Prevalence of bruxism among Mexican children with Down syndrome

Abstract Objective: To estimate the prevalence and to determine if there is an association between anterior open bite and the presence of speech disorders in a group of Mexican children with Down syndrome (DS). Materials and Methods: The subjects were a group of Mexican children with Down syndrome (DG) and a control group (CG) of Mexican pediatric patients without disabilities matched by age. The children in both groups came from families having children with anterior open bite and children without it. A parental questionnaire, dental study casts, and a speech test were used to measure the studied variables. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test (χ2 test), and one-way analyses of variance (ANOVA), followed by the Tukey post hoc test. Results: Prevalence of anterior open bite was 31.6% in the DG and 22.8% in the CG. The total speech errors by omissions, substitutions, distortions, and additions indicated that there were significant differences between both groups (F = 31.68, P < .001). In general, no significant difference in speech disorders was observed between the DG and the CG regardless of the presence of anterior open bite. Conclusions: No association existed between speech disorders and anterior open bite in the samples studied.

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Lipid profile of Mexican children with Down syndrome

BMC Pediatrics ◽

10.1186/s12887-021-02542-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Silvestre Garcia-de la Puente ◽

Karla A. Flores-Arizmendi ◽

María J. Delgado-Montemayor ◽

Tania T. Vargas-Robledo

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Down Syndrome ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Central Obesity ◽

Pediatric Patients ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Metabolic Alterations ◽

Children With Down Syndrome ◽

Mexican Children ◽

Low Hdl

Abstract Introduction Down syndrome (DS) is associated with various congenital anomalies and metabolic alterations, such as dyslipidemias, that can lead to cardiovascular disease in adulthood. This study was designed to describe the lipid concentrations and the frequency of dyslipidemias in children with DS. Materials and methods The sample included 386 patients, 52.4% male. The study was carried out on children with DS, aged 2–18 years old, who were patients at the Mexican National Institute of Pediatrics between May 2016 and June 2017. Their height and weight were recorded, and their serum cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and triglyceride levels were determined. Results Of the total patients included, 57.5% had some type of dyslipidemia, 32.6% isolated and 24.9% combined. The most common alteration, considering both isolated and combined dyslipidemias, was low HDL, in 45.9%, followed by hypertriglyceridemia, in 26.2%. Among those with combined dyslipidemia, high TG with low HDL-c was the most common, in 17.9%. A significant association was found between dyslipidemia and obesity, as well as between dyslipidemia and central obesity. The percentiles of lipid values are reported. Conclusion The presence of an unfavorable lipid profile is common in pediatric patients with Down syndrome, especially low HDL cholesterol and high triglycerides.

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