scholarly journals The distinct moral importance of acting together

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katie Steele
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Game Theory ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Review Essay ◽  
Moral Norm ◽  
Moral Reason ◽  
Moral Reasons ◽  
Team Reasoning ◽  
Moral Importance

This review essay engages with Garrett Cullity’s argument that there is a fundamental moral norm of cooperation, as articulated in Concern, Respect, & Cooperation (2018). That is to say that there is moral reason to participatein collective endeavours that cannot be reduced to other moral reasons like promoting welfare. If this is plausible, all the better for solving collective action dilemmas like climate change. But how should we understand a reason of participation? I supplement Cullity’s own account by appealing to the notion of ‘team reasoning’ in game theory. Even if not an adequate notion of rationality, adopting the team stance—deriving individual reasonto act from what a group may together achieve—may well have distinct moral importance.

Game Theory and the Politics of Global Warming: The State of Play and beyond

1996 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 850-871 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh Ward
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Game Theory ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
The State ◽  
Conditional Cooperation

Global climate change is characterized as a collective-action game played by nations through time. The conditions under which conditional cooperation can occur are explored. The model clarifies the bargaining tactics used by nations in the negotiation of the Framework Convention on Climate Change and the reasons why there may be collective action failure. The model also illuminates issues of regime design.

Understanding the Outcomes of Climate Change Campaigns in the Australian Environmental Movement

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Robyn Gulliver ◽  
Kelly S. Fielding ◽  
Winnifred Louis
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Environmental Advocacy ◽  
Personal Support ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Collective Response ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Advocacy Network ◽  
Australian Climate

Climate change is a global problem requiring a collective response. Grassroots advocacy has been an important element in propelling this collective response, often through the mechanism of campaigns. However, it is not clear whether the climate change campaigns organized by the environmental advocacy groups are successful in achieving their goals, nor the degree to which other benefits may accrue to groups who run them. To investigate this further, we report a case study of the Australian climate change advocacy sector. Three methods were used to gather data to inform this case study: content analysis of climate change organizations’ websites, analysis of website text relating to campaign outcomes, and interviews with climate change campaigners. Findings demonstrate that climate change advocacy is diverse and achieving substantial successes such as the development of climate change-related legislation and divestment commitments from a range of organizations. The data also highlights additional benefits of campaigning such as gaining access to political power and increasing groups’ financial and volunteer resources. The successful outcomes of campaigns were influenced by the ability of groups to sustain strong personal support networks, use skills and resources available across the wider environmental advocacy network, and form consensus around shared strategic values. Communicating the successes of climate change advocacy could help mobilize collective action to address climate change. As such, this case study of the Australian climate change movement is relevant for both academics focusing on social movements and collective action and advocacy-focused practitioners, philanthropists, and non-governmental organizations.

scholarly journals Climate Change Inaction and Optimism

Philosophies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Philip J. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Collective Action Problem ◽  
The Public ◽  
Policy Context ◽  
Positive Action ◽  
Ideological Fantasy

The problem of climate change inaction is sometimes said to be ‘wicked’, or essentially insoluble, and it has also been seen as a collective action problem, which is correct but inconsequential. In the absence of progress, much is made of various frailties of the public, hence the need for an optimistic tone in public discourse to overcome fatalism and encourage positive action. This argument is immaterial without meaningful action in the first place, and to favour what amounts to the suppression of truth over intellectual openness is in any case disreputable. ‘Optimism’ is also vexed in this context, often having been opposed to the sombre mood of environmentalists by advocates of economic growth. The greater mental impediments are ideological fantasy, which is blind to the contradictions in public discourse, and the misapprehension that if optimism is appropriate in one social or policy context it must be appropriate in others. Optimism, far from spurring climate change action, fosters inaction.

“Famous, Beloved, Reviled, Respected, Feared, Celebrated:” Media Construction of Greta Thunberg

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily D Ryalls ◽  
Sharon R Mazzarella
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Time Magazine ◽  
Alternative Construction ◽  
Media Construction ◽  
Climate Crisis

Abstract In the 16 months before TIME magazine naming Greta Thunberg its Person of the Year, as her influence grew, so too did the news media’s attempts to make sense of her. This project analyzes profiles of Greta Thunberg to understand how journalists constructed the persona that has become “Greta.” We argue the paradoxical framing of Thunberg as exceptional and fierce and childlike contributes to an alternative construction of girlhood grounded in the positive portrayal of her Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) diagnosis. While featuring ASD as her “superpower” is potentially progressive, we argue foregrounding Thunberg’s whiteness and age cements her construction as the iconic voice of the climate crisis movement, potentially downplaying the need for collective action to end climate change.

scholarly journals Climate change and game theory

2011 ◽  
Vol 1219 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter John Wood
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Game Theory

scholarly journals Influencing Attitudes and Preferences Toward Climate Change using a Multi-Player, Transportation Themed Board Game

