scholarly journals Identification of Associated Factors and Prediction for the Level of Intimate Partner Violence against Women in Sri Lanka

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Niroshan Withanage ◽  
Sithara Wijekoon
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Age Difference ◽  
Violence Index

Intimate partner violence (IPV) can be defined as a serious social problem rapidly increasing in Sri Lanka as same as in other countries in the world. The Sri Lanka Demographic and Health Survey (SLDHS) 2016 revealed that 17% of married women age 15-49 in Sri Lanka have become victims of IPV. The objectives of this study were to determine the factors associated with IPV against women in Sri Lanka and to develop an appropriate regression model and feedforward neural network (FNN) to predict the Violence Index which describes the level of IPV against women in the country. The data records of 2494 ever-married women that have experienced IPV were considered from Sri Lanka Demographic and Health Survey 2016. The Violence Index was estimated using Multiple Correspondence Analysis. Gamma regression analysis revealed that religion, education level of the woman, husband’s occupation, woman’s married time, the age difference between husband and wife, Empowerment Indicator, enough money for daily household expenses, and household alcohol consumption were significantly associated with IPV against women. The optimum FNN consists of one hidden layer with 3 neurons provided a better prediction on the Violence Index with the minimum mean squared error for the testing set. Based on the prediction accuracy, the FNN was found to be better than the gamma regression model. The findings of this study would support an effort to develop the current policies and implement prevention programs against IPV in Sri Lanka.

scholarly journals Urban-rural disparities in wife-beating attitude among married women: a decomposition analysis from the 2017 Senegal Continuous Demographic and Health Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Betregiorgis Zegeye ◽  
Gebretsadik Shibre ◽  
Bright Opoku Ahinkorah ◽  
Mpho Keetile ◽  
Sanni Yaya
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Wife Beating ◽  
Urban Rural

Abstract Background Globally, intimate partner violence is one of the most common forms of gender-based violence, and wife beating is one component of intimate partner violence, with the problem being more severe among women living in rural settings. Little is known about the factors that explain the urban-rural disparity in the prevalence of wife beating attitude in Senegal. In this paper, we aimed to decompose the urban-rural disparities in factors associated with wife beating attitude among married women in Senegal. Methods Data were derived from the 2017 Senegal Continuous Demographic and Health Survey. We used the Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition method to decompose and explain the variation in the prevalence of disagreement to wife beating between urban and rural areas in Senegal. Results The results show that 48.9% of married women in Senegal disagreed with wife-beating. About 69% of urban women disagreed with wife beating, but only 36% of rural women disagreed with wife beating. About 68.7% of women in the sample reported that they disagreed to wife beating by their husbands for burning food and nearly 50% of women reported that they disagreed with wife beating when they refuse to have sex with their husbands. About 86% of the urban-rural disparities in disagreement with wife beating are explained in this study. Economic status (45.2%), subnational region (22.4%), women’s educational status (13.3%), and husband’s educational status (10.7%) accounted for 91.6% of the disparities. Conclusions The study shows urban-rural disparities in the prevalence of wife-beating attitude (disagreement with wife beating) and this disfavored rural residents. We suggest the need for the government of Senegal to consider pro-rural equity strategies to narrow down the observed disparities. Moreover, socioeconomic empowerment and attitudinal changing interventions using existing socio-cultural institutions as platforms can be used to deliver such interventions.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic and geographic correlates of intimate partner violence in Sri Lanka: Analysis of the 2016 Demographic and Health Survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piumee Bandara ◽  
Duleeka Knipe ◽  
Sithum Munasinghe ◽  
Thilini Rajapakse ◽  
Andrew Page
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Psychological Violence ◽  
Post Conflict

AbstractIntimate partner violence (IPV) is a serious public health issue and violation of human rights. The prevalence of IPV in South Asia is especially pronounced. This is the first study in Sri Lanka to examine the associations between socioeconomic position (SEP), geographical factors and IPV using nationally representative data. Data collected from Sri Lanka’s 2016 Demographic and Health Survey were analysed using multilevel logistic regression techniques. A total 16,390 eligible ever-partnered women aged 15-49 years were included in the analysis. Analyses were also stratified by ethnicity, type of violence, neighbourhood poverty and post-conflict residential status for selected variables. Consistent associations were found for low SEP and IPV. Lower educational attainment among women (OR 2.46 95% CI 1.83-3.30) and their partners (OR 2.87 95% CI 2.06-4.00), financial insecurity (OR 2.17 95% CI 1.92-2.45) and poor household wealth (OR 2.64 95% CI 2.22-3.13) were the socioeconomic factors that showed the strongest association with any IPV, after adjusting for age and religion. These associations predominately related to physical and/or sexual violence, with weak associations for psychological violence. Women living in a post-conflict environment had a higher risk (OR 2.96 95% CI 2.51-3.49) of IPV compared to other areas. Ethnic minority women (Tamil and Moor) were more likely to reside in post-conflict areas and experience poverty more acutely compared to the majority Sinhala women, which may explain the stronger associations for low SEP, post-conflict residence and IPV found among Tamil and Moor women. We found IPV is more likely to occur in the context of socioeconomic disadvantage and post-conflict regions. Further exploratory studies investigating the complex interplay of individual, household and community-level factors occurring in this context is required.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Determinants of Intimate Partner Violence Against Women in Burundi: Evidence From 2016-17 Demographic and Health Survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athanase Nzokirishaka ◽  
Martin Palamuleni
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Parental Violence ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Partner Violence Against Women

