GLOMERULAR DISEASES IN MADINA REGION;

Objectives: The study is designed to get useful information and epidemiological data for clinical practice and investigations regarding glomerular disease frequencies in Madina region. Study Design & Setting: Single-center retrospective study at King Fahd Hospital Madina. Period: 01 year (March 2016- March 2017). Methods: All native renal biopsies were studied for the period of 1 year (March 2016- March 2017). Only glomerular disease patterns were analyzed. The diagnosis of each case was based on histological, immunopathological and clinical features. Results: A total of 44 biopsies were Included. Primary glomerular diseases in 52.27% of all biopsies studied. The most common primary disease was Membranous Nephropathy which accounts for 20.45%. Focal and Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) (9%), Minimal change disease (4.54%), C3 glomerulopathy (4.54%), IGA Nephropathy (4.54%), Non-IgA Mesangial Proliferative GN(2.27%), Crescentic Glomerulonephritis (GN) (2.27%), Post lnfectlous GN(2.27%), Thin Basement Membrane Nephropathy(2.27%) as primary GN. Secondary glomerular diseases in 47.73%. Lupus Nephritis corresponded to 34.09% of the entire series. Conclusions: FSGS has been the most frequent type of glomerulopathy in Saudi Arabian population according to previously available data from local studies but in our study the cases of Membranous Nephropathy were high .Lupus Nephritis remain above the list as a cause of secondary glomerular disease. The reasons for these findings are unclear but this information is an important contribution towards understanding the prevalence of renal diseases In Saudi Arabia.

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Glomerular diseases in a Hispanic population: review of a regional renal biopsy database

Sao Paulo Medical Journal ◽

10.1590/s1516-31802009000300006 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 127 (3) ◽

pp. 140-144 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Luis Fernando Arias ◽

Jorge Henao ◽

Rubén Darío Giraldo ◽

Nelson Carvajal ◽

Joaquin Rodelo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Minimal Change Disease ◽

Crescentic Glomerulonephritis ◽

Immunoglobulin A ◽

Membranous Glomerulonephritis ◽

Epidemiological Data ◽

Renal Diseases ◽

Hispanic Population ◽

Glomerular Diseases ◽

Future Studies ◽

The University

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Epidemiological data provide useful information for clinical practice and investigations. This study aimed to determine glomerular disease frequencies in a region of Colombia and it represents the basis for future studies. DESIGN AND SETTING: Single-center retrospective analysis at the University of Antioquia, Colombia. METHODS: All native renal biopsies (July 1998 to December 2007) were reviewed, but only glomerular diseases were analyzed. The diagnosis of each case was based on histological, immunopathological and clinical features. RESULTS: A total of 1,040 biopsies were included. In 302 cases (29.0%), the patient's age was < 15 years. Primary glomerular diseases were diagnosed in 828 biopsies (79.6%) and secondary in 212 (20.4%). The most common primary diseases were focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) (34.8%), immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy (IgAN) (11.8%), membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN) (10.6%), minimal change disease (MCD) (10.6%), crescentic glomerulonephritis (GN) (5.6%), and non-IgA mesangial proliferative GN (5.6%). Postinfectious GN represented 10.7% of the diagnoses if included as primary GN. Lupus nephritis corresponded to 17.8% of the entire series. In adults, the order of the most frequent primary diseases was: FSGS, IgAN, MGN, crescentic GN and MCD. In children (< 15 years), the most frequent were: FSGS, postinfectious GN, MCD, non-IgA mesangial proliferative GN, endocapillary diffuse GN and IgAN. CONCLUSIONS: As among Afro-Americans, FSGS is the most frequent type of glomerulopathy in our population, but in our group, there are more cases of IgAN. The reasons for these findings are unclear. This information is an important contribution towards understanding the prevalence of renal diseases in Latin America.

