scholarly journals TA Treatment of Depression - A Hermeneutic Single-Case Efficacy Design Study - ‘Linda’ - a mixed outcome case

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Widdowson
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Mild Depression ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
Case Comparison

Hermeneutic Single-Case EfficacyDesign (HSCED) is a systematic case study research method involving the cross-examination of mixed method data to generate both plausible arguments that the client changed due to therapy and alternative explanations. The present study is the fourth article of a case series which has investigated the process and outcome of transactional analysis psychotherapy using Hermeneutic Single-Case Efficacy Design (Elliott 2002). The client, Linda, was a 45 yearold white British woman with mild depression who attended nine sessions of therapy. The conclusion of the judges was that this was a mixed-outcome case:whilst the client improved over the course of therapy and was positive about her experience of therapy, her changes did not last when she experienced considerable stressful events during follow-up. Linda provided a detailed and idiosyncratic description of the aspects of the therapy which were most helpful for her. A cross-case comparison with other cases in this series suggests several interesting features which are worthy of further investigation. Specifically, the use of a shared theoretical framework and an egalitarian therapeutic relationship were helpful. As with other cases in this series, the client experienced positive changes in her interpersonal relationships suggesting that this outcome of TA therapy warrants further investigation

scholarly journals TA Treatment of Depression: A Hermeneutic Single-Case Efficacy Design Study - ‘Penelope’

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Benelli ◽  
Francesco Scottà ◽  
Serena Barreca ◽  
Arianna Palmieri ◽  
Vincenzo Calvo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Case ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Mild Depression ◽  
Qualitative Evidence ◽  
Treatment Of Depression

This study is the second of a series of three, and represents an Italian replication of a previous UK -based case series (Widdowson 2012a, 2012b, 2012c, 2013) that investigated the effectiveness of a recently manualised transactional analysis treatment for depression with British clients, using Hermeneutic Single-Case Efficacy Design (HSCED). The various stages of HSCED as a systematic case study research method are described, as a quasi-judicial method to sift case evidence in which researchers construct opposing arguments around multiple sources of quantitative and qualitative evidence and judges evaluate these to conclude whether the client changed substantially over the course of therapy, and whether the outcome was attributable to the therapy. The therapist in this case was a white Italian man in the third year of training to become a psychotherapist, and the client, Penelope, was a 45-year old white Italian woman with mild depression and anxiety. The conclusion of the judges was that this was a mixed-outcome case: the client improved some aspects of her problems, without obtaining a complete and stable remission. Interestingly, this case presents a minimal correlation between empirical and proxy-rated indexes of depression and anxiety and answers to self reported questionnaires, raising the question of validity of self report measures with specific typology of client. 

scholarly journals TA Treatment of Depression: A Hermeneutic Single-Case Efficacy Design Study - ‘Luisa’

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Benelli ◽  
Desiree Boschetti ◽  
Cristina Piccirillo ◽  
Laura Quagliotti ◽  
Vincenzo Calvo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Case ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Adjustment Disorder ◽  
The Third ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Italian Woman ◽  
Moderate Depression ◽  
Treatment Of Depression

This study is the third of a series of three, and represents an Italian systematic replication of previous UK findings (Widdowson 2012a, 2012b, 2012c, 2013) that investigated the effectiveness of a recently manualised transactional analysis treatment for depression with British clients, using Hermeneutic Single-Case Efficacy Design (HSCED). The various stages of HSCED as a systematic case study research method are described, as a quasi-judicial method to sift case evidence in which researchers construct opposing arguments around quantitative and qualitative multiple source evidences and judges evaluate these for and against propositions to conclude whether the client changed substantially over the course of therapy and that the outcome was attributable to the therapy. The therapist in this case was a white Italian woman with 10 years clinical experience and the client, Luisa, was a 65-year old white Italian woman who attended sixteen sessions of TA therapy. Luisa satisfied DSM-5 criteria for severe adjustment disorder, with moderate depression and mixed deflected humour and anxiety, for which she had been taking medications and homeopathic treatments for over a year. The conclusion of the judges was that this was a good-outcome case: the client improved over the course of the therapy, reported a positive experience of therapy and maintained this improvement at the end of the follow-up.

scholarly journals TA Treatment of Depression: A Hermeneutic Single-Case Efficacy Design Study - ‘Sara’

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Benelli ◽  
Barbara Revello ◽  
Cristina Piccirillo ◽  
Marco Mazzetti ◽  
Vincenzo Calvo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Transactional Analysis ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Italian Woman ◽  
Moderate Depression ◽  
Treatment Of Depression

