scholarly journals Verbal Insight Revisited: fMRI evidence for early processing in bilateral insulae for solutions with AHA! experience shortly after trial onset

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxi Becker ◽  
Tobias Sommer ◽  
Simone Kühn
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Semantic Priming ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Solution Process ◽  
Fmri Study ◽  
Trial Onset ◽  
Insight Problem Solving ◽  
Early Processing ◽  
Subliminal Processing

In insight problem solving solutions with AHA! experience have been assumed to be the consequence of restructuring of a problem which usually takes place shortly before the solution. However, evidence from priming studies suggests that solutions with AHA! are not spontaneously generated during the solution process but already relate to prior subliminal processing. We test this hypothesis by conducting an fMRI study using a modified compound remote associates paradigm which incorporates semantic priming. We observe stronger brain activity in bilateral anterior insulae already shortly after trial onset in problems that were later solved with than without AHA!. This early activity was independent of semantic priming but may be related to other lexical properties of attended words helping to reduce the amount of solutions to look for. In contrast, there was more brain activity in bilateral anterior insulae during solutions that were solved without than with AHA!. This timing (after trial start / during solution) x solution experience (with / without AHA!) interaction was significant.The results suggest that a) solutions accompanied with AHA! relate to early solution-relevant processing and b) both solution experiences differ in timing when solution-relevant processing takes place. In this context, we discuss the potential role of the anterior insula as part of the salience network involved in problem-solving by allocating attentional resources.

scholarly journals The research of the role of interhemispheric interaction in problem solving: some behavioral and physiological results

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-46
Author(s):  
A.R. Luneva ◽  
S.Yu. Korovkin
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Right Visual Field ◽  
Interhemispheric Interaction ◽  
Creative Problem Solving ◽  
Joint Work ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Insight Problem Solving ◽  
Creative Problem

In this paper we describe the role of interhemispheric interaction in problem solving. We have some ex- perimental hypotheses as a result of analysis of various theoretical approaches of corpus callosum functions and role of interhemispheric interaction in creative problem solving. In our research we adhere to the theory of joint work of two hemispheres during creative problem solving and the complex theory of the corpus cal- losum function. In this study we used a method of parallel probe tasks (choice of two simple alternatives) that was performed at the same time with the main problem task (insight or routine). Interhemispheric interaction was complicated by contralateral probe tasks. It means, when subject solve insight or routine problem, probe task was presented in the left/right visual field and was performed by the left/right hand. We register brain activity (EEG) during the whole experiment. The results showed us the specificity of mechanism of insight solution compared to routine solution, and that the interhemispheric interaction plays a significant role in insight problem solving.

scholarly journals From “Hmmm…” to “Aha!”: Emotional Monitoring of Representational Change

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 658-681
Author(s):  
И.Ю. Владимиров ◽  
И.Н. Макаров
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Solution Process ◽  
Search Space ◽  
Insight Problem ◽  
Multimodal Corpora ◽  
Insight Problem Solving ◽  
Representational Change ◽  
The Relationship

There are two common approaches to researching insight: the study of the emotional response to a solution (Aha! experience) and the study of the restructuring of representations. The relationship between them can be found by comparing functions they perform relative to each other. For the experimental investigation of insight, problems that are typically being used can be solved within a little amount of time and are highly similar in their structure. We believe that such laboratory designs of the tasks often lead to researchers missing out on the moments of impasse and initial restructuring of the search space. In the current study, using the method of multimodal corpora constructed from individual solutions, we gained partial confirmation of the key statements of the model of emotional regulation of the representational change. According to the model, an insight solution process is accompanied by emotions regulating the process of representational change. A feeling of impasse is a response to the lack of progress towards the solution. An Aha! experience appears in response to solvers performing actions that bring them a huge step closer to the solution of a problem. We believe that these emotional responses are experienced before the solution reaches consciousness and they motivate the solver to adapt their search space accordingly. The model we propose is a development of the ideas of Ya.A. Ponomarev on the role of emotions in regulating of insight problem solving andmodel of M. Ollinger and colleagues describing the phases of insight problem solving.

