Thalassiosira kozyrenkoae sp. nov. (Bacillariophyta) from the outcrops on the Taman Peninsula (Russia)

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-34
Author(s):  
G. V. Kovaleva ◽  
R. M. Gogorev
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Centric Diatom ◽  
Sea Of Azov ◽  
Quaternary Sediments ◽  
Taman Peninsula ◽  
Diatom Flora ◽  
The Sea Of Azov ◽  
Neogene Sediments ◽  
Fossil Diatoms

A study of the Upper Miocene deposits on the Taman Peninsula revealed a new centric diatom Thalassiosira kozyrenkoae Kovaleva et Gogorev. The absence of findings of this species in the modern diatom flora suggests that it is extinct. The species was likely endemic for the Sea of Azov – the Black Sea basin. Single findings of valve fragments in the New Azov layers make it possible to use T. kozyrenkoae as a stratigraphic marker and to estimate the distribution extent of the Neogene sediments from the outcrops. This study will contribute to the more precise identification of the origin of the redeposited fossil diatoms in the Quaternary sediments from the Sea of Azov.

scholarly journals Microalgae of mud volcano of the Bulganak sopochnoe field on the Crimean Peninsula

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-77
Author(s):  
L. I. Ryabushko ◽  
A. V. Bondarenko
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Mud Volcano ◽  
General Distribution ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Sea Of Azov ◽  
Mud Volcanoes ◽  
The Sea Of Azov ◽  
The World

Mud volcanoes are one of unique natural phenomena widely spread around the world. They can be found in Crimea, including the Bulganak sopochnoe field – the largest cluster of active mud volcanoes on the peninsula (45°25′29.04″N, 36°27′51.64″E). Study of mud volcano microalgae in Crimea, as well as in other regions of Russia, has not been conducted so far. Therefore, scientific interest is caused by need and urgency of the study of these volcanoes. First data on microalgae species composition of active mud volcanoes are presented in this article. Samples collected by O. Yu. Eremin (03.08.2012 and 13.04.2013) in the upper 2–3-cm layer of suspension and in surface water were investigated. The ranges of salinity and water temperature were 27–32 g per L and +28…+31 °C, respectively. Microalgae species composition was determined in water preparations using Axioskop 40 (Carl Zeiss) light microscope at magnification of 10×40 with software AxioVision Rel. 4.6. Totally 16 taxa were found: Cyanobacteria (1), Dinophyta (2), Bacillariophyta (6), and Euglenophyta (7). Of these, cyanobacteria Chamaecalyx swirenkoi (Schirshov) Komárek et Anagnostidis, 1986 was found by us in the mud volcano in August 2012. Pennate species of diatoms were also identified – single living (of genera Cylindrotheca (Ehrenberg) Reimann & J. C. Lewin, Lyrella Karajeva, and Nitzschia Hassall) and colonial species (of genera Berkeleya Greville and Pseudo-nitzschia H. Peragallo). The brackish-water, benthic, boreal-tropical species Nitzschia thermaloides Hustedt was recorded for the algal flora of Crimea, the Black Sea, and the Sea of Azov for the first time. Euglenophytes were also found in the samples – 5 species of the genus Trachelomonas Ehrenberg and 2 species of the genus Strombomonas Deflandre. Of all the species found in the mud volcano ecotope, 7 species are common for the Black Sea, and 9 species, including 3 euglenophytes, are common for the Sea of Azov. It is shown that by characteristics of halobility, species found in the mud volcano belong to freshwater complex (53 %), with a significant share of marine (27 %) and brackish-water (20 %) species. Of the phytogeographic flora elements, boreal species make up 33 %, boreal-tropical – 47 %, and cosmopolites – 20 %. Three species of potentially toxic algae are recorded: diatom Pseudo-nitzschia prolongatoides (Hasle) Hasle, 1993, as well as dinophytes Prorocentrum lima (Ehrenberg) Dodge, 1975 and Alexandrium tamiyavanichii Balech, 1994. The last species is marine, boreal-tropical, and new to the algology of Crimea, the Black Sea, and the Sea of Azov. In the article, own and literary data on morphology, ecology, and phytogeography of species, as well as on their general distribution in different waterbodies of the world, are also presented. Some microalgae species are indicators of saprobity; they are able to participate in purification of water from organic substances. Photos of mud volcanoes and micrographs of some species are presented.

