scholarly journals Engagement with fat talk as a function of social comparison and body image concerns: Two replication studies support main effects but do not support an interaction effect.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Victor Pollet ◽  
Sarah Dawson ◽  
Martin Tovee ◽  
Piers Cornelissen ◽  
Katri Cornelissen
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Social Comparison ◽  
Interaction Effect ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Fat Talk ◽  
Eating Disordered ◽  
Replication Studies ◽  
Multiplicative Relationship ◽  
Main Effects

Verbal denigration of personal body size and shape (“fat talk”) and engagement in social comparison has been linked to the development of body dissatisfaction and eating disordered behaviour. A key question is whether the relationship between these two predictors is additive or multiplicative, as the latter relationship would imply a far more serious impact on body dissatisfaction. A previous report has suggested a multiplicative relationship, and in two separate studies we replicated this study. In each study, female participants filled in fat talk, social comparison and body dissatisfaction measures. In the first study, 189 UK participants took part and in the second study, 371 US participants took part. Both studies found significant correlations between all three measures but no interaction effect, consistent with an additive not a multiplicative relationship. In a further test, we used a mini meta-analysis to combine the results of the two studies reported here with the results of the original study. Again, we found no evidence of an interaction. In conclusion, these studies show an additive relationship between fat talk and social comparison, suggesting their impact on body image is serious but not as serious as previously reported.

scholarly journals Fat talk is predicted by body dissatisfaction and social comparison with no interaction effect: Evidence from two replication studies

Body Image ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 317-324
Author(s):  
Thomas V. Pollet ◽  
Sarah Dawson ◽  
Martin J. Tovée ◽  
Piers L. Cornelissen ◽  
Katri K. Cornelissen
Keyword(s):  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Social Comparison ◽  
Interaction Effect ◽  
Fat Talk ◽  
Replication Studies

scholarly journals How the Exposure to Beauty Ideals on Social Networking Sites Influences Body Image: A Systematic Review of Experimental Studies

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Fioravanti ◽  
Sara Bocci Benucci ◽  
Giulia Ceragioli ◽  
Silvia Casale
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Social Comparison ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Body Positive ◽  
Appearance Comparison ◽  
Beauty Ideals

AbstractSharing and viewing photos on social networking sites (SNSs) have been identified as particularly problematic for body image. Although correlational research to date has established that SNS use is associated with increased body dissatisfaction, only experimental studies can enhance confidence in the conclusions drawn. For this reason, this systematic review synthesizes data from 43 experimental studies (N = 8637; %F = 89.56; mean age = 21.58 ± 1.78) examining the effect of viewing idealized images (i.e., attractive, thin, and fit) and body positive content on SNSs on body image. Two studies were conducted on adolescents. Each study had slight variations in how the images were presented for each category (e.g., selfies and photos taken by others). The wide variability in experimental stimuli and psychological moderators used in the published research make a systematic review more feasible and meaningful than a meta-analysis. Findings indicate that viewing idealized images on SNSs lead to increased body dissatisfaction among young women and men. State appearance comparison (i.e., engaging in social comparison while viewing images) significantly mediated the effect, whereas trait appearance comparison (i.e., the relatively stable general tendency to engage in social comparison) was a significant moderator. Mixed results were found regarding the exposure to body positive images/captions. Viewing images on SNSs depicting unattainable beauty ideals leads young people to feel dissatisfied about their bodies, with appearance comparison processing playing an important role. More research is required to assess the long-term effects.

scholarly journals The role of individual and social variables in predicting body dissatisfaction and eating disorder symptoms among Iranian adolescent girls: an expanding of the tripartite influence model

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shima Shahyad ◽  
Shahla Pakdaman ◽  
Omid Shokri ◽  
Seyed Hassan Saadat
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Social Comparison ◽  
Body Image Dissatisfaction ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Thin Ideal ◽  
Eating Disorder Symptoms ◽  
Cultural Variables ◽  
Thin Ideal Internalization

The aim of the present study was to examine the causal relationships between psychological and social factors, being independent variables and body image dissatisfaction plus symptoms of eating disorders as dependent variables through the mediation of social comparison and thin-ideal internalization. To conduct the study, 477 high-school students from Tehran were recruited by method of cluster sampling. Next, they filled out Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (RSES), Physical Appearance Comparison Scale (PACS), Self-Concept Clarity Scale (SCCS), Appearance Perfectionism Scale (APS), Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI), Multidimensional Body Self Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ) and Sociocultural Attitudes towards Appearance Questionnaire (SATAQ-4). In the end, collected data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Findings showed that the assumed model perfectly fitted the data after modification and as a result, all the path-coefficients of latent variables (except for the path between self-esteem and thin-ideal internalization) were statistically significant (p<0.05). Also, in this model, 75% of scores' distribution of body dissatisfaction was explained through psychological variables, socio-cultural variables, social comparison and internalization of the thin ideal. The results of the present study provid experimental basis for the confirmation of proposed causal model. The combination of psychological, social and cultural variables could efficiently predict body image dissatisfaction of young girls in Iran. Key Words: Thin-ideal Internalization, Social comparison, Body image dissatisfaction, mediating effects model, eating disorder symptoms, psychological factors.

Gender Differences in Body Image Are Increasing

1998 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 190-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Feingold ◽  
Ronald Mazzella
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Physical Attractiveness ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Past ◽  
Poor Body Image

It has been speculated that the prevalence of eating disorders in women has risen because of increases in women's body dissatisfaction. We conducted a meta-analysis of gender differences in attractiveness and body image using 222 studies from the past 50 years. The analysis shows dramatic increases in the numbers of women among individuals who have poor body image. Moreover, these trends were found across multiple conceptualizations of body image, including self-judgments of physical attractiveness.