This study is the first of a series of three, and represents an Italian systematic replication of previous UK findings (Widdowson 2012a, 2012b, 2012c, 2013) that investigated the effectiveness of a recently manualised transactional analysis treatment for depression with British clients, using Hermeneutic Single-Case Efficacy Design (HSCED). The various stages of HSCED as a systematic case study research method are described, as a quasi-judicial method to sift case evidence in which researchers construct opposing arguments around quantitative and qualitative multiple source evidences and judges evaluate these for and against propositions to conclude whether the client changed substantially over the course of therapy and that the outcome was attributable to the therapy. The therapist in this case was a white Italian woman with 10 years clinical experience and the client, Sara, was a 62-year old white Italian woman with moderate depression and three recent bereavements, who attended sixteen sessions of transactional analysis therapy. The diagnosis is based on the new DSM-5 criteria that allow differentiation between Depression and Bereavement. The conclusion of the judges was that this was a good-outcome case: the client improved early over the course of the therapy, reported positive experience of therapy and maintained the improvement at the end of the follow-up.

scholarly journals TA Treatment of Depression - A Hermeneutic Single-Case Efficacy Design Study - ‘Tom’

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Widdowson
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Method ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Positive Outcome ◽  
Therapy Process ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Moderate Depression ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
Key Aspects

Hermeneutic Single-Case Efficacy Design (HSCED) is a systematic case study research method involving the cross-examination of mixed method data to generate both plausible arguments that the client changed due to therapy and alternative explanations. The present study uses HSCED to investigate the outcome of short-term TA psychotherapy with a man with moderate depression and comorbid social anxiety The objective of the research was to investigate the effectiveness of short-term TA therapy for the treatment of depression and to explore and identify key aspects of the TA therapy process and associated factors promoting change amongst effective cases. To enhance rigour and address potential for researcher allegiance, indep-endent psychotherapy researchers have adjudicated the case and offer a verdict on outcome. The majority verdict of two judges in this case was that this was a positive outcome case and that the client had changed substantially and that these changes were substantially due to the effects of therapy. The third judge’s conclusion was that this was a mixed outcome case, and that the client had changed considerably and that this had been considerably due to therapy.This is the 3rd case reported on and additional rigour was introduced into the HSCED approach in the same way as reported in the accompanying paper about the 2nd case. (IJTAR 3:2, 3-14)

scholarly journals TA Treatment of Depression: A Hermeneutic Single-Case Efficacy Design Study - ‘Deborah’

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Benelli ◽  
Maddalena Bergamaschi ◽  
Cristina Capoferri ◽  
Stefano Morena ◽  
Vincenzo Calvo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Subthreshold Depression ◽  
Transactional Analysis ◽  
The Third ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
Previous Series

This study is the third of a series of seven, and belongs to the second Italian systematic replication of findings from two previous series (Widdowson 2012a, 2012b, 2012c, 2013; Benelli, 2016a, 2016b, 2016c) that investigated the effectiveness of a manualised transactional analysis treatment for depression through Hermeneutic Single-Case Efficacy Design (HSCED). Major Depression and Subthreshold Depression are often in comorbidity with Anxiety disorders in childhood and adolescence and represent a risk factor for ongoing mental health problems in adulthood. The therapist was a white Italian woman with 15 years of clinical experience and the client, Deborah, was a 15-year old white Italian female adoloscent who attended sixteen sessions of transactional analysis psychotherapy. The conclusion of the judges was that this was a good-outcome case: the depressive and anxious symptomatology clinically and reliably improved over the course of the therapy and these improvements were maintained throughout the duration of the follow-up intervals. Furthermore, the client reported significant change in her post-treatment interview and these changes were directly attributed to the therapy. In this case study, the transactional analysis manualised treatment for depression in adulthood has demonstrated its effectiveness also in treating depressive and anxiety symptoms in adolescence.

scholarly journals TA Treatment of Depression: A Hermeneutic Single-Case Efficacy Design Study - ‘Anna’

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Benelli ◽  
Emanuela Moretti ◽  
Giorgio Cristiano Cavallero ◽  
Giovanni Greco ◽  
Vincenzo Calvo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Transactional Analysis ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Italian Woman ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
Interpersonal Patterns ◽  
Persistent Depressive Disorder

This study is the first of a series of seven, and belongs to the second Italian systematic replication of findings from two previous series (Widdowson 2012a, 2012b, 2012c, 2013; Benelli, 2016a, 2016b, 2016c) that investigated the effectiveness of a manualised transactional analysis treatment for depression through Hermeneutic Single-Case Efficacy Design (HSCED). The therapist was a white Italian woman with 8 years of clinical experience and the client, Anna, was a 33-year old white Italian woman who attended 16 sessions of transactional analysis psychotherapy. Anna satisfied DSM-5 criteria for mild persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia) with anxious distress. The conclusion of the judges was that this was a good-outcome case: the dysthymic symptoms improved over the course of the therapy and were maintained in the ‘healthy’ range at the 6-month follow-up, the client reported a positive experience of the therapy and described important changes in intrapsychic and interpersonal patterns. In this case study, transactional analysis treatment for depression has proven its efficacy in treating persistent depressive disorder.

