scholarly journals Cyber-aggression towards women: Measurement and psychological predictors in gaming communities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arvin Jagayat ◽  
Becky Choma
Keyword(s):  
Social Dominance ◽  
Social Dominance Orientation ◽  
Dual Process ◽  
Video Gaming ◽  
Internal Reliability ◽  
Cyber Aggression ◽  
Right Wing Authoritarianism ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analyses ◽  
The Many ◽  
Gaming Communities

Approximately 52% of young women report receiving threatening messages, sharing of their private photos by others without their consent, or sexual harassment online – examples of cyber-aggression towards women. A scale to measure endorsement of cyber-aggression towards women was developed to be inclusive of the many contemporary ways that women are targeted online. We examined sociopolitical ideologies (right-wing authoritarianism, social dominance orientation) and perceived threats (based on the Dual Process Motivational Model of Ideology and Prejudice, as well as Integrated Threat Theory) as predictors of endorsement of cyber-aggression towards women in three studies (Pilot Study, n=46; Study 1, n=276; Study 2, n=6381). Study 1 and 2 participants were recruited from online video gaming communities; Study 2 comprised responses collected during or after a livestream of YouTubers doing the survey went viral. The YouTubers criticized feminism and alleged that female gamers had privilege in the gaming community. In all three studies, exploratory factor analyses suggested endorsement of cyber-aggression towards women is a unidimensional psychological construct and the scale demonstrated great internal reliability. In path analyses, social dominance orientation emerged as the most consistent predictor of endorsement of cyber-aggression towards women, mediated, in part, by perceived threats.

Stopping wolves in the wild and legitimizing meat consumption: Effects of right-wing authoritarianism and social dominance on animal-related behaviors

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 804-817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia C. Becker ◽  
Helena R. M. Radke ◽  
Maja Kutlaca
Keyword(s):  
Social Dominance ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Social Dominance Orientation ◽  
Meat Consumption ◽  
Dual Process ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Dual Process Model ◽  
Right Wing Authoritarianism ◽  
In The Wild

In the present research, we applied the dual process model of ideology and prejudice to beliefs and behavioral intentions toward animals. In Study 1 ( N = 126), we demonstrate in a community sample that right-wing authoritarianism (RWA) predicts support for restricting the distribution of wolves and bears in the wild mediated by perceived threat elicited from the animal outgroups. In contrast, social dominance orientation (SDO) had an indirect effect on the legitimization of meat consumption via endorsement of human supremacy beliefs. In Study 2 ( N = 223), we examined the causal direction of the dual process model using an experimental approach. Results show that RWA predicts support for restricting the free movement of a new animal species in the wild only when it is perceived to be threatening for humans. However, SDO predicted perceived legitimacy of meat consumption, regardless of whether the new animal species was characterized as lower or higher in status compared to other animals. Implications of these findings are discussed.

scholarly journals Being mindful in the tax context in Italy: Examining whether and how mindfulness relates with tax evasion intentions and support for tax progressivity

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0253627
Author(s):  
Valeria De Cristofaro ◽  
Mauro Giacomantonio ◽  
Valerio Pellegrini ◽  
Marco Salvati ◽  
Luigi Leone
Keyword(s):  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Social Dominance ◽  
Social Dominance Orientation ◽  
Dual Process ◽  
Tax Rates ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Progressive Taxation ◽  
Right Wing Authoritarianism ◽  
Tax Progressivity ◽  
Motivational Model

Two studies explored whether and how mindfulness relates with citizens’ tax evasion intentions and support for progressive tax rates. Based on theoretical and empirical grounds, in Study 1 (N = 1,175) we proposed that mindfulness would be negatively related with tax evasion intentions through decreased social dominance orientation. Drawing on Duckitt’s dual-process motivational model, in Study 2 (N = 722) we proposed that mindfulness would be positively related with support for progressive taxation through the mediation of lower competitive-jungle beliefs, and then lower social dominance orientation. Instead, we did not expect to find mediation of the link between mindfulness and support for progressive taxation through dangerous-world beliefs and right-wing authoritarianism. These studies inform about the motivational pathways through which mindfulness relates with tax evasion intentions and support for progressive taxation.

Does Personality "Trump" Ideology? Narcissism Predicts Support for Trump via Ideological Tendencies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Hart
Keyword(s):  
Social Dominance ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Social Dominance Orientation ◽  
Dual Process ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
White House ◽  
Policy Positions ◽  
Right Wing Authoritarianism ◽  
2016 Election ◽  
Conservative Policy

US President Donald Trump's 2016 election victory defied expectations. Trump was an unconventional candidate, and his presidency has been true to form. What accounts for his popularity? Integrating work on narcissism with Duckitt's (2001) dual-process model of ideology, we propose that individuals higher in narcissism are more likely to adopt right-wing authoritarian and social-dominance oriented attitudes, which lead them to embrace socially and economically conservative policy positions, respectively. Thus, they are receptive to Trump's anti-immigration stance, a centerpiece of his political messaging from the campaign trail to the White House. The present study yielded results consistent with this analysis: Right-wing authoritarianism and social-dominance orientation mediated the association between narcissism and Trump support, via social and economic conservatism and immigration attitudes.

