Weight-Bearing Porous Fiber Titanium Implants in Rat Tibia: A Restricted Growth Model for Comparison of Normal and Pathological Bone Repair

This study evaluated the application of laser-induced bone therapy (LIBT) to reduce implant healing time in rat tibia. Twenty 10-week-old female Sprague-Dawlay rats were used. The rats received laser irradiation (laser group) or sham operation (control group) on either side of the tibia. Five days after invasion, titanium implants were inserted in proximal tibia. Five, 10, and 20 days after implant placement, tibiae were collected. After taking micro-CT and performing a torque test, the tibiae were decalcified and 8-μm-thick sections were prepared. Specimens were stained with hematoxylin and eosin.Results. Micro-CT images, removal torque values, and histomorphometric analysis data demonstrated a significantly accelerated bone formation in the laser group earlier in the healing process.Conclusion. The use of laser irradiation was effective in promoting bone formation and acquiring osseointegration of titanium implants inserted in rat tibia. LIBT may be suitable for use in implant therapy.

Download Full-text

In Vivo Behavior of Bioactive Glass-Based Hybrids in Animal Models For Bone Regeneration

10.20944/preprints202012.0788.v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Shal N

Keyword(s):

Bioactive Glass ◽

Bone Regeneration ◽

Bone Repair ◽

Weight Bearing ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Experimental Conditions ◽

Wide Range ◽

The Matrix ◽

Hybrid Biomaterials

This review presents the recent advances and the current state-of-the-art of bioactive glass-based hybrid biomaterials for bone regeneration. Hybrid materials comprise two (or more) constituents at the nanometre scale, in which typically, one constituent is organic and functions as the matrix phase and the other constituent is inorganic and behaves as the filler phase. Such materials, thereby, more closely resemble natural bio-nanocomposites such as bone. Various glass compositions in combination with a wide range of natural and synthetic polymers have been evaluated in vivo under experimental conditions ranging from unloaded critical-sized defects to mechanically-loaded, weight-bearing sites with highly favourable outcomes. Additional possibilities include controlled release of anti-osteoporotic drugs, ions, antibiotics, pro-angiogenic substances and pro-osteogenic substances. Histological and morphological evaluations suggest the formation of new, highly vascularised bone that displays signs of remodelling over time. With the possibility to tailor the mechanical and chemical properties through careful selection of individual components, as well as the overall geometry (from mesoporous particles and micro-/nanospheres to 3D scaffolds and coatings) through innovative manufacturing processes, such biomaterials present exciting new avenues for bone repair and regeneration.

Download Full-text

Impact of High-Altitude Hypoxia on Early Osseointegration With Bioactive Titanium

Frontiers in Physiology ◽

10.3389/fphys.2021.689807 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Yarong Wang ◽

Zekun Gan ◽

Haibin Lu ◽

Ziyi Liu ◽

Peng Shang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Formation ◽

High Altitude ◽

Bone Repair ◽

Titanium Implant ◽

Titanium Implants ◽

Implant Surface ◽

Altitude Hypoxia ◽

Oral Implants ◽

Hypoxic Environment

Nowadays, the bone osseointegration in different environments is comparable, but the mechanism is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the osseointegration of different bioactive titanium surfaces under normoxic or high-altitude hypoxic environments. Titanium implants were subjected to one of two surface treatments: (1) sanding, blasting, and acid etching to obtain a rough surface, or (2) extensive polishing to obtain a smooth surface. Changes in the morphology, proliferation, and protein expression of osteoblasts on the rough and smooth surfaces were examined, and bone formation was studied through western blotting and animal-based experiments. Our findings found that a hypoxic environment and rough titanium implant surface promoted the osteogenic differentiation of osteoblasts and activated the JAK1/STAT1/HIF-1α pathway in vitro. The animal study revealed that following implant insertion in tibia of rabbit, bone repair at high altitudes was slower than that at low altitudes (i.e., in plains) after 2weeks; however, bone formation did not differ significantly after 4weeks. The results of our study showed that: (1) The altitude hypoxia environment would affect the early osseointegration of titanium implants while titanium implants with rough surfaces can mitigate the effects of this hypoxic environment on osseointegration, (2) the mechanism may be related to the activation of JAK1/STAT1/HIF-1α pathway, and (3) our results suggest the osteogenesis of titanium implants, such as oral implants, is closely related to the oxygen environment. Clinical doctors, especially dentists, should pay attention to the influence of hypoxia on early osseointegration in patients with high altitude. For example, it is better to choose an implant system with rough implant surface in the oral cavity of patients with tooth loss at high altitude.