Abstract BACKGROUNDIntimate Partner Violence against Women (IPVAW) is a human rights and public health problem worldwide and is associated with negative consequences for the mother, family, and community. The study aims to determine the prevalence and determinants of intimate partner violence among married women in Burundi, to inform strategies and programs to reduce domestic violence.METHODSThis study consists of the secondary analysis of the 2016-17 Burundi Demographic and Health Survey. The study population consisted of 6014 married women, interviewed using the domestic violence questionnaire. The research applied Chi-square tests and binary logistic regression to identify the factors influencing IPVAW in Burundi, at a 95% statistical significance. RESULTSThe study established the overall prevalence of IPVAW at 48.4%, whereas physical violence was 37.0%, sexual violence 24.4% and emotional violence 22.9%. Intimate partner violence varies by background characteristics of the women. The multivariate analysis identified as risk factors to IPVAW the age of the woman, the province of residence, the number of children ever born, the discordance within the couple on the number of children desired, the childhood experience of parental violence, the husband's controlling behaviour, the husband drinking alcohol and husband's age. CONCLUSIONIPVAW is high in Burundi. Social, economic and cultural factors are some of the predictors of the high prevalence. These factors should constitute the basis for designing programmes and policies aimed at reducing IPVAW.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic and Geographic Correlates of Intimate Partner Violence in Sri Lanka: Analysis of the 2016 Demographic and Health Survey

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052110551
Author(s):  
Piumee Bandara ◽  
Duleeka Knipe ◽  
Sithum Munasinghe ◽  
Thilini Rajapakse ◽  
Andrew Page
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Psychological Violence ◽  
Post Conflict

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a serious public health issue and violation of human rights. The prevalence of IPV in South Asia is especially pronounced. We examined the associations between socioeconomic position (SEP), geographical factors and IPV in Sri Lanka using nationally representative data. Data collected from Sri Lanka’s 2016 Demographic and Health Survey were analysed using multilevel logistic regression techniques. A total of 16,390 eligible ever-partnered women aged 15-49 years were included in the analysis. Analyses were also stratified by ethnicity, type of violence, neighbourhood poverty and post-conflict residential status for selected variables. No schooling/primary educational attainment among women (OR 2.46 95% CI 1.83-3.30) and their partners (OR 2.87 95% CI 2.06-4.00), financial insecurity (OR 2.17 95% CI 1.92-2.45) and poor household wealth (OR 2.64 95% CI 2.22-3.13) were the socioeconomic factors that showed the strongest association with any IPV, after adjusting for age and religion. These associations predominately related to physical and/or sexual violence, with weak associations for psychological violence. Women living in a post-conflict environment had a higher risk (OR 2.96 95% CI 2.51-3.49) of IPV compared to other areas. Ethnic minority women (Tamil and Moor) were more likely to reside in post-conflict areas and experience poverty more acutely compared to the majority Sinhala women, which may explain the stronger associations for low SEP, post-conflict residence and IPV found among Tamil and Moor women. Policies and programs to alleviate poverty, as well as community mobilisation and school-based education programs addressing harmful gender norms may be beneficial. Trauma informed approaches are needed in post-conflict settings. Further exploratory studies investigating the complex interplay of individual, household and contextual factors occurring in this setting is required.

Prevalence of Intimate Partner Violence and Association with Wealth in Myanmar

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lise Wessel Larsen ◽  
Win Thuzar Aye ◽  
Espen Bjertness
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract This study explores the prevalence of physical, sexual and emotional intimate partner violence in Myanmar, attitudes towards violence, and the association between wealth and intimate partner violence. We analysed a nationally representative sample of 3425 married women aged 15–49 years from Myanmar Demographic and Health survey 2015–2016. In this cross-sectional study, data was collected by in-person interviews using a standardized questionnaire. Wealth was operationalized into five groups depending on how much the household owns. Intimate partner violence was measured based on the standard methods of Demographic and Health Survey. The overall prevalence of intimate partner violence (physical, sexual and emotional) was 20.6% (95% confidence interval (95% CI) 18.9–22.3). Less severe physical intimate partner violence was reported by 14.8% (95% CI 13.5–16.3), while 4.4% (95% CI 3.8–5.2) reported severe physical violence. The prevalence of sexual and emotional violence were 2.8% (95% CI 2.2–3.6) and 13.1% (95% CI 11.7–14.6), respectively. Many women believed that a husband has the right to beat his wife if she acts inappropriate, with the highest prevalence at 43% of the women justifying beating if the wife neglects her children. In logistic regression analysis, low wealth as compared with higher wealth, was associated with a higher prevalence of intimate partner violence. The results reveals that intimate partner violence against ever-married women in Myanmar is present, that many women justify beating, and that wealth and intimate partner violence is associated.

