Whither the future of Pyramid City

(Update: Beautiful watercolor paintings of the Giza Necropolis and Pyramid City ideas are pre-pended to the document). We develop an economic game concerning the creation of a player with unitary characteristics that is adapted to a rare and unique resource. To do so, we use a multi-disciplinary method to define the game, where we identify the player through a process called comprehensive treatment planning. We advance first the perspective that preservation of built heritage is homologous to restoration of form and function in dentistry, and we explore how concepts in dentistry in the approach to patient casework may be applied to considerations of preservation of built heritage, vis-a-vis comprehensive treatment planning and a generalist-specialist model. To go about this, key tools are utilized, including Oswald Spengler's model of cultures as organisms and the stone throwing construction from mathematics. Key results are existence of homology between dentistry and built heritage, and the interpretation of certain instances of built heritage as archaeo-socio-economic perpetuities. We illustrate comprehensive treatment planning with a case study on Giza Necropolis of Ancient Egypt, containing around 10 million Pharaonic stones. Diagnosis is stone loss and chronic and acute inflammation. Comprehensive treatment planning is outlined in terms of Phases 0 - 3, where 0 is emergency, 1 is information acquisition and control of pathology, 2 is restoration, and 3 is maintenance. Strictly reversible restorations are utilized in as much as Giza Necropolis is unable to give consent. The elaboration of Phase 3 for Giza Necropolis as an archaeo-socio-economic perpetuity conveys a Pharaonic unitary representation called `Pyramid City.' We build a mathematical model for the revenues of Pyramid City and of bilateral trade flow between Pyramid City and locations in Egypt and describe strategies to maximize the Sharpe ratios. We describe real-world next steps for comprehensive treatment planning, i.e. playing the game.

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Natural Tooth Versus Implant: A Key to Treatment Planning

Journal of Oral Implantology ◽

10.1563/aaid-joi-d-10-00108 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 38 (1) ◽

pp. 95-100 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Rita Chandki ◽

Munniswamy Kala

Keyword(s):

Treatment Planning ◽

Dental Implants ◽

Standard Treatment ◽

Treatment Protocol ◽

Body Parts ◽

Missing Teeth ◽

Form And Function ◽

And Function ◽

Work Done ◽

Natural Tooth

Since time immemorial, man has constantly contrived to replace natural body parts that are either congenitally absent or lost subsequent to disease or injury, so as to maintain a perfect amalgam of form and function. Dental implants have recently become established as a standard treatment protocol for replacing missing teeth. Ostensibly, a dilemma has arisen whether the implant should obviate the necessity to preserve teeth with debatable restorative prognosis. This article attempts to review the work done hitherto and to formulate a combined perspective in such cases.

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Residual Deformities of the Maxillofacial Region

Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery for the Clinician ◽

10.1007/978-981-15-1346-6_61 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1303-1339

Author(s):

Samson Jimson

Keyword(s):

Treatment Planning ◽

Treatment Plan ◽

Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

Trauma Surgery ◽

Primary Treatment ◽

Vital Role ◽

Delay In Diagnosis ◽

Form And Function ◽

And Function ◽

Primary Management

AbstractA maxillofacial surgeon plays a vital role in not only restoring the structural form of the maxillofacial unit but also aims to restore the pre-traumatic functional status of the patient. Diagnosis and Clinical evaluation with enhanced treatment planning and restoration of aesthetics and function is the key for any maxillofacial surgery. However, it is not always possible to achieve the most appropriate results in all cases. It is not uncommon to see failure or more mediocre outcomes following maxillofacial trauma surgery. The outcome of the primary treatment may depend on factors like the extent of the injury/defect, delay in diagnosis/management, improper treatment plan, lack of use in modern diagnostic/treatment planning utilities, poor execution of treatment plan, inexperience of the surgeon leading to not expecting the eventful deformities, not coordinating with other specialists to yield the most standard and deserving treatment for the patient with restoration of both form and function. Residual deformities are seen following primary treatment of trauma due to one more reason mentioned earlier. Correction of such residual deformities may be challenging to the surgeon but very often a life-changing experience for patients. It is the experience of the surgeon that helps to recognise the challenges ahead in restoring the form and function. Residual deformities are often evaluated by the extent of deformities following primary management. Apart from reasons that may pertain to the experience of the operating surgeon, pathobiology of the healing zone may also contribute to the residual deformities. This chapter discusses in detail about the traumatic residual deformities and its management, also in brief about post-oncosurgical residual deformities.

