scholarly journals Effects of an Acute Bout of Exercise on Salivary Lactoferrin Responses among Smokers and Non-Smokers

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Halimatun Saadiah Ahmad ◽  
◽  
Ayu Suzailiana Muhamad ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Exercise Session ◽  
Exercise Heart Rate ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Acute Bout ◽  
Saliva Flow ◽  
Study Participants

Smoking can weaken immune function as reported in previous studies. However, benefits of exercise in reducing negative effects of smoking on salivary lactoferrin responses is scarce to date. Hence, the purpose of this study is to determine the effects of an acute bout of exercise on salivary lactoferrin responses among smokers and non-smokers. Eighteen sedentary men were recruited; nine smokers (age = 22.4 ± 1.4 years; BMI = 22.1 ± 1.1 kg/m2) and nine non-smokers (age = 22.1 ± 0.7 years old; BMI = 22.5 ± 1.9 kg/m2). In this study, participants cycled at an intensity of 60% maximum heart rate for 60 minutes. Participants were given cool water as much as 3 ml/kg body weight at minutes 20 and 40 during the exercise session. Participants’ body weight and saliva samples were collected at pre and post-exercise. Heart rate and rate of perceived exertion (RPE) were recorded at pre, during and post-exercise. Mixed ANOVA was used to measure significant differences between groups and within group. The results showed that saliva flow rate, lactoferrin concentration and lactoferrin secretion rate were not significantly different (p>0.05) between smokers and non-smokers groups and also between pre and post-exercise within each group. Heart rate and RPE showed significant increased (p<0.05) during the exercise session in both groups. As a conclusion, acute bout of exercised does not affect salivary lactoferrin responses among sedentary smokers and non-smokers men.

scholarly journals Do exercisers maximize their pleasure by default? Using prompts to enhance the affective experience of exercise

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary Zenko ◽  
Rachel Kahn ◽  
Catherine J. Berman ◽  
Jasmin C. Hutchinson ◽  
Leighton Jones
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Exercise Behavior ◽  
Exercise Session ◽  
Affective Experience ◽  
Affective Valence ◽  
Ratings Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Within Subjects ◽  
Do So

Researchers and practitioners are increasingly recognizing the importance of maximizing pleasure during exercise in order to promote exercise behavior. Self-selected intensity exercise can increase pleasure during exercise, but it is not yet known whether participants maximize pleasure during self-selected intensity exercise by default. We hypothesized that prompting participants to maximize pleasure and enjoyment would result in more positive affective valence during (H1) and after (H2) exercise, greater remembered pleasure following exercise (H3), and greater enjoyment of exercise (H4). In this within-subjects experiment, 39 inactive adults completed 2 10-min stationary cycling sessions at a self-selected intensity. During the experimental condition, participants were reminded (five times during the 10-min session) to maximize pleasure and enjoyment, and that they could change the intensity if they wanted. Affective valence, heart rate, and ratings of perceived exertion were measured every 2 minutes during exercise. Affective valence, enjoyment, and remembered pleasure were measured after each exercise session. The control condition was identical, except no reminders were provided. Each hypothesis was supported (p &lt; .05). Prompting participants to maximize their pleasure and enjoyment resulted in increased pleasure as the exercise session progressed. After receiving prompts, participants also reported more positive post-exercise affective valence and rated the session as more pleasant and enjoyable. These results suggest that participants do not maximize pleasure and enjoyment by default (i.e., in the absence of reminders to do so). Researchers can build on these results to determine the mechanisms and whether prompting exercisers to maximize pleasure and enjoyment can promote exercise behavior.

scholarly journals 84 Effects of incremental conditioning and supplemental dietary tryptophan on pre, mid, and post-exercise heart rate and respiratory rate in sled dogs

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 58-59
Author(s):  
Emma Thornton ◽  
James Templeman ◽  
Michael Bower ◽  
John Cant ◽  
Graham Holloway ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Conditioning Regimen ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Exercise Heart Rate ◽  
Large Neutral Amino Acid ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Sled Dogs ◽  
Time Required

