Milk amyloid A and selected serum proteins in cows suffering from mastitis

The aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of clinical and sub-clinical mastitis on the concentrations of mammary associated isotype of serum amyloid A (M-SAA) in milk samples, as well as on the concentrations of haptoglobin (Hp) and serum amyloid A (SAA), and some other biochemical variables in blood serum of dairy cows (n = 41). The concentrations of aforementioned variables were measured in 4 groups of cows divided according to the results of the clinical examination of the udder and to the results of California Mastitis Test (CMT): group 1 – cows without clinical changes on the mammary gland and with negative CMT, group 2 – cows without clinical changes on the mammary gland and with weakly positive CMT, group 3 – cows without clinical changes on the mammary gland and with strongly positive CMT and group 4 – cows with clinical changes on the mammary gland and changes in milk appearance. The concentrations of M-SAA were analyzed also in 145 quarter’s milk samples which were categorized according to the same criteria as cows used in the study. By the evaluation of M-SAA concentrations in composite milk samples we found significantly the highest mean value in cows with clinical signs of mastitis. Similar findings were recorded in the M-SAA concentrations in quarter’s milk samples. Moreover, higher concentrations of M-SAA were found also in samples from mammary quarters without clinical changes and positive CMT. The analyses of Hp and SAA concentrations showed a trend of higher values in cows with clinical mastitis. The lowest mean concentration of albumin we found in cows with clinical signs of mastitis. Our results indicate elevated production of M-SAA in cows with clinical changes on mammary gland, and suggest the usefulness of this indicator also in the diagnosing of sub-clinical mastitis.

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Haptoglobin and serum amyloid A in relation to the somatic cell count in quarter, cow composite and bulk tank milk samples

Journal of Dairy Research ◽

10.1017/s0022029906002305 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 74 (2) ◽

pp. 198-203 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Maria Åkerstedt ◽

Karin Persson Waller ◽

Åse Sternesjö

Keyword(s):

Somatic Cell ◽

Cell Count ◽

Somatic Cell Count ◽

Serum Amyloid A ◽

Dairy Farms ◽

Serum Amyloid ◽

Bulk Tank Milk ◽

Amyloid A ◽

Milk Samples ◽

Bulk Tank

Milk somatic cell count (SCC) is the gold standard in diagnosis of subclinical mastitis, and is also an important parameter in quality programmes of dairy cooperatives. As routine SCC analysis is usually restricted to central laboratories, much effort has been invested in the search for alternative biomarkers of mastitis and milk quality, including the presence in the milk of the acute phase proteins (APP), haptoglobin (Hp) and serum amyloid A (SAA). The aim of this study was to investigate relationships between Hp, SAA and SCC in quarter, cow composite, and bulk tank milk samples. Cows (n=165), without any clinical signs of disease or abnormalities in the milk or udder, from three different dairy farms, were used. Cow composite milk samples from all cows delivering milk at the sampling occasion were taken once in each herd. In one of the farms, representative quarter milk samples (n=103) from 26 cows were also collected. In addition, bulk tank milk samples from 96 dairy farms were included in the study. Samples were analysed for Hp, SAA and SCC, and relationships between the parameters were evaluated at quarter, cow and tank milk levels using Chi-square analysis. Milk samples were categorized according to their SCC, and the presence, or no presence, of SAA and Hp, based on the detection limits of the screening methods (0·3 mg/l and 1·0 mg/l for SAA and Hp, respectively). Hp and SAA were found in milk at quarter, cow composite and bulk tank levels. A large proportion (53%) of the animals had detectable milk concentrations of APP, and SAA was detected more frequently, and at higher concentrations than Hp, regardless of sample type. SAA was detected in as many as 82% of the bulk tank milk samples. Significant relationships were found between Hp, SAA and SCC at quarter and cow composite milk levels, but only between SAA and SCC at bulk tank milk level. Detectable levels of APP were more common at high SCC.

