Genotoxic and cytotoxic effects and gene expression changes induced by fixed orthodontic appliances in oral mucosa cells of patients: a systematic review

The use of fixed orthodontic appliances can improve someone's mastication, speech and appearance. However, this appliance acts as a strange object that may cause irritation to the mucosa epithelial of oral cavity, because of the friction and pressure from the components of the fixed orthodontic appliances which are in direct contact with the oral mucosa. Irritation in the oral mucosa could stimulate the increase of cytokeratin. The appearance of cytokeratin is then used to identify the condition of these cells. This study was a descriptive research to find the expression of cytokeratin 19 with immunohistochemical method in oral mucosa epithelial of fixed orthodontic appliances users. Sample in this study was chosen from 30 fixed orthodontic appliances users. The result of this study was determined by calculating the number of positive cells (brown), compared with total number of cells. The account of positive cells would present the reaction of the epithelial cells according to the inflamation stage which caused by the use of orthodontic appliances. As a conclusion of this study, the use of fixed orthodontic appliances may cause changes in epithelial mucosa which form an adaptation process by increasing the number of progenitor cells marked by cytokeratin 19.

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THE EFFECT OFPRP-THERAPY ON THE STATE OFTHE MICROCIRCULATORY BED USING FIXED ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCES

Експериментальна і клінічна медицина ◽

10.35339/ekm.2020.86.01.01 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 86 (1) ◽

pp. 4-9

Author(s):

I. Kovach ◽

N. Gutarova ◽

V. Alekseeva

Keyword(s):

Oral Mucosa ◽

The State ◽

Term Effect ◽

Pronounced Effect ◽

Orthodontic Appliances ◽

Antibacterial Drugs ◽

Microcirculatory Bed ◽

Long Term Effect ◽

Fixed Orthodontic Appliances

The effect of PRP-therapy on the state of the vessels of the microvasculature was determined using invariable orthodontic appliances (FOAs). The experiments were carried out on 32 male rabbits of the Dutch breed aged 9 months, which were evenly distributed into four groups: control and experimental groups (I, II, III), 8 animals each. It has been established that treatment with FOAs leads to deterioration of the microcirculatory bed vessels, the development of ischemia and necrosis of the oral mucosa. The use of antibacterial drugs against the background of FOAs leads to a weakly pronounced effect, which develops quite late (on the 20th day in the studied group of rabbits). The most effective method of treatment is the use of PRP-therapy with a pronounced, strong and long-term effect from the very first days with a minimum of contraindications to the procedure. Keywords: microcirculatory bed, PRP-therapy, permanent orthodontic technique.

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Fluoride-Releasing Materials to Prevent White Spot Lesions around Orthodontic Brackets: A Systematic Review

Brazilian Dental Journal ◽

10.1590/0103-6440201600482 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 101-107 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Patrícia Layane de Menezes Macêdo Nascimento ◽

Micaelle Tenório Guedes Fernandes ◽

Fabricio Eneas Diniz de Figueiredo ◽

André Luis Faria-e-Silva

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Clinical Trials ◽

Confidence Interval ◽

White Spot ◽

Control Group ◽

Orthodontic Appliances ◽

White Spot Lesion ◽

White Spot Lesions ◽

Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽

Experimental Group

Abstract The relation between orthodontic fixed appliances use and enamel demineralization is well established. Different preventive approaches have been suggested to this problem, but controversy remains about which is the best. The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review of clinical trials that investigated the effectiveness of materials containing fluorides to lute brackets or cover the bonding interface in order to inhibit the development and progression of white spot lesions. The null hypothesis was that fluoride materials do not affect the incidence of white spot lesions around brackets. A MEDLINE search was conducted for randomized clinical trials evaluating the development of white spot lesions in patients using fixed orthodontic appliances, followed by meta-analysis comparing the results for patients for whom dental materials containing fluorides were used (experimental group) to those for whom these materials were not used (control group). The pooled relative risk of developing white spot lesions for the experimental group was 0.42 (95% confidence interval: 0.25 to 0.72); hence, when fluoride-releasing materials are used, the patient has 58% less risk of white spot lesion development. Regarding white spot lesion extent, the pooled mean difference between the experimental and control groups was not statistically significant (-0.12; 95% confidence interval: -0.29 to 0.04). In conclusion, the results of the present systematic review suggest that fluoride-releasing materials can reduce the risk of white spot lesions around brackets. However, when white spot lesions had already occurred, there is no evidence that fluoride-releasing materials reduce the extent of these lesions.

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