Acculturation, Body Image, Self-Esteem, And Eating-Disorder Symptomatology In Adolescent Mexican American Women

1996 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 419-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greg W. Joiner ◽  
Susan Kashubeck
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Mexican American ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Mexican American Women ◽  
Eating Disordered ◽  
Adolescent Women ◽  
Eating Disorder Symptomatology

In this article the relationship among acculturation, body image, self-esteem, and eating disorder symptomatology in 120 Mexican American adolescent women was investigated. Surprisingly, acculturation levels were not related to anorexic or bulimic symptomatology, self-esteem, body dissatisfaction or thinness of ideal and attractive figures. Lower levels of self-esteem predicted higher levels of anorexic and bulimic symptomatology. Body mass was positively related to bulimic scores. In contrast to Lester and Petrie (1995), body dissatisfaction was significantly related to eating-disorder symptomatology. The high levels of disordered eating attitudes and behaviors found in this study suggest that rather than exclusively being an Anglo, middle-to upper-class phenomenon, eating-disordered behavior also exists within lower socioeconomic status Mexican American adolescent women.

scholarly journals ‘Weighty woes’: Impact of fat talk and social influences on body dissatisfaction among Indian women during the pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 002076402199281
Author(s):  
Kanika K Ahuja ◽  
Ananya Khandelwal ◽  
Debanjan Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Social Influence ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Body Satisfaction ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fat Talk ◽  
Indian Women ◽  
Societal Influences

Background: Psychosocial offshoots of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have extended to body dissatisfaction, especially among women. Factors such as increased social media exposure, weight gain memes, and peer conversations about appearance during lockdown might be the potential contributing factors, which need further exploration. The study examined the contribution of ‘fat talk’ and societal influences in determining body dissatisfaction among Indian women. The likely content of the ‘fat talk’ during the lockdown was also analyzed. Methods: The study followed a cross-sectional online based design. Participants comprised of 265 women, aged 15 to 50 years. The Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ-8c), Sociocultural Attitudes toward Appearance Questionnaire (SATAQ-3), and Negative Body Talk Scale were used to measure body satisfaction, societal influences, and fat talk respectively. Further, participants were asked to respond to a friend’s comment about her supposed weight gain in the pandemic (fat talk). Results: Fat talk, social influence, weight, and age were significantly correlated with body dissatisfaction. Multiple Regression models indicated that fat talk, social influence, weight, and age accounted for 53.33% of the variance in body satisfaction. Thematic analysis of responses to fat-talk conversations revealed two dominant themes: focus on exercise and diet, as well as acknowledging weight gain and normalizing it in the context of the pandemic. Conclusion: Fat talk amongst peers, societal influence and body-image stereotypes were the most potent contributors in determining body dissatisfaction among Indian women during the pandemic, which can contribute to significant dysfunction. These factors need addressal in the socio-cultural context through health campaigns, interpersonal strategies, and more positive and constructive forms of weight and body image-related communication.

scholarly journals School-Based Interventions Improve Body Image and Media Literacy in Youth: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Kurz ◽  
Jenny Rosendahl ◽  
Johanna Rodeck ◽  
Julia Muehleck ◽  
Uwe Berger
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Media Literacy ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Health Behaviours ◽  
Positive Body Image ◽  
Manual Search ◽  
School Based ◽  
Analytic Review ◽  
School Based Interventions

AbstractBody ideals conveyed by the media and by body comparisons often result in body dissatisfaction, which can cause risky health behaviours and eating disorders, especially in adolescents. We conducted a meta-analytic review of existing school-based interventions designed to enhance media literacy in order to reduce body dissatisfaction and to promote a positive body image. We included controlled trials examining children and adolescents from grade five to nine (age 10–15 years) after a manual search and a comprehensive literature search using PsycINFO, Medline, Web of Science, and CENTRAL. We computed average weighted effect sizes (Hedges’ g) with the help of a random effects model and identified seventeen different programme evaluations with 7392 participants. We found a significantly larger effect on positive body image and media literacy in the intervention compared to control groups. However, heterogeneity was substantial for both outcomes. Results suggest that media literacy interventions have the potential to improve media literacy and reduce body dissatisfaction. Interventions that worked with the principle of induction of cognitive dissonance were the most effective.

scholarly journals Social media is not real: The effect of ‘Instagram vs reality’ images on women’s social comparison and body image

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 2183-2199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marika Tiggemann ◽  
Isabella Anderberg
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Social Comparison ◽  
Body Satisfaction ◽  
Recent Trend ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Real ◽  
Appearance Comparison ◽  
The Ideal

One recent trend on Instagram consists of posting ‘Instagram vs reality’ images containing side-by-side photographs of the same woman, one an idealized depiction and the other a more natural depiction. This study aimed to experimentally investigate the effect of such images on body image. Participants were 305 women aged 18–30 years who were randomly assigned to view one of three sets of Instagram images: ‘Instagram vs reality’ images, the ‘ideal’ side alone or the ‘real’ side alone. As predicted, viewing the ‘Instagram vs reality’ and real images resulted in decreased body dissatisfaction relative to the ideal images. Furthermore, the detrimental effects of appearance comparison were much less marked for the ‘Instagram vs reality’ and real images than for the ideal images. It was concluded that ‘Instagram vs reality’ and real posts have the potential to bolster women’s body satisfaction, but more research is needed to assess their longer-term impact.

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