scholarly journals Effect of varied calcium concentrations on serum calcium, sodium, potassium and protein value during the different phases of reproductive cycle in Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch)

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-234
Author(s):  
K. Singh ◽  
O.P. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Sodium Level ◽  
Serum Sodium Level ◽  
Heteropneustes Fossilis ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Spawning Period ◽  
Extra Energy ◽  
Post Spawning

The serum, calcium, sodium, potassium and protein value were measured during different phases of reproductive cycle in Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch) due to effect of varied calcium concentrations. The calcium value was higher then and Potassium value Protein during spawning period pointing a more demand of calcium which is necessary for the functioning of a enzyme thereby also helps in hardening of eggs while protein meets an extra energy demand during this period. An increase in serum, sodium level was also observed during spawning period than pre and post-spawning.

scholarly journals Overheating Risk and Energy Demand of Nordic Old and New Apartment Buildings during Average and Extreme Weather Conditions under a Changing Climate

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 3972
Author(s):  
Azin Velashjerdi Farahani ◽  
Juha Jokisalo ◽  
Natalia Korhonen ◽  
Kirsti Jylhä ◽  
Kimmo Ruosteenoja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Extreme Weather ◽  
Living Room ◽  
Extra Energy ◽  
Cooling Unit ◽  
Indoor Conditions

The global average air temperature is increasing as a manifestation of climate change and more intense and frequent heatwaves are expected to be associated with this rise worldwide, including northern Europe. Summertime indoor conditions in residential buildings and the health of occupants are influenced by climate change, particularly if no mechanical cooling is used. The energy use of buildings contributes to climate change through greenhouse gas emissions. It is, therefore, necessary to analyze the effects of climate change on the overheating risk and energy demand of residential buildings and to assess the efficiency of various measures to alleviate the overheating. In this study, simulations of dynamic energy and indoor conditions in a new and an old apartment building are performed using two climate scenarios for southern Finland, one for average and the other for extreme weather conditions in 2050. The evaluated measures against overheating included orientations, blinds, site shading, window properties, openable windows, the split cooling unit, and the ventilation cooling and ventilation boost. In both buildings, the overheating risk is high in the current and projected future average climate and, in particular, during exceptionally hot summers. The indoor conditions are occasionally even injurious for the health of occupants. The openable windows and ventilation cooling with ventilation boost were effective in improving the indoor conditions, during both current and future average and extreme weather conditions. However, the split cooling unit installed in the living room was the only studied solution able to completely prevent overheating in all the spaces with a fairly small amount of extra energy usage.

Reproductive cycle of the Manila clam (Ruditapes philippinarum): an intensively harvested invasive species in the Tagus Estuary (Portugal)

2017 ◽  
Vol 98 (7) ◽  
pp. 1645-1657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Moura ◽  
Paulo Vasconcelos ◽  
Fábio Pereira ◽  
Paula Chainho ◽  
José Lino Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Ruditapes Philippinarum ◽  
Manila Clam ◽  
Tagus Estuary ◽  
Gonad Maturation ◽  
Oocyte Diameter ◽  
Ruditapes Decussatus ◽  
Spawning Period

The present study aimed to describe the reproductive cycle and estimate the size at sexual maturity of the Manila clam (Ruditapes philippinarum) in the Tagus Estuary (Portugal). Specimens were collected monthly from September 2013 to December 2015 during fishing surveys using bivalve dredges. The gametogenic cycle was described in detail using gonad histology and monitored throughout the study period by the monthly variation in the frequency of gonad maturation stages, mean gonadal index and mean oocyte diameter. This invasive population of R. philippinarum displayed synchronous gonadal development between sexes, with ripening occurring mainly in April and May followed by an extensive spawning period until November–December. Individuals reached the size at first sexual maturity at 29.4 mm in shell length (i.e. before 1 year old). Furthermore, the reproductive strategy, dynamics and potential were compared between the invasive R. philippinarum and the native congeneric carpet shell clam (Ruditapes decussatus). Overall, the data gathered in this study constitutes valuable baseline information to propose conservation strategies and implement management measures to minimize the harmful impacts caused by this invasive species on local ecosystems and native biodiversity, particularly over populations of autochthonous bivalves.

