El marketing como estrategia para el desarrollo urbano y regional

El marketing puede brindar a una región variadas estrategias a través de la planeación urbana y territorial que potencie el mercado para sus recursos, la vocación del suelo y el capital humano de cara a un desarrollo para un bienestar social de los habitantes. Este es un término que ha tomado fuerza en el planeta. Actúa como un proceso que trae consigo beneficios y ventajas entre organizaciones o regiones que aún no se conocen. Ejemplos sobre su práctica está quedando demostrado en las decisiones gubernamentales y de los gremios económicos en América Latina y el Caribe, quienes tras la pandemia del COVID - 19, han recurrido a diferentes estrategias de marketing para reactivar las economías, los territorios y las diferentes actividades necesarias para la población. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo mostrar como la estrategia del marketing proporciona beneficios al desarrollo urbano y territorial con el posicionamiento de la marca de ciudad en los mercados y consumidores de bienes y servicios. Como herramienta estratégica se le puede sacar provecho desde la planificación organizacional de las regiones, como así mismo a los emprendimientos empresariales que aún no se ha explotado.

Calidad microbiológica y fisicoquímica del agua en cuatro lagos cráter del estado Puebla, México

Se realizó la calidad microbiológica del agua (CMA) de cuatro lagos cráter, Alchichica (ALCHI), Atexcac (ATx), La Preciosa (LPr) y Quechulac (QUE), de manera mensual durante un año. Se utilizaron protocolos para estimar coliformes totales (CT), coliformes fecales (CF), enterococos (ENT), E. coli, (E.coli +Rodococcus) y Clostridium perfringers. Se detectó a E. coli. en QUE, el más contaminado, seguido por ALCHI y LPr. El pH, OD y temperatura no variaron en el estudio. La salinidad fluctuó de 0 a 10.0 mgL-1. Utilizando la asociación con Rodococcus se estableció que ATx, LPr y ALCHI presentaron contaminación derivada del ganado, mientras QUE presentó contaminación fecal de origen humano. E. coli no subsiste en los Axalapascos, por lo que es alóctono al sistema y oportunista por las descargas fecales del ganado circundante debido a malas prácticas agropecuarias. Los niveles de contaminación microbiológica en los lagos cráter, superan la normatividad vigente para uso humano, agropecuario, de turismo.

Classification of difference-iterative algorithms

This article presents a general classification of difference-iterative algorithms (DIA) which are increasingly being used in microprocessor control systems for industrial, scientific, and technical objects. The classification is based on taking into account the features of the DIA structures (the method of organizing convergence, the order of generating the next increments of iterated quantities, cascading and interaction of several DIA, etc.). The objective of the presented DIA classification is to give microprocessor algorithmic software developers an orientation when choosing known algorithms and prospects when developing new DIA for a specific purpose.

Fibra de coco como aditivo de mejoramiento en la elaboración de bloques

La incorporación de la fibra de coco en los bloques elaborados en la ciudad de Bluefields, brindo información relevante durante la evaluación de sus propiedades físicas y mecánicas, esto a través de la interpretación de los datos obtenidos de los ensayos de comprensión que se hicieron en el Laboratorio Julio-Adolfo de la Universidad Centro Americana (UCA). Dichos bloques se analizaron en los diferentes días de fraguado que son de 7 y 28 días respectivamente analizando por cada ensayo 9 bloques, 6 bloques de 6”, (3 con el 5% de aditivo y 3 con el 20% de aditivo) además 6 bloques de 4” (3 con el 5% de aditivo y 3 con el 20% de aditivo. Los resultados de los ensayos se determinaron que los bloques tenían evidencian que la implementación de las fibras permite al concreto la adherencia de los materiales permitiendo al concreto presente agrietamiento normal después de la falla, pero es controlado por las fibras quienes impiden la prolongación de dichas grietas haciendo que estas terminen allí, brindando ductilidad.

Improvement of the traction current asymmetry control system

The article presents approaches that allow modernizing the system for monitoring the asymmetry of the traction current. The existing systems of technical diagnostics and monitoring of the technical condition of automation and telemetry control devices, which have found wide application on the railways of JSC Russian Railways, do not allow monitoring the condition of adjacent railway transport infrastructure systems that affect the performance of railway automation and telemetry control devices. Besides, information about the condition of the object being diagnosed is sent to the monitoring center, while the operational and repair personnel do not have the necessary information and start working only after receiving information about the malfunction from the dispatcher of the monitoring center. The mobile device, proposed in the article, allows reducing the time necessary for obtaining information about the unserviceable condition of the railroad line. The article presents the analysis of gadgets planned for use in a mobile device, and the concept of the interface of the mobile application for technicians. It is noted that the hardware intended for use in a mobile device must provide protection against unauthorized access to the application, as well as have a high degree of protection against penetration. Besides, the article identifies the areas for further improvement of the traction current asymmetry control system.

