Effective Renal Plasma Flow (ERPF) of the Individual Kidney and Renal Venous Renin Activity (RVRA) Determined Simultaneously before and after the Administration of Dihydralazine in Renovascular Hypertension

ABSTRACT The present study assessed potential subclinical markers of amphotericin B (AmB)-related nephrotoxicity and infusion-related reactions (IRR). Subjects were pretreated with diphenhydramine and acetaminophen and received a 500-ml bolus infusion of 0.9% sodium chloride prior to each effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) assessment. ERPF was measured before and after administration of a single 0.25-mg/kg intravenous AmB dose using technetium-99m mercaptoacetyltriglycine. Blood was collected before and 3 h after AmB infusion for tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) plasma concentrations. Overnight 12-h urine collections were performed before administration of AmB and for 2 nights after administration of AmB and analyzed for α and π glutathione-S-transferases (GSTα and GSTπ, respectively) and N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase (NAG). Six men and six women with mean ± standard deviation (SD) ages of 24.8 ± 5.3 and 28.0 ± 8.5 years, respectively, were studied. Baseline serum creatinine values were within the normal range and were unaltered after administration of AmB. The mean ± SD decrease in ERPF after administration of AmB was significant (P < 0.05) in males (15.7 ± 8.1%) but not females (9.5 ± 14.0%). The GSTπ and GSTα indices increased significantly (P < 0.05) by two to fourfold and returned to baseline in males but were unaltered in females. NAG indices were unaffected by AmB. Six patients experienced an IRR that was associated with increased TNF-α (P < 0.05) but not IL-1β (P = 0.09). These results suggest a potential sex-related difference in AmB-induced nephrotoxicity and provide a rationale for use of ERPF, urine GST, and TNF-α as subclinical markers of polyene-induced toxicity.

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Renal response to captopril in conscious dogs pretreated with indomethacin

AJP Renal Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajprenal.1982.243.6.f543 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 243 (6) ◽

pp. F543-F548

Author(s):

Jack M. DeForrest ◽

Thomas L. Waldron ◽

Michael J. Antonaccio

Keyword(s):

Plasma Renin Activity ◽

Plasma Flow ◽

Filtration Rate ◽

Renal Plasma Flow ◽

Urine Volume ◽

Plasma Renin ◽

Renin Activity ◽

Effective Renal Plasma Flow ◽

Potassium Excretion ◽

Captopril Treatment

This study was designed to determine whether the prostaglandins mediate the renal effects of captopril in the conscious sodium-replete dog. In a group of control animals (n = 8), effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) increased from 185 ± 15 to 230 ± 12 ml/min and plasma renin activity (PRA) increased from 0.64 ± 0.15 to 12.9 ± 1.1 ng ANG I·ml-1·h-1 after captopril (10 mg/kg bolus plus 10 μg·kg-1·min-1i.v.) administration. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and sodium excretion (UKV) were also increased significantly following captopril treatment, whereas urine volume (V), potassium excretion (UKV), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and heart rate (HR) remained unchanged throughout the experiment. When the same dose of captopril was given to indomethacin-pretreated dogs (5 mg/kg bolus plus 2 μg·kg-1·min-1i.v.), ERPF increased from 170 ± 8 to 265 ± 18 ml/min and PRA increased from 1.2 ± 0.4 to 14.6 ± 3.0 ng ANG I·ml-1·h-11 after the captopril administration. GFR was also increased significantly after captopril, while UNaV, UKV, and V remained unchanged. These data demonstrate that the prostaglandins do not mediate the ability of captopril to increase PRA or effective renal plasma flow in this experimental model. prostaglandins; effective renal blood flow; plasma renin activity; angiotensin II; arachidonic acid Submitted on September 25, 1981 Accepted on June 25, 1982

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Clinical Renal Function Testing by External Double Isotope Monitoring Technique

Nuklearmedizin ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1624730 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 10 (01) ◽

pp. 16-24

Author(s):

J. Fog Pedersen ◽

M. Fog Pedersen ◽

Paul Madsen

Keyword(s):

Renal Function ◽

Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽

Glomerular Filtration ◽

Plasma Flow ◽

Filtration Rate ◽

Renal Plasma Flow ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Feedback System ◽

Effective Renal Plasma Flow ◽

Advantages And Disadvantages

SummaryAn accurate catheter-free technique for clinical determination simultaneouslyof glomerular filtration rate and effective renal plasma flow by means of radioisotopes has been developed. The renal function is estimated by the amount of radioisotopes necessary to maintain a constant concentration in the patient’s blood. The infusion pumps are steered by a feedback system, the pumps being automatically turned on when the radiation measured over the patient’s head falls below a certain preset level and turned off when this level is again readied. 131I-iodopyracet was used for the estimation of effective renal plasma flow and125I-iothalamate estimation of the glomerular filtration rate. These clearances were compared to the conventional bladder clearances and good correlation was found between these two clearance methods (correlation coefficients 0.97 and.90 respectively). The advantages and disadvantages of this new clearance technique are discussed.

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RENAL FUNCTION AND KIDNEY SIZE FOLLOWING HYPOPHYSECTOMY IN MAN

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/acta.0.0480348 ◽

1965 ◽

Vol 48 (3) ◽

pp. 348-354 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Thomas Falkheden ◽

Ingmar Wickbom

Keyword(s):

Renal Function ◽

Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽

Plasma Flow ◽

Mammary Carcinoma ◽

Filtration Rate ◽

Renal Plasma Flow ◽

Kidney Weight ◽

Kidney Size ◽

Before And After

ABSTRACT Measurements of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and renal plasma flow (RPF) were performed in close connection with roentgenographic estimation of kidney size, before and after hypophysectomy, in 10 patients (four cases of metastatic mammary carcinoma, five cases of diabetic retinopathy and one case of acromegaly). Hypophysectomy was regularly followed by a decrease in GFR and RPF. In most cases, a reduction in the roentgenographic kidney size was also observed. However, the changes in the roentgenographic kidney size and calculated kidney weight after hypophysectomy were smaller and occurred at a slower rate than the alterations in GFR and RPF. The results favour the view that, primarily, the decrease in GFR and RPF following hypophysectomy is essentially functional rather than due to a reduced kidney mass.

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