scholarly journals The free will illusion and the conscious experience within a fatalistic first-order computation (Tao)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyang Yu
Keyword(s):  
Free Will ◽  
Real World ◽  
Conscious Experience ◽  
Elementary Particles ◽  
The State ◽  
First Order ◽  
Order Change ◽  
Physical Interactions ◽  
Second Order Change ◽  
Physical Laws

Physical interactions among any number of elementary particles are governed by physical laws. First-order change is the change of the state which is governed by the physical laws. Second-order change is the change of the state which breaks the physical laws, so it is impossible in real world. The first-order change is computed out (first-order computation) based on the physical laws. Conscious experience and the feeling of free will, are the results of the first-order computation; they have no impact to the first-order computation.

scholarly journals Our universe is a state machine built of elementary particles; strong electric currents in the human neural network cause the illusion of free will.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyang Yu
Keyword(s):  
Free Will ◽  
Real World ◽  
Conscious Experience ◽  
Elementary Particles ◽  
The State ◽  
The Real ◽  
First Order ◽  
Person Perspective ◽  
Order Change ◽  
Physical Laws

Physical interactions among any number of elementary particles are governed by physical laws. First-order change is the change of the state which is governed by the physical laws. Second-order change is the change of the state which breaks the physical laws, so it is impossible in real world. The first-order change is computed out (first-order computation) based on physical laws. Conscious experience and the feeling of free will, are the results of the first-order computation; they have no impact to the first-order computation. When a control system automatically plans for what it shall do, (as a workaround to deal with the unpredictability of what itself will actually do,) it unintentionally maps the real world and its model illogically, and the way it works is defined to be the first-person perspective. Mixing up the real world and its model conceptually, and using the illogically mapped model unintentionally, jointly lead to the illusion of free will.

scholarly journals Fatalistic first-order computation, free will delusion and conscious experience

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyang Yu
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Conscious Experience ◽  
Physical Object ◽  
Deterministic Algorithm ◽  
Second Order ◽  
The Real ◽  
First Order ◽  
Order Change ◽  
Second Order Change ◽  
Physical Laws

The first-order change is the change of the state of a physical object (or pattern) which is governed by the physical laws (or rules). The second-order change is the change of the state of a physical object (or pattern) which breaks the physical laws (or rules), so it is impossible in real world. In Conway’s Game of Life, within a pattern (pattern-A), a deterministic algorithm (algorithm-A) is used to solve a problem of the real world. (Actually, this problem will be automatically solved by the first-order change.) Inside algorithm-A, a model (model-AW) is created to represent the real world, and a second-order change can be applied to model-AW. If algorithm-A realized itself to be a deterministic algorithm inside a pattern, and realized that a second-order change is impossible to the real world, while a second-order change is possible to its model of the real world (model-AW), then algorithm-A can distinguish the real world and its model (model-AW) conceptually through this difference. The physical interactions among any number of elementary particles are governed by physical laws. If the time in our universe is discrete, our universe is a stochastic cellular automaton, and each generation is computed out based on the precedent generation and updating rules; let us call this computation the first-order computation. Conscious experience and the feeling of free will, are the results of the first-order computation; they have no impact to the first-order computation. Due to the completely subjective nature of the conscious experience, it’s impossible to reach any agreement on the nature of the conscious experience between any two individuals.

scholarly journals .Our universe is a superdeterministic state machine built of elementary particles; strong electric currents in the human neural network cause the illusion of free will

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyang Yu
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Free Will ◽  
Real World ◽  
Conscious Experience ◽  
State Machine ◽  
Elementary Particles ◽  
Electric Currents ◽  
The Real ◽  
First Order ◽  
Physical Laws

Physical interactions among any number of elementary particles are governed by physical laws. Our universe is a state machine build of elementary particles. First-order-evolution is the whole series of the real-world transitions of this state machine, which is governed by the physical laws. Second-order-change is the change of the state which breaks the physical laws, so it is impossible in real world. Conscious experience and the free will illusion of a state machine, result from the first-order-evolution; they have no impact to the first-order-evolution. Both our universe and the conscious experience, are pure-mathematical-structures. Our universe is a state machine which is built of elementary particles. Strong electric currents cause the illusion of mix (i.e. mixing up the real world and its model conceptually), in the fuzzy logic system of human neural network. When a control system automatically plans for what it shall do, (as a workaround to deal with the unpredictability of what itself will actually do,) it uses an auxiliary baseline prediction to represent the real world, which is an illogical mapping. The illusion of mix and the illogical mapping, jointly lead to the illusion of free will.

scholarly journals Our universe is a superdeterministic state machine built of elementary particles; strong electric currents in the human neural network cause the illusion of free will

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyang Yu
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Free Will ◽  
Real World ◽  
Conscious Experience ◽  
State Machine ◽  
Elementary Particles ◽  
Electric Currents ◽  
The Real ◽  
First Order ◽  
Physical Laws

