scholarly journals Seventh International Meeting of the European Laboratory Working Group on Diphtheria - Vienna, June 2002

2003 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 189-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Kelly ◽  
A Efstratiou ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Working Group ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
International Meeting ◽  
Surveillance Network ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Accession Countries ◽  
European Laboratory ◽  
Independent States

The Seventh International Meeting of the European Laboratory Working Group on Diphtheria (ELWGD) was held in Vienna, Austria in June 2002 and brought together the microbiologists and epidemiologists responsible for diphtheria in many countries throughout the world. The ELWGD was formed in 1993 in response to the epidemics of diphtheria in Russia and the Newly Independent States (NIS) of the former Soviet Union (1,2). These epidemics, and others elsewhere, highlighted the importance of strengthening and maintaining both epidemiological surveillance and reliable laboratory screening. Since December 2001, these areas have been progressed and strengthened by European Commission (EC) funding to undertake a feasibility study for diphtheria surveillance amongst European Union (EU) member states and accession countries, and to establish a definitive and official European diphtheria surveillance network called DIPNET (EC DG SANCO Agreement No. S12.324473 (2001 CVG4-012)). This was the first international meeting of the ELWGD to be organised and funded under the auspice of the DIPNET (European Diphtheria Surveillance Network).

scholarly journals Eighth International Meeting of the European Laboratory Working Group on Diphtheria and the Diphtheria Surveillance Network - June 2004: Progress is needed to sustain control of diphtheria in European Region

2004 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 13-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
A De Zoysa ◽  
A Efstratiou ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Working Group ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
European Region ◽  
Immunisation Coverage ◽  
International Meeting ◽  
Surveillance Network ◽  
Regional Office ◽  
European Laboratory ◽  
Microbiological Aspects

The Eighth International Meeting of the European Laboratory Working Group on Diphtheria (ELWGD) and the Diphtheria Surveillance Network (DIPNET) was held and co-organised with the WHO Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark, in June 2004. This article provides an international updated review of progress in clinical, epidemiological and microbiological aspects of diphtheria in the European region as presented at the meeting. It highlights the need for improved immunisation coverage, surveillance and epidemiological studies to sustain control of diphtheria in European Region.

scholarly journals DIPNET – establishment of a dedicated surveillance network for diphtheria in Europe

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 9-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Neal ◽  
A Efstratiou ◽  
on behalf of DIPNET
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Network ◽  
International Meeting ◽  
Surveillance Network ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Specific Objective ◽  
European Laboratory ◽  
Microbiological Aspects

The ninth international meeting of the European Laboratory Working Group on Diphtheria (ELWGD) and the first annual meeting of the Diphtheria Surveillance Network (DIPNET) was held in Vouliagmeni, Greece, in November 2006. The recognition of DIPNET as an established Dedicated Surveillance Network (DSN) by the European Commission (EC) was announced, with the specific objective ""to establish a Pan-European network of expertise for the prevention of diphtheria and other related infections"". At the meeting, DIPNET participants from the European Union (EU) Member States and associated countries as well as collaborators from countries beyond EU presented the current situation concerning the clinical, epidemiological and microbiological aspects of diphtheria and related infections. Issues highlighted included the need for improving surveillance systems, supporting laboratory diagnostics globally, and undertaking screening and seroepidemiological studies to sustain diphtheria control in the WHO European Region and beyond.

scholarly journals Epidemics of syphilis in the newly independent states of the former Soviet Union

1998 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Renton ◽  
K. K. Borisenko ◽  
A. Meheus ◽  
A. Gromyko
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Independent States ◽  
Newly Independent States

Development of Industrial and Commercial Management in Central and Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union

1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-114
Author(s):  
John Churcher ◽  
Patricia Worgan
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Management Training ◽  
Independent States ◽  
Training Courses ◽  
Training Programmes ◽  
The University ◽  
Uk Higher Education

UK higher education, in partnership with UK industry, contributes positively to the training of managers and entrepreneurs from Central and Eastern Europe (CEE), the New Independent States and Russia. Since 1992, the University of Luton has delivered management training courses in CEE and the former Soviet Union (FSU), developing expertise to assist both UK companies and CEE/FSU managers to understand the different attitudes and experiences that will help to overcome potential partnership problems and encourage East-West industries to take full advantage of the increasing trading opportunities. This case study analyses the management training programmes, and details pre- and post-training insights.

