scholarly journals A revised approach for estimating informally disposed domestic waste in rural versus urban South Africa and implications for waste management

2020 ◽  
Vol 116 (1/2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare Rodseth ◽  
Philippa Notten ◽  
Harro von von Blottniz
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Management Option ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Domestic Waste ◽  
Illegal Dumping ◽  
Waste Management Practices

A major limitation to improved waste management in South Africa lies in the paucity of reliable waste data and the exclusion of the contribution of the informal sector from reporting. Due to the disparity in the provision of formal waste management services across households in South Africa, omission of the quantified contribution of informal management practices leads to an inaccurate representation of waste management practices in existing waste data repositories. Given the potentially adverse social and environmental consequences of unregulated waste management practices, a lack of representation thereof has the potential to underestimate impacts. As of 2015, 31% of households are reported as lacking a basic refuse removal service; however, this number cannot necessarily be applied directly to waste quantities, given the regional and socio-economic differences that occur in per capita waste generation rates. The total quantity of domestic waste in South Africa and fraction disposed informally are estimated here, taking into account differences in waste generation rates based on income and settlement type. The characterisation and quantification of unregulated waste streams is beneficial in assessing the magnitude of the problem and, where necessary, identifying mitigation action. The results obtained show that 29% (3.67 million tonnes per annum) of domestic waste generated is not collected or treated via formal management options. Of this waste, the majority (85%) is generated in rural areas. The most common waste management option for unserviced households is a private dump. An estimated 94% of households in unserviced rural areas make use of private dumps, while in unserviced urban and metro areas this decreases to 74% and 71% of households, respectively. Illegal dumping is the next most common waste management option for unserviced areas. The proportion of household waste disposed of via illegal dumping ranges from an estimated 5% for unserviced rural households to 27% in metro areas with the balance made up by ‘other’ disposal/treatment options.

scholarly journals Household Waste Management Practices and Challenges in a Rural Remote Town in the Hantam Municipality in the Northern Cape, South Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 5903
Author(s):  
Jacoba M. M. Viljoen ◽  
Catherina J. Schenck ◽  
Liza Volschenk ◽  
Phillip F. Blaauw ◽  
Lizette Grobler
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Willingness To Participate ◽  
Northern Cape ◽  
Household Waste Management ◽  
Waste Management Practices

Waste management in rural areas poses a major challenge to local governments in developing countries. Municipalities face limited budgets and obstacles with the collection of waste, as well as a lack of proper equipment, infrastructure, and treatment centres. These obstacles lead to further problems, such as littering and illegal dumping, contributing to the knowledge base regarding remote and rural towns in South Africa. This study aims to assess the waste management practices and challenges of households in a Municipality in the Northern Cape, South Africa. The study investigates the household waste management practices, identifies the challenges experienced by households regarding their waste management, and explores their willingness to participate in a separation-at-source program. A cross-sectional research design was used along with a mixed methods research methodology. A sample of 160 interviews was completed over the period 16 to 20 September 2019. Descriptive statistics and a thematic analysis were used in the data analysis. The results indicate that municipalities, and households, will have to collaboratively search for solutions towards effective waste management in rural areas. Financial constraints also necessitate the investigation of alternative ways of managing household waste through cooperation with surrounding towns.

Population Growth and Waste Management in Metropolitan Lagos

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Femi O. Omololu ◽  
Akinmayowa S. Lawal
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Public Private Partnership ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Private Partnership ◽  
The Public ◽  
Lagos State ◽  
Waste Management Practices

This paper examines the influence of population growth on waste generation in Lagos metropolis, African’s most populous urban conglomeration. Using both quantitative and qualitative methods, the study analyses the pattern of household waste disposal, collection and transportation in Lagos State. It also examines the public-private partnership strategy adopted in waste management. The findings show that population growth significantly influences waste generation and management in Lagos metropolis. As the population increased, the volume of waste generated also increased in each LGA of Lagos State. The public-private partnership strategy has been effective in managing waste, but the Lagos State Waste Management Authority oversight was adjudged as less than satisfactory. The paper concludes that intervention is needed in terms of educating the growing population of the Lagos metropolis on the best waste management practices. It highlights the need for a more efficient and effective publicprivate partnership collaboration to solve this perennial social problem.

scholarly journals Public Perceptions of Waste Management in Sri Lanka: A Focus Group Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 12960
Author(s):  
Sophie Gudmann Knutsson ◽  
Therese Asplund ◽  
Gunnar Höst ◽  
Konrad J. Schönborn
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Focus Group Study ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
Household Waste Management ◽  
Waste Management Practices

