scholarly journals Features of the influence of chemical plant protection products on the dynamics of nutrients in plants, their chemical composition and conditions of development

2018 ◽  
pp. 37-40
Author(s):  
Yu.Ya. Spiridonov ◽  
◽  
N.I. Budynkov ◽  
I.I. Dudkin ◽  
N.I. Strizhkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Chemical Plant

scholarly journals Rationale for the Choice of a Positioning System for Mobile Agricultural Robot Movement Controlling

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
A. V. Teterev
Keyword(s):  
Information Exchange ◽  
Information Transfer ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Chemical Plant ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Positioning Error ◽  
Robotic Device ◽  
Positioning Accuracy ◽  
Positioning Systems

A correctly selected positioning system for controlling the mobile robotic means movement ensures high positioning accuracy of the robotic platform in the garden, allows to automate precise operations in the garden and systematize route planning algorithms.(Research purpose) To substantiate the rational choice of a positioning system for controlling the mobile robotic device movement.(Materials and methods) The author formulated requirements for the positioning system to perform precise operations in the garden: mechanized collection of fruits and berries, diff erentiated application of fertilizers and chemical plant protection products. The main ones were: the positioning error was no more than 5 centimetres, the stability of information transfer to the server for building traffi c maps, the movement of a robotic device along a given trajectory, equipping beacons with a mobile power source with a capacity of at least 800 milliampere-hour, information exchange between the beacon and the built-in robotic means with a microprocessor controller according to the RS-485 standard, the signal coverage area was at least 100 square meter.(Results and discussion) The six most relevant positioning systems of the following manufacturers were described: RealTrac, Rusoft CKT, Neomatic, ISBC, Avtosensor, Marvelmind. The author compared their technical and operational parameters: operating frequencies, range, data transfer interface, location accuracy and cost of ready-made kits. He showed that Marvelmind provided uninterrupted operation at frequencies of 433 and 915 megahertz with a positioning error of no more than 2 centimetres. The tests were carried out on a small robotic vehicle with the following characteristics: maximum transport speed – 30 kilometre per hour, operating weight – 500 kilograms, length 2 metres, width – 1.2 metres, height – 1.6 metres.(Conclusions) The author substantiated the choice of the most suitable and aff ordable Marvelmind positioning system and experimentally confi rmed the positioning accuracy declared by the manufacturer. When driving in a loop-free and looped turn, the positioning accuracy did not exceed 1.5 centimetres, which met the agrotechnical requirements for mechanized collection of fruits and berries, for diff erentiated application of fertilizers and chemical plant protection products

scholarly journals Hygienic evaluation of the most common methods of agricultural crops treatment with chemical protection products (literature review)

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
А.А. Borysenko ◽  
А.М. Antonenko ◽  
B.I. Shpak ◽  
S.Т. Omelchuk ◽  
V.G. Bardov
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Chemical Plant ◽  
Rational Approach ◽  
Biological Efficiency ◽  
Pesticide Application ◽  
Hazard Class ◽  
Safety Control

Global strategies, including application of chemical plant protection products, are important in the cultivation of safe corps and preservation of human health. A promising area of preventive medicine, agronomy, agroecology and agroengineering is the optimization of methods of pesticide formulations application. The aim of the work was a hygienic assessment of the most common and latest methods of crops treatment with chemical pesticides. Results. The biological effectiveness of different types of pesticides is achieved by different application rates of the working solution. The most common method of pesticide application is spraying, which ensures the application of pesticides in the drop-liquid state and is characterized by low consumption of active substance per unit area, variable-controlled distribution on the treatment surface, provides good adhesion and retention on facilities, allows the use of combined formulations. One of the most effective ways to minimize the negative impact of chemical plant protection products and achieve economic success is a rational approach to the choice of pesticide application, as it takes into account the hazard class of pesticides, the presence of water protection zones, the sensitivity of target crops, etc. Conclusion. Rational application of pesticides includes minimizing the overall effect of pesticides on human health and the environment and achieving high-targeted biological efficiency. Adherence to the methodology of choosing the type of pesticide application and selection of the type of spray is a key point in optimizing the rational use of chemical plant protection products, which requires a detailed study from the standpoint of both efficiency and safety. Control over compliance with the recommendations should be included in sanitary-hygienic and sanitary-ecological monitoring.