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Serum acute phase proteins in Dirofilaria immitis and Wolbachia seropositive cats

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery ◽

10.1177/1098612x15625435 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 19 (6) ◽

pp. 693-696 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Ana C Silvestre-Ferreira ◽

Lisete Vieira ◽

Hugo Vilhena ◽

Jose J Cerón ◽

Asta Tvarijonaviciute ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acute Phase ◽

Dirofilaria Immitis ◽

Serum Amyloid A ◽

Acute Phase Proteins ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Serum Amyloid ◽

Amyloid A ◽

Antibody Titres

Objectives The aim of this study was to characterise the response of acute phase proteins (APPs) in cats seropositive for Dirofilaria immitis and to its endosymbiont bacterium Wolbachia. Methods The APPs serum amyloid A (SAA), haptoglobin (Hp) and ceruloplasmin (Cp) were measured in 25 seropositive cats and in 16 healthy seronegative cats. Results SAA and Cp concentrations were significantly higher in animals with D immitis seropositivity that exhibited clinical signs related to the disease, and Hp was elevated in all D immitis-seropositive animals. There was no significant correlation between APPs and D immitis or Wolbachia species antibody titres. Conclusions and relevance An association between feline seropositivity to D immitis and APP response was demonstrated. Increases in serum SAA and Cp concentrations were related to D immitis-associated clinical signs, whereas Hp increased in all seropositive animals.

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Concentration of serum amyloid A and ceruloplasmin activity in milk from cows with subclinical mastitis caused by different pathogens

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences ◽

10.2478/v10181-011-0149-x ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 291-296 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

M. Szczubiał ◽

R. Dąbrowski ◽

M. Kankofer ◽

M. Bochniarz ◽

M. Komar

Keyword(s):

Serum Amyloid A ◽

Subclinical Mastitis ◽

Serum Amyloid ◽

Cow Milk ◽

Elisa Kit ◽

Amyloid A ◽

Milk Samples ◽

Ceruloplasmin Activity

Concentration of serum amyloid A and ceruloplasmin activity in milk from cows with subclinical mastitis caused by different pathogensThe aim of the present study was to determine the concentration of serum amyloid A (SAA) and the activity of ceruloplasmin (Cp) in milk from cows with subclinical mastitis caused by different pathogens. Eighty-four milk samples from cows with subclinical mastitis and fourteen milk samples from healthy cows were examined. SAA concentration was determined using the commercial ELISA kit (Tridelta Development Ltd., Greystones, Wicklow, Ireland). Cp activity was assessed spectrophotometrically, using the Rice method. The results reveal that the concentration of SAA (with exception of CNS) and activity of Cp in cow milk can be regarded as markers of subclinical mastitis, irrespective of the microorganism inducing the disease. In conclusion, measurement of SAA and Cp in milk samples could be a useful method in diagnosing subclinical mastitis in cows, but the method should be adapted for field use.

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Haptoglobin and serum amyloid A in milk from dairy cows with chronic sub-clinical mastitis

Veterinary Research ◽

10.1051/vetres:2004063 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 191-198 ◽

Cited By ~ 59

Author(s):

Ulrika Gr�nlund ◽

Charlotte Hall�n Sandgren ◽

Karin Persson Waller

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Serum Amyloid A ◽

Clinical Mastitis ◽

Serum Amyloid ◽

Amyloid A

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Pharmacological Therapy of 141 Client-Owned Cats with Feline Infectious Peritonitis with Mutian ® Xraphconn Adenosine Nucleoside Analogue and Prognostic Prediction of Their Clinical Outcomes

10.21203/rs.3.rs-690208/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Masato Katayama ◽

Yukina Uemura

Keyword(s):

Serum Amyloid A ◽

Total Bilirubin ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Serum Amyloid ◽

Recurrent Fever ◽

Viral Gene ◽

Viral Agent ◽

Feline Infectious Peritonitis ◽

Amyloid A ◽

G Ratio

Abstract Background: Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is a fatal disease caused by feline coronavirus or its mutated pathogen designated as FIP virus. The most common form of FIP is wet or effusive, with non- regenerative anemia and clinical signs of mainly non-specific, such as recurrent fever, anorexia and weight loss. Recently, promising results using new anti-viral drug for treating cats with FIP were observed, but identification of rescuable FIP has been still challenging. It is highly worth to identify infected cats possible to be saved by such an anti-viral agent.Methods: At the initial veterinarian’s examination, owner inquiry-based signalments, viral gene detection by PCR and representative laboratory tests for diagnosis of FIP including hematocrit, A to G ratio, total bilirubin, serum amyloid-A and α1-acid globulin of 141 cats with effusive FIP were compared with those of 28 non-FIP disease cats. Consequently, 116 of them were rescued by administration of anti-viral drug Mutian X and the residual 25 were deceased unfortunately under treatments. Clinical and laboratory indicators observed prior to initial medication were also evaluated statistically between survived and non-survived groups.Results: Expectedly, levels for a few items of signalments (appetitive and activity scores), hematocrit, A to G ratio, total bilirubin, serum amyloid-A, α1-acid globulin and viral gene were found to be distributed distinctively between 141 FIP and 28 non-FIP cats. In the comparison between survived and non-survived FIP cats, most of their parameters including levels for hematocrit, A to G ratio, serum amyloid-A, α1-acid globulin and viral gene were not statistically different. Interestingly, total bilirubin concentrations of survived FIP cats were declined significantly than those of non-survived, and similarly, body temperatures, appetitive and activity scores appeared to be higher probably in accordance with their physical condition.Conclusions: Several clinical and laboratory indicators were informative in diagnosis of effusive FIP. We have investigated that one of the quantitative markers, total bilirubin levels, tend to be distributed characteristically in rescuable cats with effusive FIP. Elevated levels of total bilirubin may be a prognostic risk factor for severe FIP, predicting no clinical benefit obtained by using Mutian X as a therapeutic agent.