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The Spectrum of Biopsy-Proved Kidney Disease: A Retrospective Single Center Study in Erbil-Iraq

Asian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3126/ajms.v10i2.22365 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 46-51

Author(s):

Ahmed Al-Imam ◽

Mudhafar Abdullah Ali ◽

Safa Ezzaddin Al-Mukhtar

Keyword(s):

Renal Failure ◽

Renal Biopsy ◽

Immunofluorescence Microscopy ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Glomerular Disease ◽

Clinical Indication ◽

Renal Diseases ◽

Glomerular Diseases ◽

Nephritic Syndrome ◽

Management Protocol

BACKGROUND Renal biopsy is crucial to determine the pattern of the different types of renal diseases. It represents the gold standard of diagnostics for renal pathologies, including glomerular diseases, and it has an important value for the prognosis, monitoring disease progression, and planning the management protocol. AIMS AND OBJECTIVE To report the frequency of different pathological lesions affecting the kidney in patients who were admitted to our medical centre. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a retrospective study of all patients with renal diseases who underwent percutaneous renal biopsy at the Erbil Kidney Centre for eight years (1st of January 2010 to 31st of December 2017). A total of 893 cases were biopsied and subsequently studied via histopathological examination and immunofluorescence microscopy. The study is ethically permitted by the Kurdistan Board for Medical Specialization. RESULTS The average age of the patients was 30.9 years. The most common clinical indication for biopsy included nephrotic syndrome (46.47%), acute renal failure (19.04%), chronic renal failure (15.34%), nephritic syndrome (7.39%), proteinuria alone (7.28%), and hematuria alone (4.48%). In patients with a primary glomerular disease, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and minimal change disease were the most frequent (27.44% and 16.01%) in the younger patients (18.61±13.47 years), while membranous glomerulonephritis was more common in older patients (38.94±13.69 years). Patients with a secondary glomerular disease were mainly diagnosed with lupus nephritis, amyloidosis, and diabetic nephropathy. CONCLUSION The epitome of our study signifies that the spectrum of glomerular diseases varies based on age, sex, ethnicity, and geographical distribution. The implementation of renal biopsy proved to be a cornerstone in reaching the correct diagnosis. Future studies should implement the use of electron microscopy in conjunction with classical techniques of histopathology and immunofluorescence microscopy to diagnose equivocal cases of interest.

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Horseshoe kidney with PLA2R-positive membranous nephropathy

BMC Nephrology ◽

10.1186/s12882-021-02488-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Shuai-Shuai Shi ◽

Xian-Zu Yang ◽

Xiao-Ye Zhang ◽

Hui-Dan Guo ◽

Wen-Feng Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nephrotic Syndrome ◽

Renal Biopsy ◽

Membranous Nephropathy ◽

Horseshoe Kidney ◽

Glomerular Disease ◽

Urinary Stones ◽

Abdominal Ultrasonography ◽

Glomerular Diseases ◽

Structural Abnormalities ◽

Diagnosis Rate

Abstract Background Horseshoe kidney (HSK) is a common congenital defect of the urinary system. The most common complications are urinary tract infection, urinary stones, and hydronephrosis. HSK can be combined with glomerular diseases, but the diagnosis rate of renal biopsy is low due to structural abnormalities. There are only a few reports on HSK with glomerular disease. Here, we have reported a case of PLA2R-positive membranous nephropathy occurring in a patient with HSK. Case presentation After admission to the hospital due to oedema of both the lower extremities, the patient was diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome due to abnormal 24-h urine protein (7540 mg) and blood albumin (25 g/L) levels. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed HSK. The patient’s brother had a history of end-stage renal disease due to nephrotic syndrome. Therefore, the patient was diagnosed with PLA2R-positive stage II membranous nephropathy through renal biopsy under abdominal ultrasonography guidance. He was administered adequate prednisone and cyclophosphamide, and after 6 months of treatment, urinary protein excretion levels significantly decreased. Conclusion The risk and difficulty of renal biopsy in patients with HSK are increased due to structural abnormalities; however, renal biopsy can be accomplished through precise positioning with abdominal ultrasonography. In the literature, 20 cases of HSK with glomerular disease have been reported thus far. Because of the small number of cases, estimating the incidence rate of glomerular diseases in HSK is impossible, and the correlation between HSK and renal pathology cannot be stated. Further studies should be conducted and cases should be accumulated to elucidate this phenomenon.