The prevention, reduction, recycling and reuse of waste is promoted by the United Nation’s 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, but many countries lack both necessary resources and infrastructure for sound waste management. While literature pinpoints the need for an engaged public and suggests a range of factors and supportive actions that may impact citizens’ waste behaviour, qualitative in-depth studies for engaging in waste management practices remain scarce. This study aimed to investigate perceptions of waste management and underlying behaviours for waste practices in the context of household waste management in Sri Lanka. Six focus group interviews were held with 23 residents across 6 regions in Sri Lanka. A thematic analysis of the interview transcripts revealed perceptions of four waste management systems, together with five motivational aspects of waste practices in urban, suburban, and rural areas. The analysis further considers how the motivational aspects are interlinked with practices within citizens’ perceived systems. In addition to the novel thematic contribution to the field, the findings can be used as a foundation to inform strategies to communicate with selected target audiences about their local challenges for sustainable waste management practices, in an attempt to influence citizen behaviours.

scholarly journals Community Resident’s Opinions and Perceptions on the Effectiveness of Waste Management and Recycling Potential in the Umkhanyakude and Zululand District Municipalities in the KwaZulu-Natal Province of South Africa

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac Tebogo Rampedi ◽  
Bonginkosi Robert Dlamini ◽  
Ayodeji Peter Ifegbesan
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Kwazulu Natal ◽  
Community Residents ◽  
Waste Management Practices ◽  
Management Services

Whereas waste management research has focused on mostly urban municipalities in South Africa, not much is known about the current performance of waste management services from the perspective of community residents in rural municipalities. This study reports on the status and effectiveness of waste management practices from the perspective of community residents in the Umkhanyakude and Zululand Districts in the rural areas of the KwaZulu-Natal province of South Africa. Making use of structured questionnaires, primary data was obtained by interviewing 333 respondents representing households in the study area. Results have revealed several shortfalls in the provision of municipal waste management services, except for solid waste removal from households (66%), and management of landfill sites (41%). The degree of dissatisfaction for waste management services rendered was very high (97.3%). Furthermore, the majority (61.4%) of respondents were not willing to participate in waste segregation due to lack of appropriate knowledge and infrastructure. The study also pinpointed some benefits associated with waste minimization, as well as barriers constraining effective waste recycling. Based on these findings, there is a dire need for transforming current waste management practices toward increased recycling rates by creating more environmental awareness and a supporting infrastructure.

scholarly journals Assessment of biowaste losses through unsound waste management practices in rural areas and the role of home composting

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florin Constantin MIHAI
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Sustainable Rural Development ◽  
Greenhouse Gasses ◽  
Waste Management Practices ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Home Composting ◽  
Management Issues

The paper examines the biowaste management issues across rural areas ofRomania in the context of poor waste management infrastructure in the lastdecade (2003-2012). Biowaste is the main fraction of municipal waste, thusa proper management is a key challenge in order to sustain a bioeconomy inthe near future. The amount of biowaste generated and uncollected by wasteoperators is generally uncontrolled disposed if not recovered through homecomposting. The paper points out the role of home composting in divertingthe biowaste from wild dumps and landfills for the regions covered or notby waste collection services. Home composting and the biowaste losses arefurther assessed based on several scenarios (worse-case, pessimistic,realistic, optimistic) where the net loads of greenhouse gasses (GHG) arecalculated at national and regional levels. The transition of homecomposting techniques, from open piles to plastic bins with respect tostandard guidelines will improve the home composting performance in termsof compost quality and net GHG’s savings, supporting a bio-based economywhich will lead towards a sustainable rural development. Regionaldisparities are revealed across Romanian counties and the paper opens newresearch perspectives regarding which options should be adopted by countiesand rural municipalities in the biowaste management process.

scholarly journals POPULATION PATTERN AND HOUSEHOLD WASTE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN RELATION TO BIO-PHYSICOCHEMICAL WATER QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS IN THE NAGA RIVER

2021 ◽  
pp. 100-105
Author(s):  
Mariel R. Estrella
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Large Household ◽  
Population Pattern ◽  
Waste Management Practices ◽  
Ph Level

Rapid population growth and urbanization over the years has put pressure on natural resources threatening various fragile ecosystems. Naga river in the Philippines became a mute witness to the adverse effects of human activities on its waters. The present study took into account the waste management practices of households along the Naga river to elucidate its relation to the bio-physicochemical state of the river. The comparative analysis of water quality assessment data indicates that there is an observable deterioration of water quality due to its decreased level of Dissolved Oxygen (DO) and above normal pH level. This can be attributed to the continued practice of the households of throwing and discharging 34% and 78% of their solid and liquid wastes, respectively, directly into the river. However, there is a trend of improvement in the Naga river's water quality in terms of other parameters. The study also revealed that the size of built up areas and the household population along the Naga river is not necessarily proportional. Land use and the large household population along the Naga river was found to have higher adverse impacts on the water quality and current state of the Naga river. KEYWORDS: Naga River, water quality, waste management, community survey

scholarly journals TOURISM IMPLICATIONS ON LOCAL WASTE MANAGEMENT. CASE STUDY: NEAM COUNTY, ROMANIA