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The Effect of Storage Temperature and Time on the Concentrations of Bovine Serum Amyloid A and Its Mammary Associated Isoform

Veterinary Medicine International ◽

10.1155/2012/861458 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Csilla Tóthová ◽

Oskar Nagy ◽

Herbert Seidel ◽

Gabriel Kováč

Keyword(s):

Blood Serum ◽

Dairy Cows ◽

Serum Amyloid A ◽

Storage Temperature ◽

Acute Phase Protein ◽

Serum Amyloid ◽

Amyloid A ◽

Milk Samples ◽

Phase Protein ◽

Protein Serum

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of storage under various conditions on the concentrations of major bovine acute phase protein—serum amyloid A, and its mammary isoform. Blood samples were taken from seven clinically healthy calves, and milk samples from six clinically healthy dairy cows. The harvested blood serum and the milk samples were fractioned into aliquots. One aliquot was analyzed on the day of collection without storage. The second aliquots were stored at 4°C for 1 day, the remaining aliquots were kept frozen at −18°C for 2, 7, 14, and 21 days, and then analyzed. Blood serum was analyzed for serum amyloid A (SAA). The concentrations of mammary isoform of SAA (M-SAA) were measured in milk samples. Over time, the concentrations of SAA in serum showed a tendency of significant decrease during storage at −18°C (P<0.01). Similarly, the values of M-SAA decreased significantly in samples maintained at freezer temperatures (P<0.001). In the refrigerated samples, we found non-significantly lower values of SAA, as well as M-SAA. Presented results indicate that the storage temperature and duration may markedly affect the concentrations of bovine SAA and M-SAA.

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Interrelationship between Somatic Cell Count and Acute Phase Proteins in Serum and Milk of Dairy Cows

Acta Veterinaria Brno ◽

10.2754/avb200776010051 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 76 (1) ◽

pp. 51-57 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

G. Kováč ◽

M. Popelková ◽

Ľ. Tkáčiková ◽

O. Burdová ◽

O. Ihnát

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Somatic Cell ◽

Cell Count ◽

Acute Phase ◽

Somatic Cell Count ◽

Serum Amyloid A ◽

Acute Phase Proteins ◽

Serum Amyloid ◽

Amyloid A ◽

Milk Samples

The aim of the present study was to compare the concentrations of two acute phase proteins, haptoglobin (Hp) and serum amyloid A (SAA), in serum and milk of Holstein-Friesian dairy cows grouped according to somatic cell count thresholds (< 100,000 < 400,000 < 400,000 cells/ml) in composite milk samples. The SCC was assessed quantitatively by FOSSOMATIC 90 analyser; serum and milk Hp and SAA concentrations were determined using commercial ELISA kits (Tridelta Development, Ltd., Wicklow, Ireland). We have found a significantly higher Hp and SAA concentrations in the group with SCC > 400,000 cells/ml compared to groups with lower SCC thresholds in composite milk samples. In contrast, significant differences were not demonstrated between the groups in Hp and SAA concentrations determined in serum. The concentrations of Hp in serum and milk were found to be correlated (r = 0.69, P = 0.0003), whereas there was a lower correlation trend in the case of serum versus milk concentrations of SAA (r = 0.43, P = 0.0478). High significant correlations were observed either between milk haptoglobin values and SCC or milk serum amyloid A concentrations and SCC (r = 0.83, r = 0.81, P < 0.0001; respectively). An increase in SCC in cows suffering from mastitis has been accompanied by strong elevation of the milk Hp and SAA, significantly correlated with serum Hp (r = 0.64, P = 0.0014) and poorly correlated with SAA values determined in serum (r = 0.43, P = 0.0478). According to the results obtained in this study we can conclude that measurements of the acute phase proteins, haptoglobin and serum amyloid A predominantly in milk, may be a useful tool in diagnosing mastitis and may be a useful marker of milk quality.

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