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Peroxiredoxins as Markers of Oxidative Stress in IgA Nephropathy, Membranous Nephropathy and Lupus Nephritis

Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis ◽

10.1007/s00005-021-00638-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 70 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Natalia Krata ◽

Bartosz Foroncewicz ◽

Radosław Zagożdżon ◽

Barbara Moszczuk ◽

Magdalena Zielenkiewicz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Lupus Nephritis ◽

Iga Nephropathy ◽

Membranous Nephropathy ◽

Diagnostic Procedures ◽

Renal Diseases ◽

Serum Concentrations ◽

Immune Mediated ◽

Markers Of Oxidative Stress ◽

Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rates

AbstractIgA nephropathy (IgAN), membranous nephropathy (MN), and lupus nephritis (LN) represent important causes of chronic kidney disease. They belong to the immune-mediated glomerulonephritis (GNs), and have distinct pathogenesis, distinct clinical courses, and variable responses to treatment. Therefore, specific diagnostic procedures are necessary for more effective patient management. Recently, a role for oxidative stress has been proposed in various renal disorders. Thus, molecules related to oxidative stress, such as 2-Cys-peroxiredoxins (PRDXs), may represent plausible candidates for biomarkers in renal pathologies. The aim of this study was to assess whether there are differences between individual GNs and healthy controls in the context of PRDXs serum concentration. We enrolled 108 patients with biopsy-proven IgAN (47), MN (26), LN (35) and 30 healthy age- and sex-matched controls. The serum concentrations of PRDX 1–5 were measured with ELISA assays and correlated with demographic and clinical data. The PRDXs’ concentration varied depending on the GN type. We also observed an association of PRDXs with lower estimated glomerular filtration rates, complement, hemoglobin, and body mass index. Our study indicates that individual PRDX can play roles in pathophysiology of selected GNs and that their serum concentrations may become useful as a new supplementary diagnostic markers in IgAN, MN as well as LN. The results of this study open a new avenue for prospective research on PRDXs in renal diseases.

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P0468RENAL OUTCOME AND MORTALITY OF GLOMERULONEPHRITIS IN A THAI TERTIARY CARE CENTER

Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation ◽

10.1093/ndt/gfaa142.p0468 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽

Author(s):

Chitimaporn Janphram ◽

Chagriya Kitiyakara

Keyword(s):

Multiple Myeloma ◽

Diabetic Nephropathy ◽

Lupus Nephritis ◽

Iga Nephropathy ◽

Immune Complex ◽

Membranous Nephropathy ◽

Minimal Change Disease ◽

Kidney Biopsy ◽

Minimal Change ◽

Different Types

Abstract Background and Aims Glomerulonephritis (GN) is a common cause of End-stage renal disease (ESRD) in Asia and around the world. Most studies from renal registries have focused on the prevalence or clinical characteristics of patients with GN. Only a few registry-based data have focused on mortality and ESRD risks of different types of GN. There is limited data from low to middle income countries or from Southeast Asia. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the mortality and ESRD rates among patients with different types of GN referred for a kidney biopsy at a Thai tertiary care hospital. Method In this retrospective study, the data of patients (n=1,025) referred for a kidney biopsy at Ramathibodi Hospital from 1 January 2011 to 31 December 2017 were reviewed. Patients were classified in to 11 different types of GN. Patient death and cause of death data was obtained from National Census office. ESRD data was obtained from the Thailand Nephrology Society ESRD registry which includes all patients on renal replacement therapies for greater than 3 months. Results Patients with inadequate specimen (n=66) or non-glomerular diseases (n=95) were excluded. Data from 864 patients with GN was analyzed. The age at kidney biopsy was 43.9 ± 16.8 years, median eGFR (CKD-EPI) was 42 (IQR 13-83) mL/min/1.73m2. The male:female ratio was 0.6. The prevalence of GN were: Lupus nephritis (26.8%), IgA nephropathy (18.2%), focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS 12.6 %), membranous nephropathy (11.9 %), diabetic nephropathy (10.8%), minimal change disease (9.7%), hypertensive nephrosclerosis (4.3%), pauci-immune complex glomerulonephritis (2.3%), membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN 1.6%) and multiple myeloma (1.4%) Median time follow up was 42 (IQR 23-62) months. Overall mortality was 13 %. Lupus nephritis accounted for highest proportion of all deaths (25%), followed by diabetic nephropathy (19.1%), FSGS (9%). Listed causes of deaths were: sepsis 22% and chronic kidney disease 8%. Mortality rates by disease were: multiple myeloma (50%), diabetic nephropathy (28.7%), MPGN (21.4%), pauci-immune complex GN (20%), hypertensive nephrosclerosis (15.8%), lupus nephritis (14.6%), membranous nephropathy (8.7%), FSGS (8.2%), minimal change disease (5.8%), IgA nephropathy (4.4%) The incidence of ESRD was 14 %. LN accounted for the highest proportion (29%) of all ESRD, followed by IgA nephropathy (14%), and membranous nephropathy (13%). The rates of ESRD by disease were: multiple myeloma (33.3%), lupus nephritis (15%), membranous nephropathy (14.5%), minimal change disease (14.3%), MPGN (14.2%), IgA nephropathy (10.1%), FSGS (10.1%), diabetic nephropathy (7.4%), pauci-immune complex glomerulonephritis (5%), hypertensive nephroclerosis (2.6%). Conclusion Lupus nephritis is the most common GN and accounted for the highest proportion of all deaths and ESRD in this Thai cohort. IgA nephropathy is the most common primary GN and an important cause of ESRD, but the mortality rate is low compared to other GN. Membranous nephropathy has comparable prevalence to FSGS, but is a more important contributor to ESRD. Diabetic nephropathy has higher rate of mortality than ESRD. Multiple myleloma has the highest rate of both death and ESRD.

