfusion

Oxidative stress is one of the key factors in brain tissue damage in ischemia, which indicates the appropriateness of using antioxidants under these conditions. One of the promising antioxidants for the therapy of ischemic stroke is the natural dipeptide carnosine. The neuroprotective effect of dietary carnosine administration was investigated in an experimental model of focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion in Wistar rats. Animals received carnosine with a diet at a daily dose of 150 mg/kg for 7 days before temporary occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCA), performed for 60 min. At 24 h after the onset of ischemia the effect of carnosine on the area of the necrotic core was evaluated in animals. In brain tissue of animals the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyls (PC), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GP), catalase (CAT) and glutathione transferase (GT), content of isoprostanes and cytokines were measured. Carnosine significantly reduced the infarct size. Carnosine also increased TAC and reduced the level of MDA and isoprostanes in brain tissue. Influence of carnosine on other parameters was not detected. Thus carnosine consumed prophylactically with the diet for 7 days before the induction of ischemia by means of MCA occlusion in rats provides the direct neuroprotective effect, retains high antioxidant activity of brain tissue, reduces the level of oxidative damage markers (MDA and isoprostanes) but does not have any effect on the activity of antioxidant enzyme systems and production of cytokines in brain tissue.

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