Abstract Repetitive bouts of resistance and aerobic exercise can have dramatic effects on whole body physiology. Dietary tryptophan supplementation supports protein turnover and serotonin production, which assist in responses to exercise. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of a 12-week incremental exercise regimen and supplemental dietary tryptophan on pre-, mid-, and post-exercise heart rate and respiratory rate in sled dogs. Sixteen dogs (mean age of 4.8 ± 2.5 years, body weight 24.3 ± 4.3 kg) were blocked for sex, age, and body weight, and randomly allocated to a control diet or the control plus tryptophan diet (tryptophan to large-neutral-amino-acid ratio of 0.075:1). All dogs participated in a 12-week conditioning regimen with controlled exercise challenges at week -1 and subsequently every 3 weeks. Electrocardiogram electrodes and thoracic rib bands were worn to record heart rate and respiratory rate (EMKA Tech., Falls Church, VA, USA) prior to, during, and following each exercise challenge. A trans regression, mixed, and correlation model were used where appropriate to assess the fixed effects of treatment and week, and explore linear relationships between recovery time and week in SAS (v 9.4). No differences were found in heart rate between treatment groups for any training level (P &gt; 0.10). Working, recovery, and time required for heart rate to recover post-exercise decreased from week -1 to week 11 (P &lt; 0.05). Correlation analysis indicated that treatment dogs recovered respiratory rate faster post-exercise compared to control (r = -0.421, P &lt; 0.05). Resting, recovery and time required for respiratory rate to recover post-exercise decreased from baseline to week 11 (P &lt; 0.05). This data suggests improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness was observed over 12 weeks of training and that tryptophan may support respiratory function during exercise recovery.

scholarly journals Post-exercise heart rate recovery in individuals with spinal cord injury

Spinal Cord ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 639-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
J N Myers ◽  
L Hsu ◽  
D Hadley ◽  
M Y Lee ◽  
B J Kiratli
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Heart Rate Recovery ◽  
Exercise Heart Rate ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Cord Injury

scholarly journals Post‐Exercise Heart Rate Recovery is Impaired in Anabolic Steroids Users

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Rodrigues Santos ◽  
Rodrigo Gonçalves Dias ◽  
Mateus Camaroti Laterza ◽  
Maria Urbana Rondon ◽  
Regina Moraes Moreau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Recovery ◽  
Anabolic Steroids ◽  
Exercise Heart Rate ◽  
Post Exercise

Effect of cold or thermoneutral water immersion on post-exercise heart rate recovery and heart rate variability indices

2010 ◽  
Vol 156 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 111-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hani Al Haddad ◽  
Paul B. Laursen ◽  
Didier Chollet ◽  
Frédéric Lemaitre ◽  
Saïd Ahmaidi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Heart Rate Recovery ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Exercise Heart Rate ◽  
Post Exercise

Cardiovascular Responses to Submaximal Concentric and Eccentric Isokinetic Exercise in Older Adults

1999 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Thompson ◽  
Theo H. Versteegh ◽  
Tom J. Overend ◽  
Trevor B. Birmingham ◽  
Anthony A. Vandervoort
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Cardiovascular Response ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Resistance Testing ◽  
Exercise Heart Rate ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
S Peak

Our purpose was to describe heart rate (HR), mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), and perceived exertion (RPE) responses to submaximal isokinetic concentric (CON) and eccentric (ECC) exercise at the same absolute torque output in older adults. Peak torques for ECC and CON knee extension were determined in healthy older males (n = 13) and females (n = 7). Subjects then performed separate, randomly ordered, 2-min bouts of CON and ECC exercise. Heart rate and MAP increased (p < .001) from resting values throughout both exercise bouts. CON exercise elicited a significantly greater cardiovascular response than ECC exercise after 60 s. Peak HR, MAP, and RPE after CON exercise were greater than after ECC exercise (p < .01). At the same absolute torque output, isokinetic CON knee extension exercise resulted in a significantly greater level of cardiovascular stress than ECC exercise. These results are relevant to resistance testing and exercise in older people.

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