scholarly journals Application analysis of the recovery fresh air heat pump units in the public building in the cold and serious cold regions

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aoxue Chen ◽  
Chunyu Ran ◽  
Hailong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Cold Regions ◽  
Public Building ◽  
The Public ◽  
Application Analysis

Наследие популяров в политике Августа (по Res Gestae Divi Augusti)

2017 ◽  
pp. 226-291
Author(s):  
O.V. Liubimova
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Political Power ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Political Movements ◽  
Political Movement ◽  
Modus Operandi ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
Public Building ◽  
The Public ◽  
Roman People

On the basis of The Deeds of Divine Augustus or Res Gestae Divi Augusti (RGDA), the author analyses the significance of the legacy of populares, one of the main political movements in the Late Republic, in the politics of Emperor Augustus. The main features of this political movement, in the opinion of modern researchers, were their demagogic political style, their assertion of the sovereignty of Roman people and their protection of economic interests of the lower classes. In the RGDA there is no mention of the odious political methods of the populares that entailed conflicts and unrest but the text significantly dwells on the tribunician power granted to Augustus. In the Late Republic the tribunician power served as the basis of the populares political method. The ideology reflected in the RGDA entrusts the Roman people with an important role in the public administration and describes the Roman people as a fullfledged partner of the Senate, however it lacks the populares contraposition of the Roman people to the Senate (or to the oligarchy controlling the Senate). The populares legacy is particularly apparent in the RGDA chapters describing Augustus expenses in favor of the Roman people such as the organisation of various social measures, shows and public building. Augustus inherited from the populares of the Late Republic the idea of Roman plebs as a source of political power and of satisfaction of its interest as a mechanism of maintaining political stability, but discarded those of populares slogans and methods that had a conflict potential.На материале Деяний Божественного Августа (Res Gestae Divi Augusti) рассматривается вопрос о том, какое место занимало в политике Августа наследие популяров одного из двух основных политических течений Поздней республики. В качестве характерных черт этого движения исследователи выделяют демагогический политический стиль приверженность идеологии народного суверенитета защиту экономических интересов неимущих слоёв. В RGDA не упоминаются одиозные политические методы популяров, которые влекли за собой конфликты и беспорядки, но важное место занимает предоставленная Августу трибунская власть, которая в Республике служила основой популярского Modus Operandi. Идеология, выраженная в RGDA, отводит римскому народу важное место в управлении государством и представляет его равноправным партнёром сената однако в ней отсутствует характерное для популяров противопоставление народа сенату (или олигархии, контролирующей сенат). Наиболее очевидно наследие популяров в тех главах RGDA, где описываются расходы Августа в пользу римского народа: социальные мероприятия, организация зрелищ и строительство. Август заимствовал у позднереспубликанских популяров представление о том, что римский плебс может служить источником политической силы, и удовлетворение его интересов необходимо для поддержания политической стабильности, однако исключил из своего арсенала те политические лозунги и методы популяров, которые имели конфликтный потенциал.

scholarly journals Uwagi na temat gdańskiego budownictwa publicznego drugiej połowy XVI i pierwszej połowy XVII wieku pod kątem zaopatrzenia w materiał kamieniarski

Porta Aurea ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 5-32
Author(s):  
Franciszek Skibiński
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Building Industry ◽  
Economic Prosperity ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Baltic Region ◽  
Public Building ◽  
The Public ◽  
Stone Sculpture ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
The City