Study of water exchange in Kerch strait using NEMO model of Black Sea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Sedakov ◽  
Barnier Bernard ◽  
Jean-Marc Molines ◽  
Anastasiya Mershavka
Keyword(s):  
Water Flow ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Water Exchange ◽  
Discharge Rate ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
External Forcing ◽  
Sea Of Azov ◽  
The Sea Of Azov ◽  
The North ◽  
Kerch Strait

<p>The Sea of Azov is a small, shallow, and freshened sea that receives a large freshwater discharge. Under certain external forcing conditions brackish water from the Sea of Azov flow into the north-eastern part of the Black Sea through the narrow Kerch Strait and form a surface-advected buoyant plume. Water flow in the Kerch Strait also regularly occurs in the opposite direction, which results in the spreading of an advected plume of saline and dense water from the Black Sea into the Sea of Azov. Using a regional Black Sea Azov Sea model based on NEMO we study physical mechanisms that govern water exchange through the Kerch Strait and analyze the dependence of its direction and intensity on external forcing conditions. We show that water exchange in the Kerch Strait is governed by a wind-induced barotropic pressure gradient. Water flow through the shallow and narrow Kerch Strait is a one-way process for the majority of the time. Outflow from the Sea of Azov to the Black Sea is induced by moderate and strong northerly winds, while flow into the Sea of Azov from the Black Sea is induced by southerly winds. The direction and intensity of water exchange have wind-governed synoptic and seasonal variability, and they do not depend on the variability of river discharge rate to the Sea of Azov on an intraannual timescale.</p>

Organic Matter of Bottom Sediments of the Crimean and Caucasian Coasts (Azov and Black Seas)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Tikhonova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Water Area ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Sea Of Azov ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
The Sea Of Azov

As part of the 113th cruise of the R/V “Professor Vodyanitsky”, research was conducted on organic pollution of bottom sediments in the coastal areas of Crimea and the Caucasus, as well as the water area in front of the Kerch Strait. Concentration of chloroformextractable substances was determined by the weight method and that of petroleum hydrocarbons was determined using infrared spectrometry. Both in 2020 and 2016 (the 83d cruise of the R/V “Professor Vodyanitsky”), properties of the bottom sediments of the Crimean and Caucasian coasts were typical of the marine soils of this region. This indicates that the studied water areas are generally in good condition. In accordance with the regional classification of bottom sediment pollution, the maximum concentrations of chloroform-extractable substances obtained for both the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov coast indicate pollution level III (23% of analysed samples). These values were found in bottom sediments in the Sevastopol water area (225 mg·100 g-1), in the coastal area of Cape Tarkhankut (120 mg·100 g-1) and Karadag (120 mg·100 g-1), the southern part of the Sea of Azov (125 mg·100 g-1) and Tuapse (110 mg·100 g-1). The content of chloroform-extractable substances in bottom sediments off the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus and the Sea of Azov coast is slightly lower than that off the Crimean coast. Pollution level II is assigned to bottom sediments in 46 % of the samples, with an average concentration of 72 mg·100 g-1 of air-dry solids. The rest (31 %) of the studied area was classified as conditionally clean (pollution level I, i. e. less than 50 mg·100 g-1). There has been a slight increase in the concentration of petroleum hydrocarbons in the bottom sediments of both the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov and their share in the total amount of chloroformextractable substances. In general, the level of pollution of bottom sediments by organic matter remained unchanged if compared with previous years, in particular with the data from 2016

scholarly journals Water exchange between the Sea of Azov and the Black Sea through the Kerch Strait

