scholarly journals A Summary and Analysis of J.R. Miller’s “The Southern Numbered Treaties,” and Sharon Venne’s “Understanding Treaty 6: An Indigenous Perspective”

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-46
Author(s):  
Miranda Watters
Keyword(s):  
First Nations ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Professor Emeritus ◽  
Popular Narrative ◽  
History Of ◽  
Entire History ◽  
Indigenous Perspective ◽  
The University

There are many accounts of the history of the treaties between the Crown and the Indigenous peoples in Canada. This paper summarizes and analyses two of them. J.R. Miller, history professor emeritus at the University of Saskatchewan, gives an account of treaties one through seven in his article, “The Southern Numbered Treaties,” which is contained in his book Compact, Contract, Covenant: Aboriginal Treaty-Making in Canada. Sharon Venne, an accomplished First Nations lawyer and member of the Cree Nation, also writes about the treaties in southern Canada, focusing particularly on treaty six, in “Understanding Treaty 6: An Indigenous Perspective.” These two articles analyze the processes of treaty making, and offer perspectives contrary to the popular narrative, as well as arguing that the popular narrative does not include the entire history. This paper starts by summarizing each article separately, then analyses some of the main points. The analysis will argue in favour of the arguments put forth by Venne and Miller.

Cultural and Collective Rights of Indigenous Peoples in Venezuela

2015 ◽  
pp. 110-134
Author(s):  
Soledad Torrecuadrada García-Lozano ◽  
Vladimir Aguilar Castro ◽  
Carlos Grimaldo Lorente
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
Indigenous Cultures ◽  
Collective Rights ◽  
Cultural Rights ◽  
Nation States ◽  
Positive Assessment ◽  
History Of ◽  
Indigenous Perspective

In this chapter, the authors attempt to demonstrate that respect for cultural identity of all human groups should be seen as a fundamental right. Ignoring Collective rights of indigenous peoples, those related to their cultural traditions, generally causes the lack of respect. Thus, knowledge of the cultural manifestations and their origin and meaning (as part of the history of the territories they inhabit) can conquer this respect on a par with its defense. This obviously with comprehensive training aimed to sensitize the general population in the positive assessment it deserves it different. The actions of nation-states governments with strong indigenous population has been characterized, until recently, by a remarkable disregard for indigenous cultures, having as a result the result of which such attitude, today from the non - indigenous perspective indigenous cultural manifestations are reduced to colorful folklore shows, when not seen as backward and primitive traditions. This chapter delves deeply into the legal framework for the protection of collective and cultural rights of indigenous peoples. The authors also attempt to show the weaknesses of the law and how states should act to strengthen them. Proposed article does emphasis on indigenous traditional knowledge and not in a wider debate on the topic of knowledge in general.

The Cys-loop pentameric ligand-gated ion channel receptors: 50 years on

2012 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 771-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janna L. Kozuska ◽  
Isabelle M. Paulsen
Keyword(s):  
Ion Channel ◽  
Single Channel ◽  
50Th Anniversary ◽  
University Of Alberta ◽  
Electrophysiological Studies ◽  
Ligand Interactions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Entire History ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The University

This year, 2011, the Department of Pharmacology at the University of Alberta celebrated its 50th anniversary. This timeframe covers nearly the entire history of Cys-loop pentameric ligand-gated ion channel (pLGIC) research. In this review we consider how major technological advancements affected our current understanding of pLGICs, and highlight the contributions made by members of our department. The individual at the center of our story is Susan Dunn; her passing earlier this year has robbed the Department of Pharmacology and the research community of a most insightful colleague. Her dissection of ligand interactions with the nAChR, together with their interpretation, was the hallmark of her extensive collaborations with Michael Raftery. Here, we highlight some electrophysiological studies from her laboratory over the last few years, using the technique that she introduced to the department in Edmonton, the 2-electrode voltage-clamp of Xenopus oocytes. Finally, we discuss some single-channel studies of the anionic GlyR and GABAAR that prefaced the introduction of this technique to her laboratory.

Assimilation and Partition: How Settler Colonialism and Racial Capitalism Co-produce the Borders of Indigenous Economies

2020 ◽  
Vol 119 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-324
Author(s):  
Shiri Pasternak
Keyword(s):  
First Nations ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Supreme Court Of Canada ◽  
Critical Material ◽  
Aboriginal Rights ◽  
Economic Rights ◽  
Racial Capitalism ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
Settler Colonization

The history of colonialism in Canada has meant both the partition of Indigenous peoples from participating (physically, politically, legally) in the economy and a relentless demand to become assimilated as liberal capitalist citizens. Assimilation and segregation are both tendencies of colonization that protect the interests of white capital. But their respective prevalence seems to depend on the regime of racial capitalism at play. This paper examines the intersection of settler colonization and racial capitalism to shed light on the status of Indigenous economic rights in Canada. I ask, to what extent are Indigenous peoples understood to have economic rights—defined here as the governing authority to manage their lands and resources—and, how we can we analyze these rights to better understand the conjoined meanings of colonialism and capitalism as systems of power today? In this paper, I look at two sites to address this problem: first, I examine how the Supreme Court of Canada has defined the “Aboriginal right” to commercial economies since the patriation of Aboriginal rights into the Constitution in 1982; and, second, I examine how these rights are configured through state resource revenue-sharing schemes with First Nations, in particular from extractive projects, over the past few years. Each case study provides critical material for analyzing the economic opportunities available to First Nations through democratic channels of state “recognition,” as well as when and why tensions between state policies of segregation and assimilation emerge.

