Effect of sowing time and nitrogen fertilizer rates on growth, seed yield and nitrogen use efficiency of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) in Ahvaz, Iran

Maize (Zea mays L.) is the most widely grown important crop in mid altitude areas of intensive maize-based cropping system of western Ethiopia. Agronomic management is the most important input for getting potential yield and high net returns in hybrid maize production. A field experiment was carried out on farmers’ field to find out the effect of varieties (four maize) and nitrogen fertilizer rate (55, 110 kg N ha-1) with one control on yield components and nitrogen use efficiency of different maize varieties in 2013 and 2014 cropping season. It was laid with randomized complete block design in factorial arrangement with three replications. Mean grain yield, thousand seed weight, dry biomass and harvest index of maize varieties were significantly differed among farms and varieties of maize. Application of nitrogen fertilizer rates was significantly increased mean grain yield maize varieties. Interaction of maize varieties with nitrogen fertilizer rates was significantly affected all yield components of maize varieties. Application half and full recommended nitrogen fertilizer gave mean grain yield advantages of 31 and 41 % over control maize varieties planted without nitrogen application. Maize varieties producing higher mean grain yield was also giving higher mean dry biomass. Mean nitrogen up take was varied from 225 to 357 kg ha-1 among varieties of maize. Higher agronomic efficiency of all maize varieties was obtained from maize planted with application half recommended nitrogen fertilizer compared to full recommend. Agronomic efficiency was ranged from 18 to 33 produced among maize varieties. Significantly higher nitrogen up take efficiency of maize varieties was achieved from maize planted with full recommended nitrogen fertilizer application. Considerably higher nitrogen use efficiency of maize varieties was realized from all maize varieties planted with application half recommended nitrogen fertilizer. Application of half recommended nitrogen fertilizer was gave 32 % fertilizer N use efficiency advantage as compared to full recommended nitrogen fertilizer. Maize varieties BH-661>BH-660> BH-543>BH-540>BH-140 were desirable varieties for further promotion work and use by smallholder farmers in mid altitude area of western Ethiopia.

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Impacts of Slow-Release Nitrogen Fertilizer Rates on the Morpho-Physiological Traits, Yield, and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Rice under Different Water Regimes

Agriculture ◽

10.3390/agriculture12010086 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 86

Author(s):

Alaa AL Aasmi ◽

Jiuhao Li ◽

Yousef Alhaj Hamoud ◽

Yubin Lan ◽

Kelvin Edom Alordzinu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽

Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽

Slow Release ◽

Rice Production ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Specific Information ◽

Nitrogen Use ◽

Water Regimes ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

Fertilizer Rates

The efficient use of water and fertilizer is vital for optimizing plant growth and yield in rice production. To achieve sustainable rice production and resource management, the ways in which applied water and nitrogen affect the root and shoot morpho-physiology, as well as yield, must be understood. In this study, a pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer (sulfur-coated urea) application at three levels (light nitrogen (NL), medium nitrogen (NM), and heavy nitrogen (NH)) on the growth, yield, and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of rice grown under three water regimes (wetting and soil saturation (WSS), wetting and moderate drying (WMD) and wetting and severe drying (WSD)). The results revealed that differences in water regimes and fertilizer rates led to significant differences in the roots, shoots, yield, and NUE of rice. Increasing the N dosage by 5% enhanced the root and biomass production by 16% in comparison with that of the other groups. The NH×WSS treatment produced the greatest root length, weight, density, active absorption, and oxidation. However, the integration of WSS × NL generated the maximum value of nitrogen apparent recovery efficiency (63.1% to 67.6%) and the greatest value of nitrogen partial factor productivity (39.9 g g−1 to 41.13 g g−1). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images showed that plants grown under high and medium nitrogen fertilizer rates with WSS had improved leaf mesophyll structure with normal starch grains, clear cell walls, and well-developed chloroplasts with tidy and well-arranged thylakoids. These results show that TEM images are useful for characterizing the nitrogen and water status of leaves in the sub-micrometer range and providing specific information regarding the leaf microstructure. The findings of this study suggest that the application of NH×WSS can produce improvements in growth traits and increase rice yield; however, the NL×WSS treatment led to greater NUE, and the authors recommend its usage in rice agriculture.

