scholarly journals Impact of Dams on Groundwater Static Water Level Changes: a Case Study Kralkızı and Dicle Dam Watershed

2018 ◽  
pp. 119-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Recep ÇELİK
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Water Level Changes ◽  
Static Water ◽  
Static Water Level

scholarly journals The influence of long- and short-term volcanic strain on aquifer pressure: a case study from Soufrière Hills Volcano, Montserrat (W.I.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 223 (2) ◽  
pp. 1288-1303
Author(s):  
K Strehlow ◽  
J Gottsmann ◽  
A Rust ◽  
S Hautmann ◽  
B Hemmings
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Pore Pressure ◽  
Crustal Deformation ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Soufriere Hills Volcano ◽  
Soufrière Hills Volcano ◽  
Water Level Changes ◽  
Soufriere Hills

Summary Aquifers are poroelastic bodies that respond to strain by changes in pore pressure. Crustal deformation due to volcanic processes induces pore pressure variations that are mirrored in well water levels. Here, we investigate water level changes in the Belham valley on Montserrat over the course of 2 yr (2004–2006). Using finite element analysis, we simulate crustal deformation due to different volcanic strain sources and the dynamic poroelastic aquifer response. While some additional hydrological drivers cannot be excluded, we suggest that a poroelastic strain response of the aquifer system in the Belham valley is a possible explanation for the observed water level changes. According to our simulations, the shallow Belham aquifer responds to a steadily increasing sediment load due to repeated lahar sedimentation in the valley with rising aquifer pressures. A wholesale dome collapse in May 2006 on the other hand induced dilatational strain and thereby a short-term water level drop in a deeper-seated aquifer, which caused groundwater leakage from the Belham aquifer and thereby induced a delayed water level fall in the wells. The system thus responded to both gradual and rapid transient strain associated with the eruption of Soufrière Hills Volcano (Montserrat). This case study gives field evidence for theoretical predictions on volcanic drivers behind hydrological transients, demonstrating the potential of hydrological data for volcano monitoring. Interrogation of such data can provide valuable constraints on stress evolution in volcanic systems and therefore complement other monitoring systems. The presented models and inferred results are conceptually applicable to volcanic areas worldwide.

scholarly journals Instrumentation issues and problems in earth dams (Case Study; Shah Qasim Dam in Yasouj, Iran)

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (02) ◽  
pp. 737-745
Author(s):  
Amir Behshad
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Critical Conditions ◽  
Earth Dams ◽  
Water Level Changes ◽  
East Of Iran ◽  
Accurate Comparison ◽  
Safety And Stability ◽  
Over Time

Installation and monitoring of instrumentation is one of the practical methods for controlling safety and stability of earth dams. Piezometers existing in dam body and dam abutments are one of the various types of precision instruments used in dams, which indicate the height of water level in different parts of the dam. In order to evaluate the performance of piezometers of Shah Qasim Dam in Kohgiluyeh and Boyerahmad province (in south east of Iran), we compare water level changes in piezometer and water level changes in the dam lake over time. In this paper, the above mentioned dam is modelled using the SEEP/W software, then after imposing boundary conditions, water levels are computed at various points. For more accurate comparison, water level changes are plotted in transverse and longitudinal piezometers over time. The results of analysis indicate significant increase of permeability in vicinity of some piezometers. The piezometers BX4, BX14, BX13 and SP6, and the region near them, as well as piezometers SP24 and SP18 and their surrounding area, have critical conditions which should be inspected as soon as possible.

Investigation of Groundwater Flow Direction in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (12A) ◽  
pp. 1744-1750
Author(s):  
Francis J. OGBOZIGE ◽  
Michael A. Toko
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Flow Direction ◽  
Surface Elevation ◽  
Municipal Water Supply ◽  
Septic Tanks ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
Static Water ◽  
The City ◽  
Static Water Level

The lack of reliable municipal water supply in the city of Port Harcourt has led to indiscriminate drilling of boreholes by the residents however, the direction of groundwater flow within the entire city has not been established. Hence, the research investigated the flow direction of groundwater in the study area in order to understand the best location for siting septic tanks and dumpsites with respect to the position of the existing or proposed borehole. This was achieved by determining the hydraulic heads (Hh) of twenty boreholes evenly distributed within the city by subtracting the static water level (SWL) from the corresponding earth surface elevation (E) with the use of a GPS and dipmeter. Results revealed that the hydraulic heads ranged from 0.14 – 23.16m while the surface elevation and static water level lies between 1.93 – 39.33m and 1.79 – 17.27m respectively. The contour map of the hydraulic heads indicated that the groundwater flows towards the southern and south-western directions hence, the residents were advised to take into cognizance when sitting dumpsites, landfills, and septic tanks with respect to proposed or existing boreholes.

PNEUMATIC HAMMER SOIL VAPOR PROBES AND MINIATURE PIEZOMETERS FOR GASOLINE SPILL DELINEATION AND CLEANUP

1989 ◽  
Vol 1989 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
William B. Kerfoot ◽  
Jon R. Soderberg
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Flow Direction ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cape Cod ◽  
Pneumatic Hammer ◽  
Vapor Detection ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Static Water ◽  
Vapor Analysis ◽  
Static Water Level

ABSTRACT In a new twist on an old procedure, pneumatically injected miniature well points may change soil investigations much as nail guns have changed carpentry. Soil vapor analysis has increasingly gained attention as a means of locating and monitoring subsurface gasoline spills. Accurate depiction of the plume position requires reproducible vapor detection and monitoring. In addition, static water level needs to be determined to understand flow direction. Miniature aluminum slitted well points can be mass-produced by computer-aided production facilities to create low-cost identical copies about 10 cm in length. The small points can be inserted into shafts and injected into the ground. The shaft is then pulled back, leaving a flexible teflon or polypropylene tubing attached. A gasoline spill at Falmouth, Cape Cod, Massachusetts, provided an opportunity to test the use of the injected “shield” points. More than 40 vapor points were installed in two days during four transects across a product plume located 10 m below grade.

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