Analysis of the Economic Sustainability of the Supply Chain Sector by Applying the Altman Z-Score Predictor

This paper fills the gap in the financial perspective of supply chain performance measurement, related to the lack of a bankruptcy probability indicator, and proposes a predictor which is the eighth-model of the Altman Z-Score Logistic Regression. Furthermore, a bankruptcy probability ranking is established for the companies’ supply chains, according to the industry to which they belong. Moreover, the values are set to establish three categories of companies according to predictor. The probability of bankruptcy is analysed and studied for the supply chain of different industries. The building industry is revealed to have the highest probability of bankruptcy.

A Novel Embedding Model Based on a Transition System for Building Industry-Collaborative Digital Twin

Recently, the production environment has been rapidly changing, and accordingly, correct mid term and short term decision-making for production is considered more important. Reliable indicators are required for correct decision-making, and the manufacturing cycle time plays an important role in manufacturing. A method using digital twin technology is being studied to implement accurate prediction, and an approach utilizing process discovery was recently proposed. This paper proposes a digital twin discovery framework using process transition technology. The generated digital twin will unearth its characteristics in the event log. The proposed method was applied to actual manufacturing data, and the experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method is effective at discovering digital twins.

sectoral FORMS OF REGULATION of SOCIAL AND LABOR RELATIONS: REGIONAL ASPECT

In this article, the author examines the system of regulation of social and labor relations at sectoral enterprises of the machine-building industry in the region. The study of the contribution of the industrial potential of the machine-building industry to the economy of the region and the country has been carried out. The goals and objectives of trade unions in the system of social partnership, legislative and legal acts regulating labor relations at the regional level are analyzed, the structure of the republican sectoral tripartite commission is shown and examples of the implementation of republican sectoral agreements and collective agreements of enterprises are presented. The author identified the possible risks of legal uncertainty in the regulation of social and labor relations at the regional sectoral level. New forms and mechanisms of interaction with Russian industrial corporations for solving social and economic issues of labor collectives have been formulated and proposed. The conclusion of corporate agreements is becoming one of the key benchmarks.

Features of occupational diseases at a large industrial enterprise at the present stage

The analysis of occupational morbidity at the enterprises of the machine-building industry of the region is carried out. In recent years, there has been a sharp decrease in occupational diseases at machine-building enterprises. So, in 2015, 187 cases were established, which amounted to 68.2% of all established cases, in 2020 – only 2 cases (6.3%). The level of occupational morbidity does not reflect the true situation. Incomplete identification of patients with occupational pathology is associated with the negative attitude of the employer to the establishment of occupational diseases in employees, poor-quality certification of workplaces. Key words: occupational diseases, risk factors, working conditions, structure.

Energy saving potential of occupancy sensors in intermittent-use space types.

<p>For decades, studies have been suggesting the idea of occupancy sensors in intermittent use spaces for energy savings. This work investigates the potential energy savings of occupancy sensors in hallways, stairwells, seminar rooms and lavatories of an education building. Lighting is one of the largest consumers of energy in the building industry and these space types are often fully illuminated for long periods of vacancy. Lighting is for the user, not the building. Discussions centre around light use habits, energy saving behaviours and sensor technology such as time delay and daylight sensors. The experiment uses wireless light sensors and PIR sensors to measure light energy use and occupant use of 20 intermittent use spaces. A user survey was planned to run alongside the experiment to investigate user perceptions of changes in lighting but was discontinued due to unresolved software issues. Results of the experiment encouraged the use of occupancy sensors in intermittent use spaces. Lavatories attained highest energy saving potential 54%, seminar rooms highest annual cost savings per fitting $15.47 and highest annual energy savings 482kWh and hallways calculated the quickest payback of 8.6 years. Hallways, stairwells, seminar rooms and lavatories all offer potential for energy savings, supporting the theoretical ideas and success of occupancy sensors in intermittent use spaces.</p>