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See how they ran: morphological and functional aspects of skeletons from ancient Egyptian shrew mummies (Eulipotyphla: Soricidae: Crocidurinae)

Journal of Mammalogy ◽

10.1093/jmammal/gyz091 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 100 (4) ◽

pp. 1199-1210

Author(s):

Neal Woodman ◽

Alec T Wilken ◽

Salima Ikram

Keyword(s):

Ancient Egypt ◽

Locomotor Function ◽

Form And Function ◽

Greco Roman ◽

Ancient Egyptian ◽

Modern Species ◽

Functional Aspects ◽

Components Analysis ◽

And Function ◽

The Last Two Millennia

Abstract Animals served important roles in the religious cults that proliferated during the Late (ca. 747–332 BCE) and Greco-Roman Periods (332 BCE–CE 337) of ancient Egypt. One result was the interment of animal mummies in specialized necropolises distributed throughout the country. Excavation of a rock-tomb that was re-used during the Ptolemaic Period (ca. 309–30 BCE) for the interment of animal mummies at the Djehuty Site (TT 11–12) near Luxor, Egypt, was carried out in early 2018 by a Spanish–Egyptian team sponsored by the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid. The tomb burned sometime after deposition of the mummies, leaving behind abundant disassociated skeletal remains, primarily of avians, but also including two species of shrews (Soricidae): Crocidura olivieri and C. religiosa. To investigate possible intraspecific variation in morphology and locomotor function in these two species during the last two millennia, we measured morphological features of individual postcranial bones from the two archaeological samples and calculated indices that have been used to assess locomotor function. We compared the measurements to those from modern C. olivieri, C. religiosa, and C. suaveolens using principal components analysis, and we compared locomotor indices to those we calculated for the three modern species of Crocidura and to those from nine species of myosoricine shrews. Osteological features of the postcranial skeleton of conspecific Ptolemaic and modern samples of C. olivieri and C. religiosa are generally similar in character and proportion, and, skeletally, these shrews and modern C. suaveolens are consistent with soricids having a primarily ambulatory locomotor mode. One exception is the deltopectoral crest of the humerus, which appears to be longer in modern C. religiosa. Despite general conservation of form and function, Ptolemaic C. olivieri had larger body size than modern Egyptian populations and were more similar in size to modern C. olivieri nyansae from Kenya than to modern C. olivieri olivieri from Egypt.

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Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) of DNA and RNA

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100152148 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 47 ◽

pp. 34-35

Author(s):

Patricia G. Arscott ◽

Gil Lee ◽

Victor A. Bloomfield ◽

D. Fennell Evans

Keyword(s):

Molecular Structures ◽

Inorganic Materials ◽

Resolving Power ◽

Scanning Tunneling ◽

Tunneling Microscopy ◽

Form And Function ◽

Dna And Rna ◽

Calf Thymus ◽

And Function ◽

The Relationship

STM is one of the most promising techniques available for visualizing the fine details of biomolecular structure. It has been used to map the surface topography of inorganic materials in atomic dimensions, and thus has the resolving power not only to determine the conformation of small molecules but to distinguish site-specific features within a molecule. That level of detail is of critical importance in understanding the relationship between form and function in biological systems. The size, shape, and accessibility of molecular structures can be determined much more accurately by STM than by electron microscopy since no staining, shadowing or labeling with heavy metals is required, and there is no exposure to damaging radiation by electrons. Crystallography and most other physical techniques do not give information about individual molecules.We have obtained striking images of DNA and RNA, using calf thymus DNA and two synthetic polynucleotides, poly(dG-me5dC)·poly(dG-me5dC) and poly(rA)·poly(rU).

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