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Xiaoyi Kjorven
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Board Game ◽  
Life Choices ◽  
Board Games ◽  
Effective Combination ◽  
Collective Action Problems ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Game Board

Traditional tabletop board games have soared in popularity in recent years, and used often as tools for education and entertainment. Board games are an especially engaging format for studying themes of collective-action problem solving. This study looks at one of the most complex collective-action problems of this generation, climate change, and evaluates how individual attitudes and preferences may be altered by playing a board game specifically designed to influence how people relate to an issue. The board game Wheels was introduced and taught to 18 participants, who engaged in five separate playtesting sessions where observation, survey and interview data were collected. The study evaluates participants' attitudes and preferences toward certain transportation and climate change topics before and after playing the game. The game showed promise in changing players' preferences toward certain modes of transportation - increasing preferences toward electric vehicles and cycling, and decreasing preference towards gas powered cars. These findings indicate that the effective combination of select climate change game mechanics in a highly personalized theme may produce an engaging and entertaining experience that has the potential to transcend the game board and impact players' outlook upon real life choices.

scholarly journals Consideraciones acerca de la implementación de las acciones sobre el cambio climático y los acuerdos internacionales para la cooperación bajo la perspectiva del Informe Stern

LEX ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (21) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Karina Obeso Cuadra ◽  
María Isabel Medrano Sánchez ◽  
Geraldo Morón Paredes ◽  
José Luis Masías Vidal ◽  
Wendy Lidia Moreano Márquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Stern Review

El Informe Stern sobre la Economía del Cambio Climático (Stern Review on the Economics of Climate Change) es un documento redactado por el economista Sir Nicholas Stern, antiguo miembro del Banco Mundial por encargo del Tesoro Británico, sobre el impacto del cambio climático y el calentamiento global sobre la economía mundial al afirmar que se necesita de una inversión equivalente al 1% del PIB mundial para mitigar los efectos del cambio climático; caso contrario, el universo estaría expuesto a una recesión que podría alcanzar al 20 % del PIB. Se trata de un informe político riguroso que logró conseguir la atención de la opinión pública sobre las implicancias y consecuencias del cambio climático, dejándonos conclusiones claras y contundentes sobre una pronta actuación. Su discusión trata sobre cómo mitigar el cambio climático y si estamos preparados para este proceso desde el enfoque económico. El informe presenta un análisis sobre la economía del cambio climático, utilizando resultados de estudios científicos publicados y evaluados. Se encuentra estructurado en 6 partes que contienen 27 capítulos. La parte VI International Collective Action, que abarca desde el capítulo 21 al 27, trata, entre otros temas, de la coordinación de la acción colectiva internacional frente al cambio climático, que supone la existencia de un planificador central preocupado por el bienestar mundial y de la conveniencia de frenar la deforestación. Las consideraciones de este artículo se basan en la Acción Internacional Cooperativa, desarrollada en el Capítulo VI del Informe Stern, orientada a la implementación de las acciones necesarias para atenuar los efectos del cambio climático. Las acciones para afrontar los efectos adversos del cambio climático consisten en una amplia gama de actividades de distintos niveles y dimensiones para las cuales se requiere de un único marco de referencia internacional para reducir de manera efectiva la emisión de gases de efecto invernadero. Es así que los acuerdos internacionales para el cambio climático son la base fundamental para la cooperación; no obstante, existen retos inherentes en este aspecto debido a la naturaleza de la problemática, como son la provisión de un bien público como el clima y la atmósfera, el costo de la implementación de las acciones para el cambio climático, la transición de la economía global del carbono hacia una economía global limpia y la difusión pública de la importancia de participar en este proceso. La inversión, investigación e implementación de tecnologías para afrontar el cambio climático requieren de una planificación estratégica gubernamental adecuada que incluya reglas del juego firmes y que promuevan la adopción privada de acciones que reduzcan las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero.

scholarly journals A Thought Experiment on Sustainable Management of the Earth System

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jobst Heitzig ◽  
Wolfram Barfuss ◽  
Jonathan F. Donges
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Game Theory ◽  
Optimal Control ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Thought Experiment ◽  
Earth System ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Right ◽  
Safe Operating ◽  
Qualitative Decision

We introduce and analyse a simple formal thought experiment designed to reflect a qualitative decision dilemma humanity might currently face in view of climate change. In it, each generation can choose between just two options, either setting humanity on a pathway to certain high wellbeing after one generation of suffering, or leaving the next generation in the same state as this one with the same options, but facing a continuous risk of permanent collapse. We analyse this abstract setup regarding the question of what the right choice would be both in a rationality-based framework including optimal control, welfare economics and game theory, and by means of other approaches based on the notions of responsibility, safe operating spaces, and sustainability paradigms. Despite the simplicity of the setup, we find a large diversity and disagreement of assessments both between and within these different approaches.

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