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P0435PREDICTORS OF RENAL SURVIVAL IN ELDERLY NEPHROTIC SYNDROME

Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation ◽

10.1093/ndt/gfaa142.p0435 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽

Author(s):

Tasnim Ben ayed ◽

Imen Gorsane ◽

Raja Trabelsi ◽

Mondher Ounissi ◽

Taieb Ben Abdallah

Keyword(s):

Nephrotic Syndrome ◽

Membranous Nephropathy ◽

Treatment Strategies ◽

The Elderly ◽

Albumin Level ◽

Glomerular Disease ◽

Renal Diseases ◽

Renal Survival ◽

Multivariate Study ◽

The Mean

Abstract Background and Aims With increasing longevity, the numbers of elderly patients presenting with renal diseases including glomerular disease are increasing. Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a common presentation of glomerular disease in the elderly. We performed this study to assess predictors of renal survival in this population. Method A retrospective study including one hundred and six patients aged 65 years or more hospitalized for NS in the Internal Medicine department A of Charles Nicolle hospital at Tunis, between January the 1st, 1975 and December the 31st, 2016. A multivariate study was carried out, the dependent variable being the evolution towards end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Results We studied 106 patients with an average age of 70 ± 4.5years [65-83 years] with a sex ratio (M/F) of 1.7. Twenty-three percent of patients were diabetic. The median proteinuria was 4.6 [3-19.5 g/l], the mean albumin level was 20 ± 5.6g/l and the mean protidemia was 50 ± 6.9 g/l. Nephrotic syndrome was impure in 89.6 % of patients with high blood pressure in 70.5 % of cases, hematuria ≥2 + in 34.7% of cases and renal failure in 88.4 % of cases. The renal biopsy was performed in 41 patients. The most common glomerular lesions were Membranous nephropathy (29 %) followed by amyloidosis (27 %). NS was secondary in 63.2 % of cases mainly to amyloidosis (35.8 %) and diabetes (19.8 %). Idiopathic nephropaty was dominated by membranous nephropathy (11.3 %) and primitive membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) (6.6 %). At the end of follow-up, 35 % of patients achieved complete or partial remission and 58.5 % progressed to ESRD. The multivariate study found as independent risk factors of progression to ESRD uremia ≥ 17 mmol/l (ORa =33.2 [1.3 - 837.7]; p<0.05), phosphoremia ≥ 1.6 mmol/l (ORa=22.1 [1.8-266.5]; p<0.05), potassium concentration ≥ 4.3mmol/l (ORa=24.7 [2.4,251.5]; p<0.01), extra-renal signs (ORa=38,9 [2.4 - 634.3]; p: 0.01), secondary nephropathy (ORa=74 [3.1 - 1788.2]; p<0.01) and MPGN (ORa=48[1.4 - 1675.5]; p<0.05). The protective factors were hemoglobinemia ≥ 9.3g/dl (ORa=0.007 [0 - 0.2]; p<0.01), kidneys well differentiated on ultrasound (ORa=0.032 [0.003 - 0.4]; p<0.01) and treatment with two diuretics (ORa=0.03 [0.003 - 0.4]; p<0.01). Conclusion Elderly NS was characterized by a poor prognosis, in particular secondary to delayed and non-uniform treatment strategies, hence the need for rising physician awarness about this decease and consultation on a standardized treatment strategies.