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florin Constantin MIHAI
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Local Scale ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Management Case Study

The paper examines tourism as a potential source of waste generation inurban and rural areas from Neam County. An assessment method is proposed andthe final result is mapping the process at local scale. In order to analyzethe tourismimpact on the local waste management system, the waste generated by tourists(estimated values) is related to local household waste generation. Thispaper outlines the disparities within cities and communes and it alsoanalyses the bad practices of tourists supported by field observations

scholarly journals Waste management policy and employment: the case of France

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Younes Ben Zaied ◽  
Nidhaleddine Ben Cheikh ◽  
Pascal Nguyen ◽  
Mohamed Badrane Mahjoub
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Waste Collection ◽  
Waste Streams ◽  
Waste Management Policy ◽  
Waste Management Practices ◽  
Private Operator

This paper examines whether a causal relationship exists between waste tonnage and employment when the waste collection is entrusted to a private operator in France (i.e. waste management policy by delegation of service). The empirical investigation is based on weekly data for four waste streams for the period from January 2015 to June 2017. Using nonstationary time series techniques including cointegration, VECM (Vector Error Correction Model) and long-run causality test of Toda and Yamamoto (1995) within a bivariate framework, the results demonstrate potential causal negative relationship between waste tonnage and employment. For three waste streams (i.e. household waste, outdoor garbage waste and miscellaneous waste), the results suggest that waste management practices that aim at entrusting the collection and treatment to a private operator (i.e. waste management by delegation of service) are not economically beneficial to society, because this policy does not favor environmental jobs creation. The paper calls for the adoption of other waste management practices to preserve employment in the waste collection sector.

scholarly journals Gestion des déchets ménagers dans le quartier Mambanda (Douala-Cameroun) : Quelles stratégies durables?

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (39) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Mougoue Benoît ◽  
Agofak Clarisse Viviane ◽  
Nya Esther Laurentine
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Santé Des Populations ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
Gaseous Waste ◽  
Population Urbaine ◽  
Animal Excreta ◽  
Waste Management Practices

L’urbanisation est l’une des grandes caractéristiques du monde contemporain. Elle génère des effets sur l’environnement et le cadre de vie perceptibles à travers la gestion des déchets. En effet, l’urbanisation s’accompagne d’une croissance de la population urbaine qui à son tour induit une production sans cesse importante de déchets, souvent mal gérés. Cette réflexion vise à cerner les problèmes liés aux différentes pratiques de gestion des déchets ménagers dans le quartier Mambanda de la ville de Douala. L’étude s’appuie sur une approche à la fois qualitative et quantitative qui intègre les recherches documentaires, les observations de terrain et les entretiens avec les acteurs-clé du terrain. Les résultats de l’étude montrent que les déchets solides, liquides et gazeux produits dans le quartier Mambanda sont constitués essentiellement des restes de nourriture, d’eaux usées domestiques et résiduaires, des eaux vannes, des déjections humaines et animales… Les populations, l’Etat et les sociétés privées (Hysacam, CIPRE, associations…) sont les acteurs qui se déploient sur le terrain pour gérer ces déchets qui sont généralement déversés dans les rues, les caniveaux, les cours d’eaux, les champs, les drains et les bacs à ordures. La mauvaise gestion des déchets entraine, dans la plupart des cas, la dégradation de l’environnement et du cadre de vie des populations et par conséquent impacte la santé des populations qui y vivent. Ainsi, la forte implication des populations dans le processus de gestion des déchets (campagnes d’éducation à l’hygiène, création et entretien du réseau d’évacuation…) est la meilleure stratégie durable pour une gestion efficace de ces déchets.   Urbanization is one of the great characteristics of the contemporary world. It generates perceptible effects on the environment and the living environment through waste management. Indeed, urbanization is accompanied by a growth of the urban population which in turn induces an ever-increasing production of waste, which is often poorly managed. This reflection aims to identify the problems related to the different household waste management practices in the Mambanda district of the city of Douala. The study is based on a qualitative and quantitative approach that integrates documentary research, observations and interviews with key players in the field.The results of the study show that the solid, liquid and gaseous waste produced in the Mambanda district consists mainly of food scraps, domestic and waste water, human and animal excreta. The populations, the State and private companies (Hysacam, CIPRE, associations, etc.) are the actors who are deployed in the field to manage this waste which is generally dumped in the streets, gutters, rivers, fields. , drains and garbage bins. Poor waste management leads, in most cases, to the degradation of the environment and the living environment of the populations. Thus, the strong involvement of the population in the waste management process (hygiene education campaigns, creation and maintenance of the disposal network, etc.) is the best sustainable strategy for effective waste management.

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