scholarly journals TA Treatment of Depression - A Hermeneutic Single-Case Efficacy Design Study - ‘Denise’

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Widdowson
Keyword(s):  
Single Case ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Reliable Change Index ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Standard Of Proof ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
Key Aspects

Hermeneutic Single-Case Efficacy Design (HSCED) is a systematic case study research method involving the cross-examination of mixed method data to generate both plausible arguments that the client changed due to therapy and alternative explanations. The present study uses HSCED to investigate the outcome of short-term TA psychotherapy with a woman with severe depression. The objective of the research was to investigate the effectiveness of short-term TA therapy for the treatment of depression and to explore and identify key aspects of the TA therapy process and associated factors promoting change amongst effective cases. To enhance rigour and to address potential for researcher allegiance, independent psychotherapy researchers have adjudicated the case and offer a verdict on outcome. The conclusion of the adjudicators is that the client changed substantially, and that these changes were substantially due to the effects of therapy.Additional rigour was introduced into the HSCED approach for this 2nd case through the use of a more stringent classification of change, an increased reliable change index score, a higher standard of proof, the use of two teams to develop the affirmative and sceptic cases, and the addition of a third judge.

scholarly journals TA Treatment of Depression - A Hermeneutic Single-Case Efficacy Design Study - „Peter‟

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Widdowson
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Method ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Therapy Process ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
Effect Of Therapy ◽  
Key Aspects

 Hermeneutic Single-Case Efficacy Design (HSCED) is a systematic case study research method involving the cross-examination of mixed method data to generate both plausible arguments that the client changed due to therapy and alternative explanations. The present study uses HSCED to investigate the outcome of short-term TA psychotherapy with a young man with severe depression. The objective of the research was to investigate the effectiveness of short-term TA therapy for the treatment of depression and to explore and identify key aspects of the TA therapy process and associated factors promoting change amongst effective cases. To enhance rigour and to address potential for researcher allegiance, independent psychotherapy researchers have adjudicated the case and offer a verdict on outcome. The conclusion of the adjudicators is that the client changed considerably-substantially, and that these changes were substantially due to the effect of therapy.

scholarly journals TA Treatment of Depression: A Hermeneutic Single-Case Efficacy Design Study - ‘Caterina’

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Benelli ◽  
Sara Filanti ◽  
Roberta Musso ◽  
Vincenzo Calvo ◽  
Stefania Mannarini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Transactional Analysis ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Italian Woman ◽  
Treatment Of Depression

This study is the second of a series of seven, and belongs to the second Italian systematic replication of findings from two previous series (Widdowson 2012a, 2012b, 2012c, 2013; Benelli, 2016a, 2016b, 2016c) that investigated the effectiveness of a manualised transactional analysis treatment for depression through Hermeneutic Single-Case Efficacy Design. The therapist was a white Italian woman with 10 years of clinical experience and the client, Caterina, was a 28-year old white Italian woman who attended 16 sessions of transactional analysis psychotherapy. Caterina satisfied DSM-5 criteria for major depressive disorder with generalized anxiety disorder. The conclusion of the judges was that this was an outstanding good-outcome case: the depressive symptoms showed an early clinical and reliable improvement, maintained till the 6 months follow-up, accompanied by reductions in anxiety symptoms, global distress and severity of personal problems. Adherence to the manualised treatment for depression appears good to excellent. In this case study, transactional analysis treatment for depression has proven its efficacy in treating major depressive disorder in comorbidity with anxiety disorder.

scholarly journals Can We Generalize from Case Studies?

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 152-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul F. Steinberg
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
Ceteris Paribus ◽  
Large N ◽  
Climate Change Politics ◽  
The Comparative Study

This article considers the role of generalization in comparative case studies, using as exemplars the contributions to this special issue on climate change politics. As a research practice, generalization is a logical argument for extending one’s claims beyond the data, positing a connection between events that were studied and those that were not. No methodological tradition is exempt from the requirement to demonstrate a compelling logic of generalization. The article presents a taxonomy of the logics of generalization underlying diverse research methodologies, which often go unstated and unexamined. I introduce the concept of resonance groups, which provide a causeway for cross-system generalization from single case studies. Overall the results suggest that in the comparative study of complex political systems, case study research is, ceteris paribus, on par with large-N research with respect to generalizability.

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