scholarly journals PENERAPAN DIR FLOORTIME PADA ANAK DENGAN AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN SOSIAL

Psibernetika ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elita Kirana ◽  
Ediasri T Atmodiwirjo ◽  
Debora Basaria
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Social Skills ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Middle Childhood ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Patterns Of Behavior

<p><strong><em>ABSTRACT</em></strong><strong><em>: </em></strong><em>Children with autism have deficit characteristics in social communication and social interaction, as well as restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior, and limited interests or activities. As children grow and engage in a wider environment, this is become a problem because of the lack of social skills on children with autism. The purpose of this research is to improve the social skills of children with autism. There are several methods that can be applied to children with autism to improve their social skills. One of them is the DIR </em>(<em>Developmental, Individual Differences, &amp; Relationship Based</em>) <em>Floortime method. DIR Floortime aims to help children reach the stage of their emotional development through play activities. This type of research is a clinical case study, involving two middle childhood boys that are diagnosed with a mild level of autism. The instruments used in this study are Autism Social Skills Profile and Functional Emotional Assessment Scale. This research involves 20 sessions, conducted in May until June 2018, consisting of 10 sensory sessions and 10  symbolic sessions for each subject. The results of this research show an improvement in social skills in both participants, marked by an increase in the post test scores, but not significantly. Qualitatively, both subject demonstrates an improvement on social skills in their daily behavior after they had participated in the intervention.</em><strong><em></em></strong></p><p><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong><strong>: </strong><em>autism spectrum disorder, middle childhood, </em>DIR <em>Floortime,social skills</em></p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>ABSTRAK</strong><strong>: </strong>Anak autistik memiliki karakteristik kesulitan dalam komunikasi dan interaksi sosial serta adanya yang minat terbatas, perilaku berulang, atau keterikatan dalam minat dan aktivitas. Hal ini menjadi masalah saat anak tumbuh seiring usia dan terlibat dalam lingkungan yang lebih luas karena kurangnya kemampuan sosial pada anak autistik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan sosial anak autistik. Ada beberapa metode yang dapat diterapkan pada anak autistik untuk meningkatkan kemampuan sosial. Salah satunya adalah metode DIR (<em>Developmental, Individual Differences, &amp; Relationship Based</em>) <em>Floortime</em>. DIR<em> Floortime</em>  bertujuan membantu anak mencapai tahap perkembangan emosionalnya melalui kegiatan bermain. Jenis penelitian ini adalah case study yang melibatkan dua orang partisipan, yaitu anak laki-laki berusia <em>middle childhood</em> dengan autisme <em>level Mild</em>. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini adalah <em>Autism Social Skills Profile dan Functional Emotional Assesment Scale</em>. Penelitian ini berlangsung selama 20 sesi intervensi yang dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei hingga Juni 2018. Sesi intervensi terdiri dari 10 sesi sensori auditori dan 10 sesi simbolik bagi masing-masing subjek. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan yang signifikan pada kapasitas emosi, tetapi kemampuan sosial kedua partisipan tidak meningkat secara signifikan. Secara kualitatif, kedua subjek menunjukkan kemampuan sosial yang lebih baik setelah mengikuti sesi intervensi, hal ini tampak dalam perilaku sehari-hari.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Kata kunci</strong>: autisme<em>, middle childhood, </em>DIR <em>Floortime,</em> kemampuan sosial</p>

scholarly journals Football as an Alternative to Work on the Development of Social Skills in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder with Level 1

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 159
Author(s):  
Jose Maria Lopez-Diaz ◽  
Nerea Felgueras Custodio ◽  
Inmaculada Garrote Camarena
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Social Skills ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Football Training ◽  
The Impact

Given the characteristics of people with Autism Spectrum Disorder, it is evident the difficulties they show in the development of social skills. The scarce participation of people with Autism Spectrum Disorder in group sports can be taken as a reference. The aim of this study was to analyse the impact of football on the development of social skills in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. In order to measure the sporting impact, it was necessary to implement a football training programme with the intention of evaluating different social skills. Thirteen children participated in the programme, all of them with a diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder and with a severity level of 1. The study was based on a pre-experimental, pre-test/post-test design. Non-parametric tests were used for the statistical analysis, applying the Wilcoxon test. Two specific tools on social skills were used for data collection. The results showed a generalised improvement in the dimensions linked to the social skills assessed. This highlights the possibility of considering group sport as an alternative to be taken into account to work on and enhance social skills in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.

scholarly journals Suriyanamaskar Enhances Physical Fitness of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 240-246
Author(s):  
Akila S ◽  
Priyadharsni P ◽  
Charu Nivedita M
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Scientific Paper ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Patterns Of Behavior ◽  
Traditional Natural