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Management and treatment of glomerular diseases (part 1): conclusions from a kidney disease: improving global outcomes (KDIGO) controversies conference

Nephrology (Saint-Petersburg) ◽

10.36485/1561-6274-2020-24-2-22-41 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (2) ◽

pp. 22-41 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jűrgen Floege ◽

Sean J. Barbour ◽

Daniel C. Cattran ◽

Jonathan J. Hogan ◽

Patrick H. Nachman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Kidney Disease ◽

Iga Nephropathy ◽

Membranous Nephropathy ◽

Work Group ◽

Glomerular Disease ◽

Glomerular Diseases ◽

General Management ◽

Diagnostic Work ◽

Work Up ◽

Diagnostic Work Up

The Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) initiative organized a Controversies Conference on glomerular diseases in November 2017. The conference focused on the 2012 KDIGO guideline with the aim of identifying new insights into nomenclature, pathogenesis, diagnostic work-up, and, in particular, therapy of glomerular diseases since the guideline’s publication. It was the consensus of the group that most guideline recommendations, in particular those dealing with therapy, will need to be revisited by the guideline-updating Work Group. This report covers general management of glomerular disease, IgA nephropathy, and membranous nephropathy.

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The Primary Glomerular Diseases

10.2310/nephro.12022 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Richard J. Glassock ◽

Sanjeev Sethi ◽

Fernando C. Fervenza

Keyword(s):

Renal Biopsy ◽

Membranous Nephropathy ◽

Minimal Change Disease ◽

Crescentic Glomerulonephritis ◽

Minimal Change ◽

C3 Glomerulonephritis ◽

Focal And Segmental Glomerulosclerosis ◽

Glomerular Diseases ◽

Dense Deposit ◽

Primary Glomerular Diseases

Glomerular disorders in which the manifestations of disease are primarily confined to the kidneys, without multisystem involvement, are not only common but very heterogeneous in terms of pathogenesis and clinical features. Typically, these primary glomerular diseases are characterized according to the findings on renal biopsy, as studied by light, immunofluorescence, and electron microscopy. The principal primary glomerular diseases are minimal change disease, focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis, membranous nephropathy, C3 glomerulonephritis and dense deposit disease, IgA nephropathy, and renal-limited crescentic glomerulonephritis. These clinicopathologic entities are discussed according to epidemiology, clinical features, pathology, pathogenesis (and genetics if appropriate), prognosis, and treatment, emphasizing recent findings. Key words: C3 glomerulonephritis, dense deposit disease, focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis, glomerulonephritis, IgA nephropathy, membranous nephropathy, minimal change disease, renal biopsy, renal-limited crescentic glomerulonephritis

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Pattern of glomerular disease in a tertiary care hospital in Nepal: A Shree Birendra Hospital experience

Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal ◽

10.3126/jcmsn.v7i4.6742 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 48-52

Author(s):

A Sharma ◽

RK Deo ◽

RR Shahi

Keyword(s):

Renal Disease ◽

Renal Biopsy ◽

Glomerular Disease ◽

Renal Diseases ◽

Histopathological Diagnosis ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Glomerular Diseases ◽