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Engineering nitrogen use efficiency with alanine aminotransferase

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b07-019 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 85 (3) ◽

pp. 252-262 ◽

Cited By ~ 151

Author(s):

Allen G. Good ◽

Susan J. Johnson ◽

Mary De Pauw ◽

Rebecka T. Carroll ◽

Nic Savidov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Transgenic Plants ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽

Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽

Alanine Aminotransferase ◽

Crop Productivity ◽

Wild Type ◽

Nitrogen Use ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

N Use

Nitrogen (N) is the most important factor limiting crop productivity worldwide. The ability of plants to acquire N from applied fertilizers is one of the critical steps limiting the efficient use of nitrogen. To improve N use efficiency, genetically modified plants that overexpress alanine aminotransferase (AlaAT) were engineered by introducing a barley AlaAT cDNA driven by a canola root specific promoter (btg26). Compared with wild-type canola, transgenic plants had increased biomass and seed yield both in the laboratory and field under low N conditions, whereas no differences were observed under high N. The transgenics also had increased nitrate influx. These changes resulted in a 40% decrease in the amount of applied nitrogen fertilizer required under field conditions to achieve yields equivalent to wild-type plants.

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Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Management on Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Winter Wheat Growing on Dryland with Plastic Film Mulching

ACTA AGRONOMICA SINICA ◽

10.3724/sp.j.1006.2014.00093 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 40 (1) ◽

pp. 93 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Qiang LI ◽

Zhao-Hui WANG ◽

Fu-Cui LI ◽

Jian DAI ◽

Meng-Hua LI ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽

Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽

Plastic Film ◽

Fertilizer Management ◽

Nitrogen Use ◽

Plastic Film Mulching ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

Film Mulching

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Interaction of erect panicle genotype and nitrogen fertilizer application on the source-sink ratio and nitrogen use efficiency in rice

Field Crops Research ◽

10.1016/j.fcr.2022.108430 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 278 ◽

pp. 108430

Author(s):

Olusegun Idowu ◽

Yuanzheng Wang ◽

Koki Homma ◽

Tetsuya Nakazaki ◽

Zhengjin Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽

Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Nitrogen Use ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

Source Sink

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Fall nitrogen application increases seed yield, forage yield and nitrogen use efficiency more than spring nitrogen application in Leymus chinensis , a perennial grass

Field Crops Research ◽

10.1016/j.fcr.2017.08.022 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 214 ◽

pp. 66-72 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Yujie Shi ◽

Song Gao ◽

Donghao Zhou ◽

Mengxing Liu ◽

Junfeng Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Yield ◽

Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽

Perennial Grass ◽

Forage Yield ◽

Leymus Chinensis ◽

Nitrogen Application ◽

Nitrogen Use ◽

Use Efficiency

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Optimized split nitrogen fertilizer increase photosynthesis, grain yield, nitrogen use efficiency and water use efficiency under water-saving irrigation

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-75388-9 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Zhen Zhang ◽

Yongli Zhang ◽

Yu Shi ◽

Zhenwen Yu

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Water Use Efficiency ◽

Water Use ◽

Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽

Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽

Water Saving ◽

Nitrogen Use ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

Nitrogen Ratio

AbstractThis study aims to investigate optimization of the basal-top-dressing nitrogen ratio for improving winter wheat grain yield, nitrogen use efficiency, water use efficiency and physiological parameters under supplemental irrigation. A water-saving irrigation (SI) regime was established and sufficient irrigation (UI) was used as a control condition. The split-nitrogen regimes used were based on a identical total nitrogen application rate of 240 kg ha−1 but were split in four different proportions between sowing and the jointing stage; i.e. 10:0 (N1), 7:3 (N2), 5:5 (N3) and 3:7 (N4). Compared with the N1, N2 and N4 treatments, N3 treatment increased grain yield, nitrogen and water use efficiencies by 5.27–17.75%, 5.68–18.78% and 5.65–31.02%, respectively, in both years. The yield advantage obtained with the optimized split-nitrogen fertilizer application may be attributable to greater flag leaf photosynthetic capacity and grain-filling capacity. Furthermore, the N3 treatment maintained the highest nitrogen and water use efficiencies. Moreover, we observed that water use efficiency of SI compared with UI increased by 9.75% in 2016 and 10.79% in 2017, respectively. It can be concluded that SI along with a 5:5 basal-top-dressing nitrogen ratio should be considered as an optimal fertigation strategy for both high grain yield and efficiency in winter wheat.

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