The reproductive cycle and size at maturity observed in Cancer pagurus in the Shetland Islands, Scotland

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (5) ◽  
pp. 1181-1189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shelly M.L. Tallack
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Carapace Width ◽  
Biological Indicators ◽  
Size At Maturity ◽  
Mating Period ◽  
Spawning Period ◽  
Functional Maturity ◽  
Shetland Islands ◽  
Egg Capsules ◽  
Cancer Pagurus

Seasonality of the reproductive cycle for Cancer pagurus was determined using three biological indicators: extruding sperm plugs (mating period), extrusion of eggs (spawning period) and presence of empty egg capsules (hatching period). Sperm plugs were found only in recently moulted females, indicating that mating coincides with moulting periods. Cancer pagurus mating indicators were observed during the summer months and into autumn; spawning occurred in winter, and broods were hatching throughout the summer into early autumn. Size at maturity, was assessed using a variety of reproductive and morphometric criteria; estimates from reproductive criteria are generally larger than those from morphometric criteria and these differences are often indicative of ‘functional’ vs ‘behavioural’ maturity. In C. pagurus, size at maturity estimates ranged from 101.6–125.0 mm carapace width (CW) in males and 110.7–147.3 mm CW in females; the sizes at functional maturity proposed are larger than those from morphometric indicators.

scholarly journals Vasopressin-induced hyponatremia in a patient with pulmonary hypertension and right heart failure treated for septic shock

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Andrew Peters ◽  
Yevgeniy Brailovsky ◽  
Vladimir Lakhter ◽  
Paul R. Forfia
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Sodium Level ◽  
Serum Sodium Level ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Right Heart Failure ◽  
Vasodilatory Shock ◽  
Right Heart ◽  
Electrolyte Effects ◽  
Rapid Correction

We report a case of a 55-year-old woman who developed hyponatremia after the initiation of exogenous vasopressin to treat vasodilatory shock. Discontinuation of exogenous vasopressin therapy, without any other changes in medical therapy or the patient’s condition, led to a rapid correction in the serum sodium level along with a marked increase in urine output. Increased free water retention due to exogenous vasopressin administration may have contributed to hyponatremia in this patient. This case illustrates the potential for vasopressin to have potent and unintended renal and electrolyte effects in patients treated for vasodilatory shock.

Plasma steriod hormone concentrations in relation to reproductive cycle of the sweep Scorpis lineolatus (Kyphosidae) caught from the wild

1992 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 753 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Deual ◽  
NW Pankhurst
Keyword(s):  
Steroid Hormones ◽  
Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Gonadosomatic Index ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
Hepatosomatic Index ◽  
Spawning Period ◽  
Testosterone Concentration ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Advanced Stages

Changes in gonadosomatic index (GSI), hepatosomatic index (HSI), oocyte development and plasma levels of steroid hormones were studied during the reproductive cycle of the sweep Scorpis lineolatus. GSI values for both sexes were maximal in March and April. During this period the size distribution of oocytes showed a predominance of advanced stages of vitellogenesis, whereas males were completing spermatogenesis. However, staging data suggest that spawning may not begin until April. HSI was maximal 2 months prior to the beginning of gametogenesis in both sexes. Plasma concentrations of oestradiol-17β in females increased rapidly from February, reached a peak (2.3 ng mL-1) in association with the end of vitellogenesis in March, and returned to low concentrations in May and June. Plasma concentrations of 17α,20α-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (17,20βP) also peaked in March in females, but 17,20βP was generally not detectable in males. Plasma testosterone concentration peaked along with other steroids in March in females but showed no significant change in males. Plasma ll-ketotestosterone (1 1KT) concentration was maximal in males before spawning (February), but was not elevated during the spawning period itself. Changes in oestradiol-17β and testosterone in association with vitellogenensis in females are consistent with those reported for other teleosts, whereas changes in 17,20βP, testosterone and 11-ketotestosterone in males are different from those previously reported.

scholarly journals Resorption of spermatozoa in the sperm duct of rainbow trout during the post-spawning period.

1983 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 387-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland BILLARD ◽  
Fumio TAKASHIMA
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Sperm Duct ◽  
Spawning Period ◽  
Post Spawning

Deltamethrin-induced alterations in serum calcium and prolactin cells of a freshwater teleost,Heteropneustes fossilis

2010 ◽  
Vol 92 (10) ◽  
pp. 1857-1864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajai Kumar Srivastav ◽  
Sanjay Kumar Srivastava ◽  
Diwakar Mishra ◽  
Sunil Kumar Srivastav
Keyword(s):  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Heteropneustes Fossilis ◽  
Prolactin Cells ◽  
Freshwater Teleost
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