Works of architecture and stone sculpture would never have been created without the existence of a supply network enabling access to assets crucial for their production, including stone. Based on archive quarries and analysis of existing works of architecture and stone sculpture, this article focuses on the importation of stone for the building and stonecutting industry in early modern Gdańsk. In the second half of the 16th and the first half of the 17th century the city was experiencing an era of economic prosperity and became a major center of architecture and stone sculpture in the Baltic region and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The Gdańsk authorities put much effort into securing suitable stone necessary to carry out their ambitious projects. Builders and sculptors based in the Baltic metropolis applied various kinds of stone imported from abroad, including limestone from Oland and Sweden, sandstone quarried in Bückeburg and Bentheim, Belgian marble, and English alabaster. The kind of stone most commonly used in local architecture and sculpture was, however, the sandstone from the Isle of Gotland. To obtain this material the city authorities often approached the Danish king, as revealed by numerous letters preserved in Gdańsk and Copenhagen archives. Each year several shipments of Gotland stone would arrive in the city, the amount of stone reaching up to 10,000 cubic feet. Some of the material destined for the public building works was then prepared by workers supervised by the ‘Bauknecht’. He was an official appointed by the city authorities to support the public building industry and to facilitate the work of specialized building and sculpting workshops by overlooking low-skilled workers and supply of materials. Some of the local builders and stonecutters were also involved in the importation of stone from Gotland. Besides carrying out major architectural and sculptural works, at least some of the guild masters running large workshops were engaged in the supply of necessary materials. For this reason, they had to maintain a network of professional contacts within the Baltic region and beyond. The most prominent among them was Willem van der Meer, called Barth, a stonecutter from Ghent established in Gdańsk. Between roughly 1590 and 1610, he supplied the city with a large amount of Gotland stone, including that used for the building of the Great Arsenal. Other important members of the local milieu engaged in the stone trade were Willem and Abraham van den Blocke as well as Wilhelm Richter, continuator of Van den Blocke’s enterprise often engaged by the city authorities. These findings broaden our understanding of the professional practices of builders and stone sculptors in Gdańsk and the Baltic region in the late 16th and in the 17th centuries.

scholarly journals THE KNOWLEDGE PRESENTATION ACCORDING TO THE NEEDS OF THE PARTICIPANTS IN THE PUBLIC REFURBISHMENT SECTOR

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aistė Mickaitytė ◽  
Edmundas Kazimieras Zavadskas ◽  
Artūras Kaklauskas
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Knowledge Dissemination ◽  
Public Buildings ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Public Building ◽  
The Public ◽  
Knowledge Presentation ◽  
Life Long Learning ◽  
Support Tools ◽  
Building Refurbishment

The aim of this article is to describe decision making groups participating in the process of public buildings refurbishment, to identify their needs of knowledge about public building refurbishment process and to analyze the knowledge dissemination channels. The knowledge dissemination channels used in “BRITA in PuBs” project are described, web‐based decision support tools for the building refurbishment are analyzed. Web‐based decision support are grouped, the examples of their usage in the practise of public building refurbishment process are presented. In the last chapter of article the Intelligent Life Long Learning Tutoring System is presented. According the material of the “BRITA in PuBs” project the study module of public buildings refurbishment was created.

Simulation on Ground Temperature Change of GSHP System in Severe Cold Regions

2014 ◽  
Vol 945-949 ◽  
pp. 2820-2824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Bai ◽  
Peng Xuan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Temperature Change ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Ground Heat Exchanger ◽  
Ground Source Heat Pump ◽  
Cold Regions ◽  
Ground Source ◽  
Ground Coupled Heat Pump ◽  
Operation And Management

For the case of ground-source heat pump in severe cold regions in winter, the heat transfer situation of the ground and ground heat exchanger was dynamically simulated according to the statistics of a project in Changchun to analysis the change of the ground heat, which provided references for the initial design and operation and management of the ground-coupled heat pump in severe cold regions.

Study on the heating performance of absorption-compression hybrid heat pump in severe cold regions

2021 ◽  
Vol 185 ◽  
pp. 116419
Author(s):  
Qiang Ji ◽  
Zongwei Han ◽  
Xueping Zhang ◽  
Xiaoqing Sun ◽  
Gui Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Cold Regions ◽  
Heating Performance ◽  
Hybrid Heat Pump

scholarly journals Simulation and Analysis of Air-soil Dual Source Heat Pump Energy Consumption in Cold Regions

2015 ◽  
Vol 121 ◽  
pp. 1397-1405
Author(s):  
Hongwei Wang ◽  
Bing Bai ◽  
Guohui Feng ◽  
Liang Yu ◽  
Xing Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Pump Energy ◽  
Cold Regions ◽  
Dual Source

Field Study on Winter Heating Performance of the Air Source Heat Pump System in Cold Regions

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 213-222
Author(s):  
Feng Xu ◽  
Xin Chen ◽  
Hongxi Zhang ◽  
Yongjiang Shi
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Pump System ◽  
Cold Regions ◽  
Heat Pump System ◽  
Heating Performance ◽  
Air Source Heat Pump
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