File-to-Factory: Transferring Design Intent to Manufacture

<p>Digital fabrication has become a common way of producing and constructing designs more efficiently, challenging the traditional methods of construction, and the way we design. Despite the new technologies used to enhance the design process, there is still a disconnect between design and construction. Building Information Modelling (BIM) has been a step towards creating a more fluid workflow. However, it is not currently being fully utilised within New Zealand. Along with a lack of interoperability, this has contributed to the limited productivity of the construction industry. The ability to take a BIM model direct to manufacture is critical to leverage the information of the model and reduce expensive remodelling. The use of BIM tools not only aims to maximise efficiency when delivering a project but also provides a new way of working and a solution to improve file-to-factory production. Design for Manufacture and Assembly (DfMA), although relatively new to the architecture and building industry, could have substantial benefits for the way architecture projects are designed and constructed. This process consists of a set of guidelines that take into consideration the manufacturability and assembly of the design from the very beginning. Qualitative and experimental methods have been used for initial and developed testing drawn from case studies, a review of the literature, and data from interviews with industry professionals. Five interviews were conducted with industry professionals across the design to manufacturing spectrum. The interviews identified current issues within the architecture and building industry directly related to file-to-factory. A new file-to-factory workflow has been developed utilising BIM tools and DfMA principles to explore the impact this process could have on the buildings we design and construct in New Zealand. The workflow does not consist of new processes or tools but instead couples the two together. By utilising the existing BIM technology and implementing DfMA, this means the designer can consider both the requirements of the design and how the design will be manufactured and assembled. The collaborative workflow can eliminate the need for remodelling, and reduce errors, cost, and time. This is significant to the industry because it begins to streamline the design-to-construction process and allow for the industry to grow, advance, and increase productivity.</p>

Energy saving potential of occupancy sensors in intermittent-use space types.

<p>For decades, studies have been suggesting the idea of occupancy sensors in intermittent use spaces for energy savings. This work investigates the potential energy savings of occupancy sensors in hallways, stairwells, seminar rooms and lavatories of an education building. Lighting is one of the largest consumers of energy in the building industry and these space types are often fully illuminated for long periods of vacancy. Lighting is for the user, not the building. Discussions centre around light use habits, energy saving behaviours and sensor technology such as time delay and daylight sensors. The experiment uses wireless light sensors and PIR sensors to measure light energy use and occupant use of 20 intermittent use spaces. A user survey was planned to run alongside the experiment to investigate user perceptions of changes in lighting but was discontinued due to unresolved software issues. Results of the experiment encouraged the use of occupancy sensors in intermittent use spaces. Lavatories attained highest energy saving potential 54%, seminar rooms highest annual cost savings per fitting $15.47 and highest annual energy savings 482kWh and hallways calculated the quickest payback of 8.6 years. Hallways, stairwells, seminar rooms and lavatories all offer potential for energy savings, supporting the theoretical ideas and success of occupancy sensors in intermittent use spaces.</p>

File-to-Factory: Transferring Design Intent to Manufacture

<p>Digital fabrication has become a common way of producing and constructing designs more efficiently, challenging the traditional methods of construction, and the way we design. Despite the new technologies used to enhance the design process, there is still a disconnect between design and construction. Building Information Modelling (BIM) has been a step towards creating a more fluid workflow. However, it is not currently being fully utilised within New Zealand. Along with a lack of interoperability, this has contributed to the limited productivity of the construction industry. The ability to take a BIM model direct to manufacture is critical to leverage the information of the model and reduce expensive remodelling. The use of BIM tools not only aims to maximise efficiency when delivering a project but also provides a new way of working and a solution to improve file-to-factory production. Design for Manufacture and Assembly (DfMA), although relatively new to the architecture and building industry, could have substantial benefits for the way architecture projects are designed and constructed. This process consists of a set of guidelines that take into consideration the manufacturability and assembly of the design from the very beginning. Qualitative and experimental methods have been used for initial and developed testing drawn from case studies, a review of the literature, and data from interviews with industry professionals. Five interviews were conducted with industry professionals across the design to manufacturing spectrum. The interviews identified current issues within the architecture and building industry directly related to file-to-factory. A new file-to-factory workflow has been developed utilising BIM tools and DfMA principles to explore the impact this process could have on the buildings we design and construct in New Zealand. The workflow does not consist of new processes or tools but instead couples the two together. By utilising the existing BIM technology and implementing DfMA, this means the designer can consider both the requirements of the design and how the design will be manufactured and assembled. The collaborative workflow can eliminate the need for remodelling, and reduce errors, cost, and time. This is significant to the industry because it begins to streamline the design-to-construction process and allow for the industry to grow, advance, and increase productivity.</p>