In the recent past there is an increasing awareness on care for special needs population in India. Among all the disabilities Autism is gaining lot of attention and is found to be of most mainly due to the behavioral deviations of children. It is very important to identify children with autism as early as possible. This article being a scientific paper is being translated in Tamil to create awareness among the urban and rural families about autism, its identification, screening, diagnosis and intervention programs for children with autism. One among the most important traditional, natural, side effect free intervention is Yoga. Autism Spectrum Disorder refers to a group of complex neurodevelopment disorders characterized by repetitive and characteristic patterns of behavior and difficulties with social communication and interaction. The symptoms are present from early childhood and affect daily functioning. Evidence-based treatment options for Autism are limited. The objective of this investigation was to examine the effect of Yoga on selected physical fitness variables of children with autism. 20 high functional autistic children between 6 - 13 years were into yoga intervention for 6 weeks. Initial and final testing on physical fitness variables such as flexibility, coordination and strength were conducted. After of the training period post test was conducted on the dependent variables for both the groups. Based on the results it was concluded that the implication of Yoga practice might have been the source of its dominance on the improvement of physical fitness variables of children with autism.

scholarly journals Baseline behaviour moderates movement skill intervention outcomes among young children with autism spectrum disorder

Autism ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 136236132110093
Author(s):  
Emily Bremer ◽  
Meghann Lloyd
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Social Skills ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Adaptive Behaviour ◽  
Movement Skills ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Young Children With Autism

This study examined whether adaptive behaviour, emotional and behavioural challenges, and social skills, respectively, moderated the effect of a movement skill intervention on movement skills among preschool aged children with autism spectrum disorder. Twenty-seven participants with autism spectrum disorder ( N = 13 experimental) between 3 and 5 years of age participated in a 12-week fundamental movement skill intervention. Movement skills were assessed at baseline and post-test. Adaptive behaviour, emotional and behavioural challenges, and social skills were assessed at baseline. A repeated-measures analysis of variance tested the group by time effect on movement skills. Three separate moderation analyses were then run to test the moderating effect of adaptive behaviour, emotional and behavioural challenges, and social skills, respectively, on the relationship between group assignment and movement skills at the post-test. The experimental group significantly improved their movement skills following the intervention ( p = 0.02, ηp2=.19). The moderation analyses showed that adaptive behaviour ( b( SE) = 0.86 (0.41), p < 0.05) and emotional and behavioural challenges ( b( SE) = −1.5 (0.8), p = 0.06) at baseline moderated the association between group and post-test movement skills, when controlling for baseline movement skills. These findings may help caregivers and clinicians individualize treatment plans in regard to movement skill interventions for preschool-aged children with autism spectrum disorder. Lay abstract It is common for children with autism spectrum disorder to experience delays in their movement skills. These skills are important for participation in play and physical activity. Previous research has found that movement skills can be improved with movement skill interventions. This study explored the behavioural factors of young children with autism spectrum disorder that make them most likely to improve their movement skills following a 12-week intervention. The study found that children with higher levels of adaptive behaviour and lower levels of emotional and behavioural challenges at the start of the intervention were more likely to have greater improvements in their movement skills following the intervention. These findings may help clinicians and caregivers plan which types of interventions are best suited for individual children with autism spectrum disorder.

Using the Teaching Interactions Procedure to Teach Social Skills to Children With Autism and Intellectual Disability

2016 ◽  
Vol 121 (6) ◽  
pp. 501-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aubrey Hui Shyuan Ng ◽  
Kim Schulze ◽  
Eric Rudrud ◽  
Justin B. Leaf
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Social Skills ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Multiple Baseline ◽  
Baseline Design ◽  
Teaching Interaction ◽  
Teaching Interaction Procedure

Abstract This study implemented a modified teaching interaction procedure to teach social skills to 4 children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder with an intellectual disability. A multiple baseline design across social skills and replicated across participants was utilized to evaluate the effects of the modified teaching interaction procedure. The results demonstrated that the teaching interaction procedure resulted in all participants acquiring targeted social skills, maintaining the targeted social skills, and generalizing the targeted social skills.

scholarly journals Lagging skills contribute to challenging behaviors in children with autism spectrum disorder without intellectual disability

Autism ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 898-906 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brenna B Maddox ◽  
Patrick Cleary ◽  
Emily S Kuschner ◽  
Judith S Miller ◽  
Anna Chelsea Armour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Social Skills ◽  
Challenging Behaviors ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Environmental Demands

Many children with autism spectrum disorder display challenging behaviors. These behaviors are not limited to those with cognitive and/or language impairments. The Collaborative and Proactive Solutions framework proposes that challenging behaviors result from an incompatibility between environmental demands and a child’s “lagging skills.” The primary Collaborative and Proactive Solutions lagging skills—executive function, emotion regulation, language, and social skills—are often areas of weakness for individuals with autism spectrum disorder. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether these lagging skills are associated with challenging behaviors in youth with autism spectrum disorder without intellectual disability. Parents of 182 youth with autism spectrum disorder (6–15 years) completed measures of their children’s challenging behaviors, executive function, language, emotion regulation, and social skills. We tested whether the Collaborative and Proactive Solutions lagging skills predicted challenging behaviors using multiple linear regression. The Collaborative and Proactive Solutions lagging skills explained significant variance in participants’ challenging behaviors. The Depression (emotion regulation), Inhibit (executive function), and Sameness (executive function) scales emerged as significant predictors. Impairments in emotion regulation and executive function may contribute substantially to aggressive and oppositional behaviors in school-age youth with autism spectrum disorder without intellectual disability. Treatment for challenging behaviors in this group may consider targeting the incompatibility between environmental demands and a child’s lagging skills.

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