Physical interactions among any number of elementary particles are governed by physical laws. Our universe is a superdeterministic state machine built of elementary particles. First-order-evolution is the whole series of the real-world transitions of this state machine, which is governed by the physical laws. Second-order-change is the change of the state which breaks the physical laws, so it is impossible in real world. Conscious experience and the free will illusion of a state machine, result from the first-order-evolution; they have no impact to the first-order-evolution. Both our universe and the conscious experience, are pure-mathematical-structures. Strong electric currents flowing in the pain/reward circuitry, cause the illusion of mix (i.e. mixing up the reality and its model conceptually), in the fuzzy logic system of human neural network. (If you want to disprove this theory, you can design an experiment to test a person’s ability to conceptually distinguish the reality and its model, under different levels of pain/reward.) When a control system automatically plans for what it shall do, (as a workaround to deal with the unpredictability of what itself will actually do,) it uses a mathematical expectation as an auxiliary baseline prediction to represent the real world, which is an illogical mapping. The illusion of mix and the illogical mapping, jointly lead to the illusion of free will.

scholarly journals The challenge of transformation: Breaking the barriers

2003 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. P. Esterhuyse
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Conceptual Analysis ◽  
Second Order ◽  
First Order ◽  
Order Change ◽  
Second Order Change

One of the most commonly used concepts in post-apartheid South Africa is undoubtedly the concept ‘transformation’. In order to strip this concept of its ‘bewitchments’ (Nietzsche; Wittgenstein) a conceptual analysis is made of the meaning and usage of the term. In view of the distinction between first order change and second order change, the need for transformation (ethical and strategic), the resistance against transformation (systemic and individual) and the execution and management of transformation is discussed.

scholarly journals From causal determinism to a totally global fatalism: the “hard problem” of consciousness is solved

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyang Yu
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Particle ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Conscious Experience ◽  
Physical Object ◽  
Elementary Particles ◽  
Hard Problem ◽  
Causal Determinism ◽  
Neural Substrate ◽  
The Hard Problem ◽  
Physical Laws

In the universe, the physical interactions among any number of elementary particles, are strictly controlled by physical laws. So, the physical activity of any elementary particle, is strictly controlled by physical laws. So, the physical activity of any elementary particle, is inevitable. Any physical object, is a set of elementary particles. So, the physical activity of any physical object, is inevitable. So, every physical event is inevitable. A person has no control even over her choices. Her choices are controlled by the neural substrate. The neural substrate is controlled by the physical laws. So, her choices are controlled by the physical laws. So, she is powerless to do anything other than what she actually does. The “internal story” is called “conscious experience” in common language; the so-called “hard problem” of consciousness is solved.

The Effects of Organizational Restructuring on Frames of Reference and Cooperation

1988 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 579-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean M. Bartunek ◽  
Frank J. Franzak
Keyword(s):  
Second Order ◽  
Frames Of Reference ◽  
Organizational Restructuring ◽  
First Order ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Restructuring Process ◽  
Order Change ◽  
Second Order Change ◽  
Types Of Change

Organizational researchers have distinguished between first order change (improvements within already acceptedframeworks) and second order change (discontinuous shifts in frameworks). These types of change, when assessed quantitatively, have been labeled "alpha" and "'gamma" change. The study reported in this paper investigated an organizational restructuring attempt to achieve a first order (alpha) increase in cooperation and a second order (gamma) change in organization members' understanding of factors associated with importance in the organization. The restructuring process studied was an internal merger in a religious order. Results of confirmatory factor analysis indicated that both types of change occurred.

scholarly journals Ontferming “beyond” vergeving als weg naar heling en heelheid: “Reframing” als narratief-pastorale bemachtiging

2004 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiny Van der Schaaf ◽  
Yolanda Dreyer
Keyword(s):  
Gospel Of Matthew ◽  
Paul Ricoeur ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Donald Capps ◽  
Direct Link ◽  
First Order ◽  
Paul Ricœur ◽  
Order Change ◽  
Pastoral Counselling ◽  
Second Order Change

Mercy beyond forgiveness as a way to healing and wholeness: Reframing as narrative pastoral empowermentThe theme of this article is pastoral counselling with women who have been sexually violated in an ecclesial context. The article focuses on the exegesis of those passages on guilt and forgiveness in the Gospel of Matthew frequently used by theologians and pastors in this regard. The article points to the implications for counselling. The aim is to empower women who have been violated and who struggle with the Christian imperative to forgive. Donald Capps’ notion of “reframing” with regard to “first order” and “second order” change is complemented by the narrative philosophy of Paul Ricoeur on prefiguartion, configuration and refiguartion. The article is concluded by indicating a possibility for the abused woman to be liberated from the lingering power of the abuser. There is no direct link between them any longer. To become whole is the acceptance of forgiveness and to empower others to heal.

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