On the relationship between fundamental science and contemporary applied research in the field of high-rate laser Nanowhiskerography

In practice, in various areas of life, there is often a need to use materials that have mutually exclusive requirements. Therefore, the study of the issues related to manufacturing materials in certain states for certain technical applications, and methods of controlling structurally sensitive properties to obtain specified effects, is quite relevant today. A new effect was discovered, namely, the rapid growth of amorphous and composite materials in the form of “coherent” nanowhiskers using laser-induced plasma at temperatures exceeding 4,000oC and high pressures up to 100 thousand atmospheres at a rate reaching 80-100 m/s. This method of growing whiskers is based on fundamental studies of pulsed laser radiation and predictions of Nobel Prize laureates – Ch.H. Townes, A.M. Prokhorov (splitting of a laser beam of above-threshold power) and G.A. Askaryan (effects of self-focusing of light in the condensed state of matter, and sublimation evaporation). The authors show possible practical applications of this method, such as protection of securities, banknotes, and plastic cards, as well as production of a new type of silicon batteries, automotive catalysts, and solar silicon batteries.

University campuses in Russia: architectural and urban development typology

The purpose of the present study is to develop a typology of university campuses reflecting all their diversity. The main attention is paid to the peculiarities of the location of the university campuses relative to the settlements, as well as their spatial planning arrangement. In general, depending on the spatial planning arrangement, three types of university campuses are defined and analyzed, namely, dispersed, dissected, and compact (local). The features of university complexes located in the metropolitan areas, largest, and large cities, as well as in medium and small cities, and outside of large settlements in the suburban area have been determined depending on the location of campuses relative to settlements. Besides, the authors have identified the ways of spatial planning development of existing university complexes and justified improving the spatial planning arrangement of university campuses. In general, four ways of the spatial development of existing universities are identified: purchasing facilities in the adjacent territory to expand the existing campus; placing the necessary additional facilities in the adjacent and other areas of the city, that is, integrating into the urban environment; creating an additional campus in a remote territory (often in the suburbs); and moving all or part of the university facilities to a new campus with a full-fledged infrastructure in another area of the city or suburb. The article provides examples of university campuses (complexes) in Russian cities for all the types considered, provided with the attached graphic schemes.

State of open wagon body when loading on a rotary car dumper

The use of modern means of mechanization of loading and unloading operations in places of mass processing of bulky loads in railway and water connection allows to increase the efficiency and productivity of various types of transport, to ensure the safety of load and rolling stock. The most common method of unloading open wagons in ports, mining enterprises, thermal power plants, etc. is the use of special rotary car dumpers. However, it should be noted that unloading on the car dumpers leads to damage of the carriages structural elements. The article presents the results of strength calculations of the car dumper body under the influence of specified dynamic loads from the expiring cargo. They show that the safety margin of the load-bearing elements of the car body is not enough at critical corners of rotation of the car dumper rotor. The studies were carried out using modern computer modeling methods used in the development of new-generation freight car designs. The software package took into account the effects of dynamic loading as external factors that occur at different corners of the car dumper rotor. The implementation of the results obtained at the design stage of innovative structures of open wagon car bodies will allow predicting the operational parameters of load-bearing structures. The presented studies are aimed at improving the safety and operational reliability of the cargo car fleet.

Análisis bibliométrico de las publicaciones científicas nicaragüenses en la Web of Science (2015-2020)

En este estudio se analizaron las publicaciones científicas nicaragüenses en la Web of Science durante el período 2015-2020. Se recuperaron un total de 780 publicaciones distribuidas en 426 revistas. El análisis de las publicaciones evidenció un ligero crecimiento (19%) de la producción científica en el período analizado, una significativa colaboración internacional (95%) y la preferencia del inglés (74%) como idioma de publicación. El MINSA y la UNAN-Managua fueron las instituciones nicaragüense más productivas, con una contribución combinada del 40% al total de publicaciones. En cuanto a las áreas de investigación, economía de la empresa es la de mayor contribución, pero el campo temático más productivo corresponde a las ciencias médicas y de la salud.

Simulation and predictive control of the gas transportation system in a large industrial zone

The article describes an approach to the operational and supervisory control of a gas transmission system for large industrial zones using a model predictive control, as well as analytical and simulation methods. The operational and supervisory control of the gas transportation system covers the time horizon from several hours to several days and involves performing several cyclically repeated actions. The authors propose a time series predictive model of the gas consumption parameter considering temperature weather conditions, which is extended based on accounting for the correlation relationships between the consumption volumes of each consumer. The control methods used today, reacting to the current deviations from the planned regime, a priori do not allow achieving the best results. A significant increase in the stability of control and a reduction in the cost of fuel and energy resources can be achieved by using the control method based on predictive models. In this case, the control object model is used to predict its behavior within the selected time horizon, and optimal control actions are selected on this basis. The process of predicting and selecting control actions is periodically repeated, constantly changing the time horizon boundaries. The described method of changing the flow diagram consists either in changing all the flows at the same time or in a preemptive and smooth transition based on the introduction of a weighted flow diagram for various stationary modes, provided that their mismatch is minimized at neighboring time intervals corresponding to the intervals of constancy of consumption requests.