scholarly journals Updated Seismic Fragility Functions for Cold-Formed Steel Framed Shear Walls per FEMA P-58 Methodology

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fardad Haghpanah ◽  
Benjamin W. Schafer
Keyword(s):  
Earthquake Engineering ◽  
Shear Walls ◽  
Senior Author ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Fragility Functions ◽  
Cyclic Tests ◽  
Repair Costs ◽  
Structural Panel ◽  
Cold Formed Steel ◽  
Framed Shear Walls

Performance-based earthquake engineering (PBEE) provides a robust alternative to traditional earthquake design. PBEE enables engineers to estimate expected damage, repair costs, and economic losses due to downtime for a candidate design, potentially leading to novel new designs or retrofit solutions. With the increasing application of light-frame structural systems, such as cold-formed steel (CFS) panels, in residential and commercial construction, it is necessary to develop and employ fragility functions for these systems to enable PBEE. In this regard, a set of fragility functions was previously developed by researchers based on a series of monotonic and cyclic tests for CFS framed shear walls with wood structural panel sheathing, flat strap X-bracing, and steel sheet sheathing. Recently, the senior author has led in the development of a large database of CFS framed shear wall tests, including 617 monotonic and cyclic tests conducted in the last 20 years from 25 primary sources. Based on the wider database, the fragility functions for CFS framed shear walls are re-evaluated. The developed fragility functions provide updated knowledge for application of PBEE per the FEMA P-58 methodology and are recommended for future use.

Multivariate Fragility Models for Earthquake Engineering

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 441-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbas Javaherian Yazdi ◽  
Terje Haukaas ◽  
Tony Yang ◽  
Paolo Gardoni
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Earthquake Engineering ◽  
Shear Walls ◽  
Performance Assessments ◽  
Fragility Functions ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Damage Models ◽  
Damage States ◽  
Performance Based Earthquake Engineering

This paper employs a logistic regression technique to develop multivariate damage models. The models are intended for performance assessments that require the probability that structural components are in one of several damage states. As such, the developments represent an extension of the univariate fragility functions that are omnipresent in contemporary performance-based earthquake engineering. The multivariate logistic regression models that are put forward here eliminate several of the limitations of univariate fragility functions. Furthermore, the new models are readily substituted for existing fragility functions without any modifications to the existing performance-based analysis methodologies. To demonstrate the proposed modeling approach, a large number of tests of reinforced concrete shear walls are employed to develop multivariate damage models. It is observed that the drift ratio and aspect ratio of concrete shear walls are among the parameters that are most influential on the damage probabilities.

scholarly journals Empirical fragility functions and loss curves for Italian business facilities based on the 2012 Emilia-Romagna earthquake official database

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1693-1721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Rossi ◽  
Marco Stupazzini ◽  
Davide Parisi ◽  
Britta Holtschoppen ◽  
Gabriella Ruggieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Earthquake Engineering ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Seismic Events ◽  
Fragility Functions ◽  
Administrative Authority ◽  
Specific Data ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Long Span ◽  
Performance Based Earthquake Engineering ◽  
Source Of Information

AbstractThe 2012 Emilia-Romagna earthquake, that mainly struck the homonymous Italian region provoking 28 casualties and damage to thousands of structures and infrastructures, is an exceptional source of information to question, investigate, and challenge the validity of seismic fragility functions and loss curves from an empirical standpoint. Among the most recent seismic events taking place in Europe, that of Emilia-Romagna is quite likely one of the best documented, not only in terms of experienced damages, but also for what concerns occurred losses and necessary reconstruction costs. In fact, in order to manage the compensations in a fair way both to citizens and business owners, soon after the seismic sequence, the regional administrative authority started (1) collecting damage and consequence-related data, (2) evaluating information sources and (3) taking care of the cross-checking of various reports. A specific database—so-called Sistema Informativo Gestione Europa (SFINGE)—was devoted to damaged business activities. As a result, 7 years after the seismic events, scientists can rely on a one-of-a-kind, vast and consistent database, containing information about (among other things): (1) buildings’ location and dimensions, (2) occurred structural damages, (3) experienced direct economic losses and (4) related reconstruction costs. The present work is focused on a specific data subset of SFINGE, whose elements are Long-Span-Beam buildings (mostly precast) deployed for business activities in industry, trade or agriculture. With the available set of data, empirical fragility functions, cost and loss ratio curves are elaborated, that may be included within existing Performance Based Earthquake Engineering assessment toolkits.

scholarly journals Fire resistance of cold‐formed steel framed shear walls under various fire scenarios

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 352-364
Author(s):  
Blanca Andres ◽  
Matthew S. Hoehler ◽  
Matthew F. Bundy
Keyword(s):  
Fire Resistance ◽  
Shear Walls ◽  
Fire Scenarios ◽  
Cold Formed Steel ◽  
Framed Shear Walls

Simulation study on shear resistance of new cold-formed-steel-framed shear walls sheathed with steel sheet and gypsum boards

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 1800-1812
Author(s):  
Ruo-Qiang Feng ◽  
Qi Cai ◽  
Ying Ma ◽  
Shen Liu ◽  
Gui-Rong Yan
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Steel Sheet ◽  
Sheet Thickness ◽  
Shear Walls ◽  
Shear Resistance ◽  
Constitutive Relationship ◽  
Width Ratio ◽  
Shear Characteristics ◽  
Cold Formed Steel ◽  
Framed Shear Walls

The objective of this article is to present finite element modelling protocols and validation studies for the new cold-formed-steel-framed shear walls sheathed with steel sheet and gypsum boards. In this model, the nonlinear behaviours of the tapping screw connectors are represented by employing the ‘Pinching4’ material along with ‘zeroLength’ elements. The constitutive relationship parameters of the ‘Pinching4’ material were determined based on experimental data from the self-tapping screw connector shear test performed by the authors. The proposed procedure is implemented to generate the analytical specimens of seven full-scale cold-formed steel shear walls in the OpenSees platform. The load–deformation relationships, hysteresis curves and skeleton curves are compared with the test results performed by the authors. The results show that the finite element models can accurately simulate the shear characteristics of the new cold-formed steel shear walls. Finally, the effects of steel sheet thickness, stud thickness, sheathed material and height-to-width ratio of walls on the shear resistance were investigated.

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