Efficacy of chemical plant protection products on potato in Ukraine

EPPO Bulletin ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 455-457
Author(s):  
Yu. A. MALAKHANOV ◽  
P. A. MEL'NIK
Keyword(s):  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Chemical Plant

scholarly journals Environmental Problems of the Agricultural Sector in Azerbaijan

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 170-173
Author(s):  
E. Aslanova
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Chemical Plant ◽  
Plant Pests

The article deals with the issues of soil chemicalization in the fight against plant pests. The results of the analysis of the application of existing technologies are analyzed. A developed and patented method is proposed, which provides for the collection of pollutants into special furrows that promote the targeted action of chemicals. the reasons were identified that create a problem in the introduction of chemical plant protection products.

scholarly journals Обзор фауны мух тахин виноградных агроценозов Дагестана

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Б. Мисриева ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Chemical Plant ◽  
Protection System ◽  
Morphological Description ◽  
Intensive Use ◽  
Faunal Studies ◽  
Original Drawings

In the context of the intensive use of chemical plant protection products, the issue of ecologization is acute. The concept of environmental protection of grapes, as the most pesticidal crop, is based on the principles of managing the phytosanitary state of agrocenoses as a whole. At the same time, entomophages play a key role in the formation of a balanced self-regulating ecosystem. The development and application of the so-called biorational technologies with the predominant use of safe ecologically “soft” chemical plant protection products in the grape protection system is a prerequisite for activating a useful entomofauna. The targeted effect on the entomophage populations is based on phytosanitary monitoring, on their integration with pesticides. The article presents the results of many years of faunal studies of grape agrobiocenoses, reveals the most effective mechanisms for the regulation of dangerous bunching leaves and cotton scoops. Based on the original drawings, a morphological description of the most common species of tachy flies is given - Elodia tragica Mg., Pseudoperichaeta insidiosa, Tawnsendiellomyia nidicola.

scholarly journals The effect of selected fungicides on the chemical composition of strawberry fruits and contamination with dithiocarbamate residues

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-132
Author(s):  
Karol Wysocki ◽  
Tadeusz Banaszkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Grey Mold

ABSTRACT In a four-year field experiment, fenhexamid, iprodione, pyrimethanil and thiram were applied in four different series as fungicides recommended for the control of grey mold (Botrytis cinerea) in strawberries. The plant protection products had no significant effect on the chemical composition of strawberry fruits of the Kent and Senga Sengana cultivars with the exception of an increase in the vitamin C level in ‘Kent’ strawberries. They also contributed to minor variations in the content of extract, total sugars, organic acids, polyphenols and anthocyanins. Dithiocarbamate residues were detected in all samples from the first harvest of strawberries that had been treated with the thiram fungicide

scholarly journals Effect of plant protection on assemblages of carabid beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) in beetroot crops in four-year rotation

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Kosewska ◽  
Katarzyna Nijak ◽  
Mariusz Nietupski ◽  
Renata Kędzior
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Ground Beetle ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Ground Beetles ◽  
Chemical Plant ◽  
Carabid Beetles ◽  
Arable Fields ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Impact

Ground beetles (Col., Carabidae) are common predators in agrocenoses. A number of plant pests occurring on arable fields become their feed. Therefore, they contribute to a natural reduction of the occurrence of pests. In addition, they are well-known bioindicators used, among others to determine the state of the habitats and the impact of human activity on entomofauna. In the fields, the use of chemical plant protection products is a very controversial activity. The aim of the study was to investigate assemblages of ground beetles occupying conventional and organic sugar beetroot crops. Therefore, to determine the impact of the application of pesticides on the assemblages of these useful beetles was made. The study was conducted at the Agricultural Experimental Station in Winna Góra near Środa Wielkopolska in Poland from May till September of 2004, 2008, 2012 and 2016. The experiment was carried out in the field with organic crop of sugar beet, and in the crop, for which an integrated plant protection programme was planned. The area of each field was 0.5 ha. Modified Barber traps were used to catch insects. On each of the selected fields 10 pitfalls were set up, which were emptied every 14 days. Within 4 years of the study a total of 11865 specimens belonging to 52 ground beetle species were recorded. 5582 specimens belonging to 50 species and 6283 specimens belonging to 46 species were caught in the fields under chemical protection and organic, respectively. On a multiannual scale, there were no statistically significant differences in the number of individuals and species of Carabidae on conventional and organic fields. Fluctuation in ground beetles abundance and species richness were observed dependent on the year of study but not of the treatment. Harpalus rufipes was the most represented species in all fields. The main conclusion is that using chemical plant protection on a multiannual scale does not adversely affect the number and species richness of ground beetles.

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