Born the Year after the Flood

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 (4) ◽  
pp. 921-927
Author(s):  
Jeremie Caribou
Keyword(s):  
First Nations ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Ecological Integrity ◽  
Indigenous Rights ◽  
Indigenous Identity ◽  
Indigenous Lands ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Political Governance ◽  
Gain Access

This essay reveals the true history of my people. It demonstrates our highly developed social, spiritual, and political governance structures. Our use of the water systems underscores the ecological integrity of sustainable development that we fostered for thousands of years. Yet, due to colonization and oppressive policies designed to destroy Indigenous identity, culture, and history, Indigenous knowledge and governing systems have been put in jeopardy. Colonial policies intended to dispossess and oppress First Nations by depriving us from Indigenous lands, controlling all aspects of our lives, which created dependence by limiting Indigenous peoples’ abilities to provide for themselves. Furthermore, these policies had no Indigenous input or representation and were designed to eradicate or eliminate Indigenous rights, titles, and the right to self-determination to easily gain access to Indigenous lands for development and industrialization, such as in the case of the massive hydroelectrical dams that continue to alienate my home community today.

scholarly journals Development of science education content that visualises the entire history of 4 billion years of life on a timeline

Impact ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (4) ◽  
pp. 19-21
Author(s):  
Masashi Kimura
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Information ◽  
Professor Emeritus ◽  
Natural History Museums ◽  
Oxford University ◽  
History Museums ◽  
The Us ◽  
History Of ◽  
Entire History ◽  
Life On Earth ◽  
Evolutionary Lineages

In the four billion years since life on earth emerged, an impressive biodiversity has been established. Indeed, there are around 8.7 million different forms of life on planet earth today. During this time, millions of lifeforms have also become extinct. The story of the history of life is fascinating and scientists and other people are keen to create new and innovative ways to explain the history and importance of biodiversity that has unfolded over the past four billion years. Professor Masashi Kimura, College of Art, Nihon University, Japan, is combining science and design to create a timeline of biodiversity that represents the earliest stages of life through to life on earth today. Although there exist visual books that deal with the history of the earth and biological evolutionary lineages, there is no visual representation of biodiversity and continental migration that can be studied simultaneously on a digital timeline, and this is what Kimura is creating. To do this, he and his team read visual books and websites published by natural history museums in Europe and the US in order to collect relevant scientific information. They also had discussions with scientists and designers, including Dr George McGavin, Professor Emeritus of Oxford University and current BBC nature programme presenter, on how problems with visualisation could be overcome.

The Iron Creek Meteorite: The Curious History of the Manitou Stone and the Claim for its Repatriation

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-175
Author(s):  
Howard Plotkin
Keyword(s):  
First Nations ◽  
Red River ◽  
Cultural Significance ◽  
University Of Toronto ◽  
Royal Ontario Museum ◽  
Aboriginal Culture ◽  
History Of ◽  
The University

Canada's Iron Creek meteorite, a 320 lb (145 kg) Group IIIAB medium octahedrite iron, was long venerated by the First Nations in Alberta as their sacred Manitou Stone, but it was taken without authority from them by Methodist missionaries in 1866. That began the meteorite's long odyssey, as it was transferred first to the Methodist Mission in Victoria (now Pakan) Alberta; then to the Red River Mission in Winnipeg, Manitoba; then to the Wesleyan Methodist Church's Mission Rooms in Toronto, Ontario; then to Victoria College in Cobourg, Ontario; then to the campus of the University of Toronto in Toronto, Ontario; then to the Royal Ontario Museum in Toronto; and finally to the Provincial Museum of Alberta (now the Royal Alberta Museum) in Edmonton. In recent years, a First Nations movement to repatriate the meteorite to a place near its original find site has been initiated. As of now, the meteorite remains on display at the Royal Alberta Museum's Syncrude Gallery of Aboriginal Culture, where it is a prized showpiece. The present paper explores the curious history and cultural significance of this fabled meteorite, its long odyssey, the issues surrounding the claims for its repatriation, the Royal Alberta Museum's present policy, and a possible way forward.

scholarly journals Suicide Ideation and Attempts among First Nations Peoples Living On-Reserve in Canada: The Intergenerational and Cumulative Effects of Indian Residential Schools

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 422-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robyn Jane McQuaid ◽  
Amy Bombay ◽  
Opal Arilla McInnis ◽  
Courtney Humeny ◽  
Kimberly Matheson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
First Nations ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Cumulative Risk ◽  
Residential Schools ◽  
Regional Health ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts And Behaviors

Objective: Suicide rates among Indigenous peoples in Canada are at least twice that of their non-Indigenous counterparts. Although contemporary stressors contribute to this increased risk, historical experiences such as the Indian Residential School (IRS) system may also have continuing links with the risk for suicidal thoughts and behaviors. The current investigation examined the intergenerational and cumulative links between familial IRS attendance in relation to lifetime suicide ideation and attempts among First Nations adults living on-reserve. Method: Data from the 2008-2010 First Nations Regional Health Survey were analyzed, and participants comprised a representative sample of First Nations adults older than 18 years (weighted N = 127,338; IRS attendees were excluded). Of those who knew their familial IRS history, 38.0% had no history of attendance, 19.3% had a grandparent who attended, 16.2% had a parent who attended, and 26.5% had a parent and grandparent who attended. Results: Exposure of one previous familial generation to the IRS experience was associated with increased risk for lifetime suicide ideation (odds ratio [OR], 1.46; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.16 to 1.84; P = 0.001) and attempts (OR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.07 to 1.94; P < 0.016) compared with those with no IRS history. Having 2 generations of IRS familial history was associated with greater odds of reporting a suicide attempt compared with having one generation (OR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.05 to 1.75; P = 0.022), which was reduced when current levels of distress and ideation were accounted for. Conclusion: Findings support the existence of linkages between intergenerational exposure to IRS and risk for suicidal ideation and attempts and for a potential cumulative risk in relation to suicide attempts across generations.

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