A comparative analysis on energy subsidies in Soviet and Russian policy

2011 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stacy Closson
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Eastern Bloc ◽  
Economic Assistance ◽  
Trading Patterns ◽  
Mutual Economic Assistance ◽  
Intent To Use ◽  
Independent States ◽  
Newly Independent States

Russia’s recent intent to use gas supplies to influence the former Soviet Union Republics, and now New Independent States (NIS), has mirrored that of the Soviet’s handling of hydrocarbon supplies to the Eastern bloc, or the Council on Mutual Economic Assistance (CMEA). This paper explores the historical and unique conditions in making a comparison of energy trading patterns in the 1970s and 2000s. In the end, by comparing ‘then’ and ‘now’, we see a pattern of negative repercussions when the energy card is employed. This study employs a within case study cross-temporal comparative framework and asks: why would Russia transfer a failed policy of subsidies onto its newly independent states?

scholarly journals Mechanisms of public administration in post-soviet societies

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (S2) ◽  
pp. 354-365
Author(s):  
Sergii A. Vavreniuk ◽  
Oleksandr M. Nepomnyashchyy ◽  
Oleksandra A. Marusheva ◽  
Iryna A. Lahunova ◽  
Svitlana M. Shostak
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Current State ◽  
Independent States ◽  
Modernization Process ◽  
Former Ussr ◽  
Newly Independent States

This article focuses on the problem of public administration in the countries of the former Soviet Union. It reveals the economic development issues of the states of the post-Soviet space, considers the main common and distinctive features for the newly independent states. The central problem raised in the article is the determination of the current state of the modernization process in post-Soviet societies. The author assumes the presence of demodernization and presents an argument in confirming his opinion. In addition, the article reveals the issues of the modern political state of such countries of the former USSR as Russia, Ukraine and Uzbekistan. The author traces the process of demodernization and dependence of political and social development on the governing elitist groups, leading to authoritarianism as opposed to the supposed democracy and modernization.

scholarly journals State and Nation Building Policies and the New Trends in Migration in the Former Soviet Union

2003 ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Andrei Korobkov
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
The Political ◽  
Democratic Transitions ◽  
Federal States ◽  
Cultural Heterogeneity ◽  
Market Economic ◽  
Independent States ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Newly Independent States

Democratic transitions are especially complex in federal states and countries with multinational populations and compact, ethnic minority settlements; the increasing ethnic, linguistic, religious, and cultural heterogeneity of a society complicates the achievement of political compromises. In this sense, the post-Soviet newly independent states (NIS) face an especially complex transition pattern. Roman Szporluk, for example, enumerates three different transformations: the dissolution of the imperial structure and the resulting formation of independent states, the transition from a centralized to a market economic system, and the transition from authoritarianism to (at least ideally) a political democracy, with all three "combined or fused in the chaotic and extremely difficult process of formation and transformation of states and nations. " Thus the transition in the NIS is marked by simultaneous developments in the political, economic, social, religious, ideological, and cultural spheres, including the creation or re-creation of ethnic and other identities.

Environment in the Transition towards Market Economies: An Overview of Trends in Central and Eastern Europe and the New Independent States of the Former Soviet Union

10.1068/b2658 ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony Zamparutti ◽  
Brendan Gillespie
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Economic Production ◽  
Environmental Objectives ◽  
Action Programme ◽  
Independent States ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
New Independent States

The 1993 Environmental Action Programme for Central and Eastern Europe presented a series of recommendations for integrating environmental objectives into the process of economic and democratic reform in Central and Eastern European countries (CEEC) and the New Independent States of the former Soviet Union (NIS). In this paper, on the basis of findings of a recent OECD study, we look at progress across the region in light of these recommendations. In several CEEC, there has been a synergy among economic reforms, democratic development, and environmental improvement. These countries have seen important improvements in environmental conditions but now face a variety of challenges, many tied to the process of accession to the EU and the need to deepen integration between environment and sectoral policies, such as those for agriculture and transport. In other countries, and in particular many NIS, pollution reductions have mainly resulted from declines in economic production. Many of these countries face ongoing crisis in terms of establishing economic reform, stable societies, and environmental protection. In several areas of the former Soviet Union, environmental problems—in particular poor access to safe drinking water—pose serious threats to human health. Addressing these problems presents a difficult challenge both for national governments and for international cooperation agencies.

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