Investigate How Construction Waste Generation Rate is Different for Every Types of Project in Peninsular Malaysia Using Site Visit Method

High construction waste (CW) generation in Malaysia has serious impacts although there are very little available data regarding the relevant issue in Malaysia. This lack of data results in improper CW management and CW disposal without proper control measures. To control the implications of CW, it is very important to understand their quantity which is currently unknown. Past researches in Malaysia, found that CW generation was affected by construction methods (CMs) practiced on site. The aim of this study is to compare the CW generation rate between different CMs for on-going construction projects in Malaysia. Common CMs practiced in Malaysia are conventional construction method (CCM), mixed construction method (MCM) and industrialized building system (IBS). To obtain CW generation data, site visit (SV) method, which consists of direct measurement (DM) and indirect measurement (IM) is applied to this study. CCM was recorded to have the highest amount of waste (197.657 tons). IBS method records 77.188 tons and MCM 53.191 tons. Regarding the average waste generation rate (AWGR), IBS recorded a value of 0.018 tons per square meter, while MCM recorded 0.030 tons per square meter and CCM recorded the highest amount of 0.046 tons per square meter.

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An empirical study on waste generation rates at different stages of construction projects in China

Waste Management & Research ◽

10.1177/0734242x19886635 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 38 (4) ◽

pp. 433-443

Author(s):

Qiankun Wang ◽

Lei Chen ◽

Ruibo Hu ◽

Zhigang Ren ◽

Yanting He ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Empirical Study ◽

Construction Projects ◽

Waste Reduction ◽

Generation Rate ◽

Estimation Methods ◽

Small Samples ◽

Waste Generation ◽

Construction Sites ◽

Construction Waste ◽

Waste Generation Rate

Estimation of construction waste generation is critical to construction waste management decisions. However, current construction waste estimation methods have various limitations (e.g. small samples). To address those limitations, this research conducts an empirical study to evaluate the waste generation rate of different types of waste at different construction stages. In this study, construction waste from 148 new-built residential construction sites in China were sorted and weighted on site and their waste generation rates were estimated separately. The results indicated that the amount of inorganic nonmetallic waste with a generation rate of 16.59 kg m−2 was the highest among the five types of waste (i.e. inorganic nonmetallic waste, organic waste, metallic waste, composite waste, hazardous waste), while the waste generation rate for the underground construction stage, which was 27.57 kg m−2, was the highest among the three stages (i.e. underground stage, superstructure stage, finishing stage). Compared with previous data, the new waste generation rate proposed in this research can better estimate the actual waste generation situation in construction sites, which provides reliable information for proper decision-making. Furthermore, based on the result of the empirical study, some recommendations for construction waste reduction are proposed.

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Solid Waste Generation Rate and Characterization Study for Laga Tafo Laga Dadi Town, Oromia, Ethiopia

International Journal of Environmental Protection and Policy ◽

10.11648/j.ijepp.20170506.11 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (6) ◽

pp. 84 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mesfin Assefa

Keyword(s):

Solid Waste ◽

Generation Rate ◽

Waste Generation ◽

Characterization Study ◽

Solid Waste Generation ◽

Waste Generation Rate

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Investigation of Biogas Energy Yield from Local Food Waste and Integration of Biogas Digester and Baking Stove for Injera Preparation: A Case Study in the University of Gondar Student Cafeteria

Journal of Energy ◽

10.1155/2020/8892279 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Ashenafi Tesfaye Bicks

Keyword(s):

Food Waste ◽

Food Processing ◽

Generation Rate ◽

Energy Yield ◽

Waste Generation ◽

Biogas Energy ◽

Waste Generation Rate ◽

The University ◽

Processing Mechanism

Energy shortage is the main problem while preparing food at the university in Ethiopia. Baking of injera consumes a lot of firewood due to the nature of baking mitad and layout of the system. The daily average firewood consumption is 8600 kg which is equivalent to 790.3 m3 of gas. In this study, an investigation of energy yield from food waste is examined by assessing the daily waste generation rate from the university student cafeteria and configuring the baking stove (mitad) that utilizes biogas energy. CFD is used to investigate the performance and heat distribution of baking mitad. In the study, the measured average daily biodegradable food waste and kitchen waste generation rate in the campus is around 863 kg/day. The conversion of this food waste using the anaerobic digestion system yields 43.2 m3 biogas per day. Utilizing the daily biogas generated for baking injera improves the overall food making process and reduces firewood consumption by 5.4%. This biogas energy yield is considered to be utilized for baking injera in the kitchen. The designed biogas mitad (stove) does not generate smoke due to the type of fuel used and configuration of baking mitad. Furthermore, the stove has an insulation mechanism considered to conserve the heat loss to the surrounding. Generally, the utilization of the biogas system and integration of the biogas injera baking stove will improve the overall food processing mechanism in the university.

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