scholarly journals Quantitative assessment of household waste disposed in floodplains of rivers from extra-Carpathian region of Neamț county, Romania

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florin Constantin MIHAI
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Average Distance ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Floodplain River ◽  
Environmental Threat ◽  
Carpathian Region ◽  
Illegal Dumping ◽  
Potential Impact

This paper aims to develop a method which estimates the amounts ofhousehold waste disposed (HWD) by rural localities in floodplains of riversfrom the sub Carpathian sector ( Bistrița, Cracău, Ozana) and also fromcorridor valleys sector of Moldova and Siret rivers. This approach takesinto the consideration the average distance between the outer limits ofbuilt-up area (village) and floodplain (river) in order to calculate thespecific indicators. This method is applied for 2003 and 2010 with a viewto highlighting the potential impact of illegal dumping on rivers sectorsfrom the extra-Carpathian region between pre-accession and post-accessionperiods. Poor waste management facilities from rural areas lead to this badpractice which prevailed during 2003-2009. Recent improvements in thissector, particularly after the closure of rural dumpsites (16 July 2009)will mitigate this environmental threat which it is also specific to othersrural regions from Romania.

scholarly journals Determining rural areas vulnerable to illegal dumping using GIS techniques. Case study: Neamț county, Romania

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florin Constantin MIHAI
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Carpathian Region ◽  
Illegal Dumping

The paper aims to mapping the potential vulnerable areas to illegal dumpingof household waste from rural areas in the extra- Carpathian region ofNeamț County. These areas are ordinary in the proximity of built-up areasand buffers areas of 1km were delimited for every locality. Based onvarious map layers in vector formats ( land use, rivers, buil-up areas,roads etc) an assessment method is performed to highlight the potentialareas vulnerable to illegal dumping inside these buffer areas at localscale. The results are corelated to field observations and currentsituation of waste management systems. The maps outline local disparitiesdue to various geographical conditions of county. This approach is anecesary tool in EIA studies particularly for rural waste managementsystems at local and regional scale which are less studied in currentliterature than urban areas.

scholarly journals A revised approach for estimating informally disposed domestic waste in rural versus urban South Africa and implications for waste management

2020 ◽  
Vol 116 (1/2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare Rodseth ◽  
Philippa Notten ◽  
Harro von von Blottniz
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Management Option ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Domestic Waste ◽  
Illegal Dumping ◽  
Waste Management Practices

A major limitation to improved waste management in South Africa lies in the paucity of reliable waste data and the exclusion of the contribution of the informal sector from reporting. Due to the disparity in the provision of formal waste management services across households in South Africa, omission of the quantified contribution of informal management practices leads to an inaccurate representation of waste management practices in existing waste data repositories. Given the potentially adverse social and environmental consequences of unregulated waste management practices, a lack of representation thereof has the potential to underestimate impacts. As of 2015, 31% of households are reported as lacking a basic refuse removal service; however, this number cannot necessarily be applied directly to waste quantities, given the regional and socio-economic differences that occur in per capita waste generation rates. The total quantity of domestic waste in South Africa and fraction disposed informally are estimated here, taking into account differences in waste generation rates based on income and settlement type. The characterisation and quantification of unregulated waste streams is beneficial in assessing the magnitude of the problem and, where necessary, identifying mitigation action. The results obtained show that 29% (3.67 million tonnes per annum) of domestic waste generated is not collected or treated via formal management options. Of this waste, the majority (85%) is generated in rural areas. The most common waste management option for unserviced households is a private dump. An estimated 94% of households in unserviced rural areas make use of private dumps, while in unserviced urban and metro areas this decreases to 74% and 71% of households, respectively. Illegal dumping is the next most common waste management option for unserviced areas. The proportion of household waste disposed of via illegal dumping ranges from an estimated 5% for unserviced rural households to 27% in metro areas with the balance made up by ‘other’ disposal/treatment options.

scholarly journals Quantitative Assessment Method of Illegal Dumping in Small Rivers Case Study: NeamÈ› County, Romania