Ocean Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Zavialov ◽  
Alexander Osadchiev ◽  
Roman Sedakov ◽  
Bernard Barnier ◽  
Jean-Marc Molines ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Flow ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Water Exchange ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
External Forcing ◽  
Sea Of Azov ◽  
Buoyant Plume ◽  
The Sea Of Azov ◽  
The North ◽  
Kerch Strait

Abstract. The Sea of Azov is a small, shallow, and freshened sea that receives a large freshwater discharge. Under certain external forcing conditions low-salinity waters from the Sea of Azov flow into the north-eastern part of the Black Sea through the narrow Kerch Strait and form a surface-advected buoyant plume. Water flow in the Kerch Strait also regularly occurs in the opposite direction, which results in the spreading of a bottom-advected plume of saline and dense waters from the Black Sea into the Sea of Azov. In this study we focus on the physical mechanisms that govern water exchange through the Kerch Strait and analyse the dependence of its direction and intensity on external forcing conditions. Analysis of satellite imagery, wind data, and numerical modelling shows that water exchange in the Kerch Strait is governed by a wind-induced barotropic pressure gradient. Water flow through the shallow and narrow Kerch Strait is a one-way process for the majority of the time. Outflow from the Sea of Azov to the Black Sea is induced by moderate and strong north-easterly winds, while flow into the Sea of Azov from the Black Sea occurs during wind relaxation periods. The direction and intensity of water exchange have wind-governed synoptic and seasonal variability, and they do not depend on the rate of river discharge to the Sea of Azov on an intra-annual timescale. The analysed data reveal dependencies between wind forcing conditions and spatial characteristics of the buoyant plume formed by the outflow from the Sea of Azov.

Results of Monitoring of Temperature Conditions of Migration and Fishing of the Azov Khamsa

2020 ◽  
pp. 71-77
Author(s):  
Boris N. Panov ◽  
Elena O. Spiridonova ◽  
Michail M. Pyatinskiy ◽  
Aleksandr S. Arutyunyan
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Sea Of Azov ◽  
The Sea Of Azov ◽  
Kerch Strait ◽  
Flood Zone

The paper presents the results of monitoring the process of migration and fishing of the Azov khamsa in April-May and October-November, 2019. The research used daily maps of sea surface temperature (SST) of the Black and Azov seas, built in the hydrometeorological Center of Russia according to NCDC/NOAA (Operational module Yessim - hmc.meteorf.ru/sea/black/sst/sst_black.htm) and daily fishing information of the Center for Monitoring of Fisheries and Communications. It is shown that in the spring, khamsa clusters begin to disperse and move to feeding places after the water temperature reaches 11 °C, and at a water temperature of 14-15 °C, the fish becomes much more mobile and the clusters finally disperse. In autumn, the Azov khamsa began to concentrate in the pre-flood zone of the Sea of Azov at an average SST of 16-17 °C, with a SST of 14-16 °C, the khamsa went out into the Kerch Strait. The active output of the khamsa into the Black Sea began at the SST of the pre-flood zone of 15 °C and almost stopped at the SST of about 13 °C. The average SST in the Kerch Strait dropped to 11 °C these days.

A new Chersodromia Walker (Diptera: Hybotidae) from shore of the Sea of Azov (Russia)

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2645 (1) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
PATRICK GROOTAERT ◽  
IGOR SHAMSHEV
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Male Genitalia ◽  
Sandy Beach ◽  
Fore Tarsus ◽  
Sea Of Azov ◽  
Taman Peninsula ◽  
The Sea Of Azov

Chersodromia isabellae sp. nov. is described from a sandy beach on the Taman' Peninsula (Krasnodar Territory, Russia). It is closely related to C. nigrosetosa Chvála, 1970 but differs from the latter in having a dorsoapical stylus on a rounded postpedicel and the fore tarsus with tarsomeres 2–5 widened and black. It also resembles C. bureschi Beschovski, 1973 in which only tarsomeres 4 and 5 on the foreleg are black and the male genitalia are slightly different. A key is given for the eight species known from Black Sea and Sea of Azov.

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