A cognitive neuroscience perspective on insight as a memory process: encoding the solution

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasmin M. Kizilirmak ◽  
Maxi Becker
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Cognitive Neuroscience ◽  
Memory Formation ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Memory Process ◽  
Insight Problem ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Insight Problem Solving

This is one of two chapters on "A cognitive neuroscience perspective on insight as a memory process" to be published in the "Routledge International Handbook of Creative Cognition" by L. J. Ball & F. Valleé-Tourangeau (Eds.). While the previous chapter discussed the role of long-term memory for solving problems by insight [https://psyarxiv.com/zv4dk], the current chapter focuses on the role of insight problem solving for long-term memory formation. Insight in problem solving has long been assumed to facilitate memory formation for the problem and its solution. Here, we discuss cognitive, affective, and neurocognitive candidate mechanisms that may underlie learning in insight problem solving. We conclude that insight appears to combine several beneficial effects that each on their own have been found to facilitate long-term memory formation: the generation effect, subjective importance of the discovery of the solution, intrinsic reward, schema congruence, and level-of-processing. A distributed set of brain regions is identified that is associated with these processes. On the one hand, the more affective response related to pleasure, surprise, and novelty detection is linked to amygdala, ventral striatum, and dopaminergic midbrain activity, supporting an important role of reward learning. On the other hand, insight as completing a schema is associated with prior knowledge dependent and medial prefrontal cortex mediated memory formation. Thus, learning by insight may reflect a fast route to cortical memory representations. However, many open questions remain, which we explicitly point out during this review.

Neural correlates of the “Aha” experiences: Evidence from an fMRI study of insight problem solving

Cortex ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiang Qiu ◽  
Hong Li ◽  
Jerwen Jou ◽  
Jia Liu ◽  
Yuejia Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Insight Problem ◽  
Fmri Study ◽  
Insight Problem Solving

scholarly journals Reading in a Regular Orthography: An fMRI Study Investigating the Role of Visual Familiarity

2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 727-741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anja Ischebeck ◽  
Peter Indefrey ◽  
Nobuo Usui ◽  
Izuru Nose ◽  
Frauke Hellwig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Processing ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Decision Task ◽  
Phonological Encoding ◽  
Fmri Study ◽  
Dual Route Model ◽  
Japanese Kana ◽  
Familiar Form

In order to separate the cognitive processes associated with phonological encoding and the use of a visual word form lexicon in reading, it is desirable to compare the processing of words presented in a visually familiar form with words in a visually unfamiliar form. Japanese Kana orthography offers this possibility. Two phonologically equivalent but visually dissimilar syllabaries allow the writing of, for example, foreign loanwords in two ways, only one of which is visually familiar. Familiarly written words, unfamiliarly written words, and pseudowords were presented in both Kana syllabaries (yielding six conditions in total) to participants during an fMRI measurement with a silent articulation task (Experiment 1) and a phonological lexical decision task (Experiment 2) using an event-related design. Consistent over two experimental tasks, the three different stimulus types (familiar, unfamiliar, and pseudoword) were found to activate selectively different brain regions previously associated with phonological encoding and word retrieval or meaning. Compatible with the predictions of the dual-route model for reading, pseudowords and visually unfamiliar words, which have to be read using phonological assembly, caused an increase in brain activity in left inferior frontal regions (BA 44/47), as compared to visually familiar words. Visually familiar and unfamiliar words were found to activate a range of areas associated with lexico-semantic processing more strongly than pseudowords, such as the left and right temporo-parietal region (BA 39/40), a region in the left middle/inferior temporal gyrus (BA 20/21), and the posterior cingulate (BA 31).

scholarly journals The Role of Motor Activity in Insight Problem Solving (the Case of the Nine-Dot Problem)

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Spiridonov ◽  
Nikita Loginov ◽  
Ivan Ivanchei ◽  
Andrei V. Kurgansky
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Motor Activity ◽  
Insight Problem ◽  
Insight Problem Solving

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF TRAINING OR HINTS RELATING TO “THINKING IN OPPOSITES” IN INSIGHT PROBLEM SOLVING

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Branchini ◽  
◽  
Roberto Burro ◽  
Elena Capitani ◽  
Ugo Savardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Insight Problem ◽  
Insight Problem Solving
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