Right wing authoritarianism, social dominance orientation and the dimensions of generalized prejudice

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Duckitt ◽  
Chris G. Sibley
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Social Dominance ◽  
Social Dominance Orientation ◽  
Process Approach ◽  
Dual Process ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Right Wing Authoritarianism ◽  
Hierarchical Linear Modelling ◽  
Generalized Dimension ◽  
Linear Modelling

Prior research suggests that individuals' prejudiced attitudes form a single generalized dimension predicted by Right Wing Authoritarianism (RWA) and Social Dominance Orientation (SDO). A dual process approach, however, expects different domains of generalized prejudice that relate differentially to RWA and SDO. To test this, 212 participants rated attitudes to 24 typically disliked groups. Factor analysis revealed three distinct generalized prejudice dimensions. Hierarchical Linear Modelling indicated that attitudes towards a ‘dangerous’ groups domain was significantly related only with RWA, attitudes toward a second ‘derogated’ groups domain was related only to SDO, and attitudes toward a third, ‘dissident’ groups, domain was significantly related to both, but powerfully with RWA and weakly with SDO. These findings have implications for explaining and reducing prejudice. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Right‐wing authoritarianism and social dominance orientation and the dimensions of generalized prejudice: A longitudinal test

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 324-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Asbrock ◽  
Chris G. Sibley ◽  
John Duckitt
Keyword(s):  
Social Perception ◽  
Social Dominance ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Social Dominance Orientation ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Dual Process ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Causal Effects ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Right Wing Authoritarianism

A Dual Process Model (DPM) approach to prejudice proposes that there should be at least two dimensions of generalized prejudice relating to outgroup stratification and social perception, which should be differentially predicted by Right‐Wing Authoritarianism (RWA) and Social Dominance Orientation (SDO). The current study assessed the causal effects of SDO and RWA on three dimensions of prejudice using a full cross‐lagged longitudinal sample (N = 127). As expected, RWA, but not SDO, predicted prejudice towards ‘dangerous’ groups, SDO, but not RWA, predicted prejudice towards ‘derogated’ groups, and both RWA and SDO predicted prejudice towards ‘dissident’ groups. Results support previously untested causal predictions derived from the DPM and indicate that different forms of prejudice result from different SDO‐ and RWA‐based motivational processes. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

scholarly journals The Underpinnings of Ageism: Multiple Mediational Model of Epistemological Style, Social Dominance Orientation, Right-Wing Authoritarianism, and Ageist Attitudes

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Richard S. Henry ◽  
Paul B. Perrin ◽  
Erin R. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Social Dominance ◽  
Belief Systems ◽  
Social Dominance Orientation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Dual Process ◽  
National Study ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Naive Realism ◽  
Naïve Realism ◽  
Right Wing Authoritarianism

This study seeks to understand the psychological factors that may contribute to the development and endorsement of ageist belief systems. Dual process theory is used to examine how one’s worldview, beliefs in social hierarchy, authoritarian aggression, authoritarian submission, and conventionalism predict ageist attitudes. Participants living in the United States (n = 407) in 49 states and territories were recruited through this online national study and completed surveys of their ageist beliefs, epistemological style, social dominance orientation (SDO), and right-wing authoritarianism (RWA). RWA, SDO, and naïve realism were all positively associated with ageist beliefs. A hypothesized path model and two alternative models suggested the retention of a model whereby naïve realism led to RWA, which led to SDO, and finally to ageism. All possible direct and indirect effects were significant within the retained model, suggesting the presence of a multiple mediation. The fit of this model was superior to that of models testing alternative theoretical causal chains. Naïve realism may lead to authoritarian aggression, authoritarian submission, and conventionalism, which may then increase the value that people place on social hierarchies, and this may influence the development and retention of ageist beliefs. Helping people to understand what their basic beliefs about the world are and how they may play a role in the development of ageism may assist in reducing ageist attitudes.

Differential Effects of Right–Wing Authoritarianism and Social Dominance Orientation on Dimensions of Generalized Prejudice in Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara Cantal ◽  
Taciano L. Milfont ◽  
Marc S. Wilson ◽  
Valdiney V. Gouveia
Keyword(s):  
Social Dominance ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Social Dominance Orientation ◽  
Dual Process ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Personality Psychology ◽  
Differential Prediction ◽  
Right Wing Authoritarianism

Previous research within a dual–process cognitive–motivational theory of ideology and prejudice has indicated that dimensions of generalized prejudice are structured around attitudes towards dangerous, derogated and dissident groups, and that these prejudice dimensions are differentially predicted by the ideological attitudes of Right–Wing Authoritarianism (RWA) and Social Dominance Orientation (SDO). However, to date, these findings have been restricted to New Zealand samples. We describe two studies examining whether the structure of prejudiced attitudes and the differential prediction by RWA and SDO replicate in the Brazilian context, incorporating context–relevant examples of each group—politicians, those from the northeast region of Brazil, and environmentalists. Results broadly supported the three–factor structure of dangerous, derogated, and dissident groups. Consistent with previous research, regression and structural equation analyses showed that RWA explained prejudice against dangerous groups, SDO explained prejudice against derogated groups, and both RWA and SDO explained prejudice against dissident groups. This research provides some evidence for the generalizability of the three–dimensional structure of generalized prejudice and differential prediction by RWA and SDO. Copyright © 2014 European Association of Personality Psychology

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