scholarly journals Intimate Partner Violence and Its Association With HIV Testing Among Filipino Women: Results From the 2017 Philippine National Demographic and Health Survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veincent Christian F. Pepito ◽  
Arianna Maever L. Amit ◽  
Clinton S. Tang ◽  
J. Ringgo Montaus ◽  
Edward Joshua M. Nuguid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey

Abstract Background: The Philippines is one of the few countries in the world where incidence of both HIV and intimate partner violence (IPV) continue to rise. There is conflicting evidence on the association between intimate partner violence (IPV) with HIV testing however, and such an analysis involving Filipino respondents has not been carried out before. Our paper thus aims to study the relationship between IPV and HIV testing. As a secondary objective, we aim to assess the effect of confiding their IPV experiences to other people on HIV testing. Methods: We used data from the 2017 Philippine National Demographic and Health Survey, only including participants on its domestic violence module. We used logistic regression methods for survey data to study the associations of interest. Results: Out of 17,968 respondents, around 16% of respondents reported experiencing any form of IPV, 13% reported experiencing emotional violence, 7% reported experiencing physical violence, and 3% reported experiencing sexual violence, with even a smaller percentage confiding their experience to other people. After adjusting for confounders, those who have experienced emotional violence have a higher odds of HIV testing as compared to those who have never experienced emotional violence. The odds of HIV testing are lower among those who have experienced any form of violence, physical violence, and sexual violence as compared to respondents who have not experienced any form of violence or these specific types of violence. More worryingly, the odds of HIV testing among victims of these types of IPV and have confided with other people are lower than those who have never been a victim of IPV or those who have not confided being a victim of IPV. None of the associations of interest have a statistically significant result. Conclusions: Our results suggest that there is a need to further improve access to HIV testing services among victims of IPV by making tests for HIV and other STIs part of the standard of care for IPV victims. By doing so, we can meet the ‘first 90’ of the 90-90-90 UNAIDS targets.

scholarly journals Experience of Intimate Partner Violence and Help-Seeking Behaviour among Women in Uganda

Psych ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 182-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bishwajit Ghose ◽  
Sanni Yaya
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Alcohol Drinking ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Healthcare Use ◽  
Help Seeking Behaviour ◽  
Seeking Help

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is recognised as a fundamental violation of women’s human rights and a widespread phenomenon in Africa. Women’s low socioeconomic empowerment, cultural acceptability, and lack of social support exacerbate the health and psychosocial outcomes of IPV among African women. To date, there is no systematic research on IPV and its association with healthcare use among adult women in Uganda. Therefore, we conducted the present study on IPV among Ugandan women of childbearing age (15–49 years). Cross-sectional data on 7536 women were collected from the Uganda Demographic and Health Survey (UDHS—Uganda Demographic and Health Survey 2016). The objectives were to assess the predictors of IPV as well as help-seeking behaviour for victims of IPV. IPV was assessed by women’s experience of physical, emotional and sexual violence and healthcare use was assessed by self-reported medical visits during the last 12 months. Logistic regression methods were used to analyse the data. According to descriptive findings, which showed that more than half of the women reported experiencing any IPV (55.3%, 95%CI = 53.6, 57.0), emotional IPV (41.2%, 95%CI = 39.6, 42.8) was the most prevalent of all three categories, followed by physical (39.3%, 95%CI = 37.7, 40.9) and sexual IPV (22.0%, 95%CI = 20.7, 23.3). In the multivariate analysis, higher age, rural residence, religious background (non-Christian), ethnicity (Banyankore and Itseo), secondary/higher education and husband’s alcohol drinking habit were positively associated with women’s experience of IPV. Husband’s alcohol drinking was found to be a significant barrier to seeking help among those who experienced IPV. In conclusion, our findings suggest a noticeably high prevalence of IPV among Ugandan women. There are important sociodemographic and cultural patterns in the occurrence of IPV that need to be taken into account when designing intervention policies. Special attention should be given to women living with husbands/partners who drink alcohol, as this might increase their odds of experiencing IPV, as well as reduce the likelihood of seeking help.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document