2013 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 397-402
Author(s):  
Florin Constantin MIHAI
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
The Other ◽  
Small Rivers ◽  
Waste Collection ◽  
Carpathian Region ◽  
Illegal Dumping

Poor waste management facilities  from Romanian rural areas lead to uncontrolled waste disposal on improper sites. These bad practices are frequently   in the the proximity of built-up areas , therefore, the  small rivers inside these areas are susceptible  to waste dumping. The paper aims to develop  a quantitative  assessment  method  of waste disposed into  such small rivers from extra-Carpathian region of Neamț county. The lack of organized waste collection services from 2003 lead to high values of waste disposed in such rivers frequently over 15  t/yr  for each one. Despite some improvements compared to 2003 the small rivers inside  built-up areas of villages are still highly exposed to waste dumping. The values vary depending on demographic and geographic features of each locality and on the other side, due to the presence of an organized waste collection system.The results and  comparative analysis between 2003 and 2010 show some positive changes but the illegal dumping issue is far from being eliminated. 

scholarly journals Quantitative Assessment Method of Illegal Dumping in Small Rivers Case Study: Neamţ County, Romania

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florin Constantin MIHAI
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
The Other ◽  
Small Rivers ◽  
Waste Collection ◽  
Carpathian Region

Poor waste management facilities from Romanian rural areas lead touncontrolled waste disposal on improper sites. These bad practices arefrequently in the proximity of built-up areas , therefore, the small riversinside these areas are susceptible to waste dumping. The paper aims todevelop a quantitative assessment method of waste disposed into such smallrivers from extra-Carpathian region of Neam . The lack of organized waste collection servicesfrom 2003 lead to high values of waste disposed in such rivers frequentlyover 15 t/yr for each one. Despite some improvements compared to 2003 thesmall rivers inside built-up areas of villages are still highly exposed towaste dumping. The values vary depending on demographic and geographicfeatures of each locality and on the other side, due to the presence of anorganized waste collection system.The results and comparative analysisbetween 2003 and 2010 show some positive changes but the illegal dumpingissue is far from being eliminated.

scholarly journals TOURISM IMPLICATIONS ON LOCAL WASTE MANAGEMENT. CASE STUDY: NEAM COUNTY, ROMANIA

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florin Constantin MIHAI
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Local Scale ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Management Case Study

The paper examines tourism as a potential source of waste generation inurban and rural areas from Neam County. An assessment method is proposed andthe final result is mapping the process at local scale. In order to analyzethe tourismimpact on the local waste management system, the waste generated by tourists(estimated values) is related to local household waste generation. Thispaper outlines the disparities within cities and communes and it alsoanalyses the bad practices of tourists supported by field observations

scholarly journals Solid waste management in rural areas nearby river Ganga at Haridwar in Uttarakhand, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 592-598
Author(s):  
Ankur Rajpal ◽  
Absar Ahmad Kazmi ◽  
Vinay Kumar Tyagi
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽  
River Ganga

The solid waste found in rural areas can be used as a soil conditioner providing essential nutrients to crops and enhancing agricultural productivity. It is an eco-friendly and economic preference for Municipal Solid Waste Management (MSW). This study investigates the solid waste management scenario in rural areas along the river Ganga and proposes a sustainable waste management solution. Waste quantification and composition were determined in the five villages (rural areas) viz. Sajanpur, Shyampur, Kangri, Bhogpur and Dummanpuri of district Haridwar in Uttarakhand and their waste management and disposal systems were evaluated. Findings revealed that the average daily waste generation was 0.665 kg/day and per capita generation of household waste was around 0.16 kg/person/day. Major fraction of household waste was bio-degradable (74.14%) and remaining fraction comprised of paper (6.62%), polythene (2.82%), textile (2.52%), plastic (1.15%), glass (0.61%), metal (0.60%), rubber (0.35%), and inert (5.01%). The average bulk density of household waste was 460 kg/m3, whereas cattle waste bulk density was 834 kg/m3. Other waste characteristics included moisture content (60%), organic carbon (40%), nitrogen (1.7%), phosphorus (0.9%) and ash (31%). The calorific value of household waste (biodegradable) was 937.6 kcal/kg (dry basis). Since most of the waste was biodegradable, hence co-composting with cattle waste is recommended. The dry waste can be separated and stored for further processing and transported to nearby waste to energy-producing plants. The main hurdle to the program of waste recycling was the unsegregated collection of waste in rural areas. Hence, separation at the source comprised biodegradable waste, dried waste (paper, plastic, and metal) and other components are essential for the future solid waste management program.