Download Full-text

Comparison of Titanium Elastic Nailing and End-threaded Intramedullary Pinning for Distal Femoral Fractures in Young Dogs

Indian Journal of Animal Research ◽

10.18805/ijar.b-4454 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Harmanpreet Singh Sodhi ◽

Ashwani Kumar ◽

Arun Anand ◽

Vandana Sangwan ◽

Opinder Singh

Keyword(s):

Stainless Steel ◽

Functional Outcome ◽

Weight Bearing ◽

Femoral Fractures ◽

Titanium Implants ◽

Early Weight Bearing ◽

Femur Fractures ◽

Elastic Nails ◽

Group 2 ◽

Group 1

Background: Femur fractures are common in immature dogs. As compared to stainless steel, titanium implants are lighter and allow controlled micro-motion at the site of fracture that stimulates early callus formation by limiting stress shielding. Cited literature reports successful clinical use of titanium elastic nails for the stabilization of long bone fractures in young human patients; however, there is paucity of information on this technique is dogs. This study was planned with an objective to compare titanium elastic nails (TENS) and single end-threaded pin for the management of femoral fractures in young dogs. Methods: The study included 20 clinical cases (10 male and 10 female) of dogs suffering from distal femoral fracture with a mean ± SD age of 5.70 ± 5.60 month, body weight 11.09 ± 4.48 Kg since 3.05 ± 2.35 days. The cases were divided into 2 groups; using TENS (n=10; group 1) and stainless steel end-threaded intramedullary pin (n=10; group 2). Result: Group 1 dogs demonstrated better fracture reduction score, early and uniform callus and better implant stability as compared to group 2, radiographically. Early weight bearing and minimum postoperative complications with better functional outcome including joint mobility was reported in group 1. In conclusions, TENS is superior fracture fixation technique for the repair of supracondylar or distal third femur fractures in young dogs with better functional outcome, minimal stiffness of stifle joint and early weight bearing, in comparison to single end threaded intramedullary pin.

Download Full-text

Effect of Recombinant Human Growth Hormone on Osseointegration of Titanium Implants: A Histologic and Biomechanical Study in Rabbits

Journal of Oral Implantology ◽

10.1563/aaid-joi-d-13-00306 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 41 (4) ◽

pp. e102-e109 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Marcelo Emir Requia Abreu ◽

Renato Valiati ◽

Roberto Hubler ◽

Aury Nunes Moraes ◽

Fernando Antonini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Hormone ◽

Human Growth Hormone ◽

Bone Repair ◽

Recombinant Human Growth Hormone ◽

Test Group ◽

Human Growth ◽

Titanium Implants ◽

Osteotomy Site ◽

Biomechanical Test ◽

Histologic Analysis

To evaluate the action of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) on osseointegration of titanium implants in rabbits. Fourteen adult New Zealand rabbits, aged 30 weeks, were used in the study, and randomly divided into 2 groups. In each animal, 2 (2.2 mm × 6 mm) pure titanium implants were placed in the left tibia. In one group (test group), 1 IU (0.3 mg) of rhGH as a lyophilized powder was applied to each osteotomy site prior to implant placement. Only titanium implants were placed in osteotomy sites of the other group (control). Animals were humanely killed at 14 and 42 days after surgery, and samples were then prepared for histologic analysis and biomechanical test. The biomechanical test showed tensile pull-out stress values of 33.88 N/cm2 for controls and 59.26 N/cm2 for the rhGH group at 14 days and 25.99 N/cm2 and 29.69 N/cm2 for the control and the test group, respectively, at 42 days. Scanning electron microscope analysis showed more uniform and abundant bone tissue in contact with the implants for the test group at 14 days, and no differences between groups at 42 days. Furthermore, histologic analysis also showed accelerated bone repair in 14 days and a more advanced stage of bone remodeling for the rhGH-treated group when compared to controls after 42 days of repair. Such results show that the topical use of rhGH induces new bone formation in the early stages of bone repair and hence accelerates osseointegration of titanium dental implants.

Download Full-text