Patient Profile ◽

Nephritic Syndrome ◽

Number Of Patients

The incidence of renal diseases varies greatly in various parts of the world. Percutaneous renal biopsy is an important procedure for many patients with renal disease. This hospital based retrospective study evaluated the pattern of various glomerular diseases in Shree Birendra hospital. Hospital records were searched for all the patients undergoing renal biopsy for all indication and patient profile and histopathological examination record were obtained. All the patients undergoing renal biopsy for any cause from January 2007 to December 2010 were included in the study. A total of 46 patients underwent renal biopsy in the study period. The number of patients in the various age groups were - <16 years – 5 patients, 16-50 years – 34 patients and > 50 years – 7 patients. The number of male and female patients was 34 and 12 respectively. Major indication for undergoing renal biopsy in this study was Nephrotic Syndrome (n=29, 63%), followed by RPGN (n=8, 17%), Persistent proteinuria (n=6, 13%) and Nephritic syndrome (n=3, 7%). The most common histopathological diagnosis in the study was Membranous nephropathy (n=10, 22%), followed by Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (n=9, 20%), Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (n=9, 20%) and Minimal change disease (n=6, 13%). USG guided renal biopsy is safe in adults and is a very useful tool for the diagnosis of renal disease. The pattern of glomerular disease varies in different settings. There is a need for further evaluation of glomerular disease with larger sample size to determine the pattern of glomerular disease in Nepal. Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal,2011,Vol-7,No-4, 48-52 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v7i4.6742

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The Spectrum of Children's Kidney Diseases—2403 Renal Biopsy-Proven Cases from a Single Centre in China Between 1999 and 2019

10.21203/rs.3.rs-140880/v2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Li-Jun Jiang ◽

Zan-Hua Rong ◽

Xue Zhao ◽

Zhi-Yan Dou ◽

Lin Yang

Keyword(s):

Kidney Disease ◽

Alport Syndrome ◽

Kidney Diseases ◽

Membranous Glomerulonephritis ◽

Glomerular Disease ◽

Proliferative Glomerulonephritis ◽

Glomerular Diseases ◽

Common Cause ◽

Thin Basement Membrane Nephropathy ◽

Renal Biopsies

Abstract Background: This study aimed to investigate the clinical and pathological characteristics and the changes in glomerular diseases in 2403 pediatric renal biopsies from 1999 to 2019.Methods: Renal biopsies performed on children aged ≤18 years between 1999 and 2019 were analysed at our center. We analysed the clinical and histological characteristics, distribution of pediatric glomerular diseases with various clinical presentations, and changes in the glomerular disease patterns during the study period.Results: The most common primary glomerular disease was IgA nephropathy (IgAN) (24.3%), followed by minimal change disease (MCD) (15.3%) and membranous glomerulonephritis (MN) (13.1%). Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis (HSPN) (18.1%) and lupus nephritis (LN) (7.2%) were the most frequently recorded secondary glomerular diseases. Alport syndrome and thin basement membrane nephropathy (TBMN) were the most common inherited glomerular diseases, accounting for 1.2% and 0.6% of the total glomerular diseases in children, respectively. The number of boys with IgAN, MCD and IgM nephropathy (IgMN) was higher than that of girls, while the number of girls with MN and LN was higher than that of boys. The frequencies of MCD, MN, IgMN and endocapillary proliferative glomerulonephritis (EnPGN) in the 13-18-year-old group were higher than those in the 0-12-year-old group, while the frequencies of IgAN, mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (MsPGN) and focal proliferative glomerulonephritis (FPGN) were lower than those in the 0-12-year-old group. The ratio of Alport syndrome and TBMN in the 0-12-year-old group was higher than that in the 13-18-year-old group. The proportion of patients with MCD and MN in 2010-2019 was higher than that in 1999-2009, while the ratio of IgAN, MsPGN, IgMN, EnPGN, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN), HSPN and HBV-associated glomerulonephritis (HBV-GN) decreased. MCD (28.5%) was the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome (NS). In children with haematuria and proteinuria, HSPN (38.8%) and IgAN (36.9%) were more common than other glomerular diseases. IgAN (39.4%) was the most common cause of AKI. Sclerosing glomerulonephritis (SGN) (21.1%) was the main cause of progressive chronic kidney disease (CKD).Conclusions: Glomerular diseases in children were related to sex and age. From 1999 to 2019, the spectrum of children's kidney disease in our center changed significantly.

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