scholarly journals Morphologic, Morphometric and Molecular Comparison of Two Sister Species of Rodents as Potential Reservoir Hosts of Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in the Southwest of Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 79-84
Author(s):  
Seyedeh Maryam Ghafari ◽  
Vahoora Ebadatgar ◽  
Somayeh Mohammadi ◽  
Sahar Ebrahimi ◽  
Ali Bordbar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Sister Species ◽  
Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Potential Reservoir ◽  
Molecular Comparison ◽  
Southwest Of Iran ◽  
Reservoir Hosts

scholarly journals Molecular Detection of Leishmania major in Hemiechinus auritus, A Potential Reservoir of Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Damghan, Iran

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Behrad Pourmohammadi ◽  
Sadegh Mohammadi-Azni
Keyword(s):  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Leishmania Major ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Leishmania Infection ◽  
Northern Iran ◽  
Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Potential Reservoir ◽  
Leishmania Spp ◽  
First Time ◽  
Leishmania Parasites

Background: Zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania major is endemic in 17 of 31 Iranian provinces. Various species of rodents have been introduced as the main reservoirs of the disease. This study was conducted to de­termine the natural infection of hedgehogs with Leishmania spp. in an endemic area of the disease, northern Iran. Methods: Fifteen long-eared hedgehogs were captured alive during 18 months study period, from Apr 2015 to Sep 2016, in Damghan City, Semnan Province, Iran. The animals were identified using apparent characteristics and to de­termine the Leishmania infection, impression smears were prepared from their ear lobes, hind feet, livers, and spleens. Micro­scopic examination and semi-nested PCR were applied to determine the infection and to identify the parasites species respectively. Results: All examined animals were identified as Hemiechinus auritus (Family: Erinaceidae). In microscopic examina­tion, 8 (53.3%) samples were shown to be infected with Leishmania parasites. The higher and lower rate of the infection was observed in the ears as well as the feet and in the liver specimens, 53.3%, and 33.3% respectively. Forty percent (6/ 15) of the samples were molecularly positive and all were identified as L. major parasites. All the examined animals in au­tumn and 50% of them in summer were shown to be infected with Leishmania parasites. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the natural infection of H. auritus with L. major for the first time in Damghan City and introduced these mammals as new potential reservoirs of ZCL in the study area.

scholarly journals A spatio-temporal agent-based approach for modeling the spread of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in northeast Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Tabasi ◽  
Ali Asghar Alesheikh ◽  
Aioub Sofizadeh ◽  
Bahram Saeidian ◽  
Biswajeet Pradhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Geospatial Information ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Vector Population ◽  
Spatiotemporal Trends ◽  
Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Reservoir Hosts

Abstract Background Zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL) is a neglected tropical disease worldwide, especially the Middle East. Although previous works attempt to model the ZCL spread using various environmental factors, the interactions between vectors (Phlebotomus papatasi), reservoir hosts, humans, and the environment can affect its spread. Considering all of these aspects is not a trivial task. Methods An agent-based model (ABM) is a relatively new approach that provides a framework for analyzing the heterogeneity of the interactions, along with biological and environmental factors in such complex systems. The objective of this research is to design and develop an ABM that uses Geospatial Information System (GIS) capabilities, biological behaviors of vectors and reservoir hosts, and an improved Susceptible-Exposed-Infected-Recovered (SEIR) epidemic model to explore the spread of ZCL. Various scenarios were implemented to analyze the future ZCL spreads in different parts of Maraveh Tappeh County, in the northeast region of Golestan Province in northeastern Iran, with alternative socio-ecological conditions. Results The results confirmed that the spread of the disease arises principally in the desert, low altitude areas, and riverside population centers. The outcomes also showed that the restricting movement of humans reduces the severity of the transmission. Moreover, the spread of ZCL has a particular temporal pattern, since the most prevalent cases occurred in the fall. The evaluation test also showed the similarity between the results and the reported spatiotemporal trends. Conclusions This study demonstrates the capability and efficiency of ABM to model and predict the spread of ZCL. The results of the presented approach can be considered as a guide for public health management and controlling the vector population.

scholarly journals Molecular characterization of Leishmania spp. in reservoir hosts in endemic foci of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iran

2013 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 218-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Akhoundi ◽  
Mehdi Mohebali ◽  
Mina Asadi ◽  
Mohamad Reza Mahmodi ◽  
Kamyar Amraei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Leishmania Spp ◽  
Reservoir Hosts

Ecological Niche Modeling of main reservoir hosts of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iran

Acta Tropica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 160 ◽  
pp. 44-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostafa Gholamrezaei ◽  
Mehdi Mohebali ◽  
Ahmad Ali Hanafi-Bojd ◽  
Mohammad Mehdi Sedaghat ◽  
Mohammad Reza Shirzadi
Keyword(s):  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Ecological Niche ◽  
Ecological Niche Modeling ◽  
Niche Modeling ◽  
Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Reservoir Hosts

scholarly journals Zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis and Leishmania infection among Meriones shawi population in Setif Province, Algeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amina Fellahi ◽  
NACER DJIRAR ◽  
ABDELKADER CHERIEF ◽  
ABDELKRIM BOUDRISSA ◽  
NAOUEL EDDAIKRA
Keyword(s):  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Leishmania Major ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Reservoir Host ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Leishmania Infection ◽  
Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Reservoir Hosts

Abstract. Fellahi A, Djirar N, Cherief A, Boudrissa A, Eddaikra N. 2021. Zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis and Leishmania infection among Meriones shawi population in Setif Province, Algeria. Biodiversitas 22: 2547-2554. Zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL) is the most endemic disease in Algeria. Leishmania major is the causative agent, and Gerbils Meriones shawi and Psammomys obesus are the main reservoir hosts. The Province of Setif in Algeria has become a very active focus for this zoonosis. Our study was carried out from January 2017 until January 2019 in ten representative stations of the study area, with an aim to identify the association between zoonosis and reservoir host species. Eighty-six (86) specimens of M. shawi and three (3) specimens of P. obesus were captured and determined. Superficial lesions were subjected to Giemsa stained smears. In addition, Livers and spleens were tested for Leishmania DNA using ITS1 PCR. The results showed the presence of M. shawi in almost all communities of Setif Province and the highest population with 50 specimens (58.13%) was in the center and south. The microscopic and molecular detection of Leishmania showed high infestation in most specimens of Meriones (32/86) with a rate of 37.20 %, however, no infestation in Psammomys has been detected. The PCA results showed a negative association between rainfall and ZCL cases; however, positive association was found between temperature and the human CL cases. Also, positive association was demonstrated between ZCL in south and center of Setif Province and Meriones captured. Our finding, confirm that M. shawi is the principal reservoir host (76.78%) of the ZCL in Setif Province, since P. obesus was nearly absent (2.67%).

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