scholarly journals Improper Household Waste Disposal in Rural Territory. Case Study: Neamţ County, Romania

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florin Constantin MIHAI
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Sanitation Services ◽  
Administrative Unit ◽  
Open Dumping ◽  
Management Schemes ◽  
Geographical Context

Open dumping of waste generated and uncollected is the most common optionin waste management schemes from rural areas. Lack of sanitation servicesor rudimentary waste management systems favored this practice. This paperproposes a method to estimate the amounts of household waste uncontrolleddisposed at local administrative unit level (commune) for 2003 and 2010.Basedon estimating the amounts of waste generated and uncollected are introducednew indicators in the quantitative analysis taking into account thehousehold waste composition, individual composting of biodegradable wasteor recyclable waste from households for a more proper assessment of wastedisposed. Usually household waste is disposed in various sites according tolocal geographical context such as open dumps on local roadsides, forestareas or on riverbanks. The indicators were calculated for each communefrom the county that did not have access to sanitation services. Processeddata were mapped, thematic maps outlining regional disparities existingbetween communes from county. Comparative analysis of the years 2003(pre-accession period) and 2010 (post-accession) highlights the changes anddifficulties to provide waste management facilities in rural territory.

scholarly journals Improper Household Waste Disposal in Rural Territory.

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Florin Constantin MIHAI
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Sanitation Services ◽  
Administrative Unit ◽  
Open Dumping ◽  
Management Schemes ◽  
Geographical Context

Open dumping of waste generated and uncollected is the most common option in waste management schemes from rural areas. Lack of sanitation services or rudimentary waste management systems favored this practice. This paper proposes a method to estimate the amounts of household waste uncontrolled disposed at local administrative unit level (commune) for 2003 and 2010. Based on estimating the amounts of waste generated and uncollected are introduced new indicators in the quantitative analysis taking into account the household waste composition, individual composting of biodegradable waste or recyclable waste from households for a more proper assessment of waste disposed. Usually household waste is disposed in various sites according to local geographical context such as open dumps on local roadsides, forest areas or on riverbanks. The indicators were calculated for each commune from the county that did not have access to sanitation services. Processed data were mapped, thematic maps outlining regional disparities existing between communes from county. Comparative analysis of the years 2003 (pre-accession period) and 2010 (post-accession) highlights the changes and difficulties to provide waste management facilities in rural territory.

scholarly journals Household Waste Management Practices and Challenges in a Rural Remote Town in the Hantam Municipality in the Northern Cape, South Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 5903
Author(s):  
Jacoba M. M. Viljoen ◽  
Catherina J. Schenck ◽  
Liza Volschenk ◽  
Phillip F. Blaauw ◽  
Lizette Grobler
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Willingness To Participate ◽  
Northern Cape ◽  
Household Waste Management ◽  
Waste Management Practices

Waste management in rural areas poses a major challenge to local governments in developing countries. Municipalities face limited budgets and obstacles with the collection of waste, as well as a lack of proper equipment, infrastructure, and treatment centres. These obstacles lead to further problems, such as littering and illegal dumping, contributing to the knowledge base regarding remote and rural towns in South Africa. This study aims to assess the waste management practices and challenges of households in a Municipality in the Northern Cape, South Africa. The study investigates the household waste management practices, identifies the challenges experienced by households regarding their waste management, and explores their willingness to participate in a separation-at-source program. A cross-sectional research design was used along with a mixed methods research methodology. A sample of 160 interviews was completed over the period 16 to 20 September 2019. Descriptive statistics and a thematic analysis were used in the data analysis. The results indicate that municipalities, and households, will have to collaboratively search for solutions towards effective waste management in rural areas. Financial constraints also necessitate the investigation of alternative ways of managing household waste through cooperation with surrounding towns.

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