scholarly journals Both classical & quantum information: both bit & qubit. Both physical & transcendental time

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasil Dinev Penchev

Information can be considered as the most fundamental, philosophical,physical and mathematical concept originating from the totality by means of physicaland mathematical transcendentalism (the counterpart of philosophicaltranscendentalism). Classical and quantum information, particularly by their units, bitand qubit, correspond and unify the finite and infinite. As classical information isrelevant to finite series and sets, as quantum information, to infinite ones. Afundamental joint relativity of the finite and infinite, of the external and internal is tobe investigated. The corresponding invariance is able to define physical action and itsquantity only on the basis of information and especially: on the relativity of classicaland quantum information. The concept of transcendental time, an epoché in relation tothe direction of time arrow can be defined. Its correlate is that information invariant tothe finite and infinite, therefore unifying both classical and quantum information.

Author(s):  
Vasil Penchev

Information can be considered as the most fundamental, philosophical, physical and mathematical concept originating from the totality by means of physical and mathematical transcendentalism (the counterpart of philosophical transcendentalism). Classical and quantum information, particularly by their units, bit and qubit, correspond and unify the finite and infinite. As classical information is relevant to finite series and sets, as quantum information, to infinite ones. A fundamental joint relativity of the finite and infinite, of the external and internal is to be investigated. The corresponding invariance is able to define physical action and its quantity only on the basis of information and especially: on the relativity of classical and quantum information. The concept of transcendental time, an epoché in relation to the direction of time arrow can be defined. Its correlate is that information invariant to the finite and infinite, therefore unifying both classical and quantum information.


2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (3&4) ◽  
pp. 253-261
Author(s):  
Satyabrata Adhikari ◽  
Indranil Chakrabarty ◽  
Pankaj Agrawal

In a realistic situation, the secret sharing of classical or quantum information will involve the transmission of this information through noisy channels. We consider a three qubit pure state. This state becomes a mixed-state when the qubits are distributed over noisy channels. We focus on a specific noisy channel, the phase-damping channel. We propose a protocol for secret sharing of classical information with this and related noisy channels. This protocol can also be thought of as cooperative superdense coding. We also discuss other noisy channels to examine the possibility of secret sharing of classical information.


2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Nefediev ◽  
A. R. Sakhbieva

The encoding of information in time intervals of an echelon of laser pulses of an object pulse in the optical echo processor is considered. The measures of information are introduced to describe the transformation of classical information in quantum information. It is shown that in the description of information transformation into quantum information, the most appropriate measure is a measure of quantum information based on the algorithmic information theory.


2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (5&6) ◽  
pp. 395-403
Author(s):  
Jan Bouda ◽  
Matej Pivoluska ◽  
Martin Plesch

The lack of perfect randomness can cause significant problems in securing communication between two parties. McInnes and Pinkas \cite{McInnesPinkas-ImpossibilityofPrivate-1991} proved that unconditionally secure encryption is impossible when the key is sampled from a weak random source. The adversary can always gain some information about the plaintext, regardless of the cryptosystem design. Most notably, the adversary can obtain full information about the plaintext if he has access to just two bits of information about the source (irrespective on length of the key). In this paper we show that for every weak random source there is a cryptosystem with a classical plaintext, a classical key, and a quantum ciphertext that bounds the adversary's probability $p$ to guess correctly the plaintext strictly under the McInnes-Pinkas bound, except for a single case, where it coincides with the bound. In addition, regardless of the source of randomness, the adversary's probability $p$ is strictly smaller than $1$ as long as there is some uncertainty in the key (Shannon/min-entropy is non-zero). These results are another demonstration that quantum information processing can solve cryptographic tasks with strictly higher security than classical information processing.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasil Dinev Penchev

The quantum information introduced by quantum mechanics is equivalent to that generalization of the classical information from finite to infinite series or collections. The quantity of information is the quantity of choices measured in the units of elementary choice. The qubit, can be interpreted as that generalization of bit, which is a choice among a continuum of alternatives. The axiom of choice is necessary for quantum information. The coherent state is transformed into a well-ordered series of results in time after measurement. The quantity of quantum information is the ordinal corresponding to the infinity series in question.1


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasil Dinev Penchev

The paper investigates the understanding of quantum indistinguishability afterquantum information in comparison with the “classical” quantum mechanics based on theseparable complex Hilbert space. The two oppositions, correspondingly “distinguishability/ indistinguishability” and “classical / quantum”, available implicitly in the concept of quantumindistinguishability can be interpreted as two “missing” bits of classical information, whichare to be added after teleportation of quantum information to be restored the initial stateunambiguously. That new understanding of quantum indistinguishability is linked to thedistinction of classical (Maxwell-Boltzmann) versus quantum (either Fermi-Dirac orBose-Einstein) statistics. The latter can be generalized to classes of wave functions (“empty” qubits) and represented exhaustively in Hilbert arithmetic therefore connectible to the foundations of mathematics, more precisely, to the interrelations of propositional logic and set theory sharing the structure of Boolean algebra and two anti-isometric copies of Peano arithmetic.


Ledger ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam J Bennet ◽  
Shakib Daryanoosh

We outline a quantum-enabled blockchain architecture based on a consortium of quantum servers. The network is hybridised, utilising digital systems for sharing and processing classical information combined with a fibre-optic infrastructure and quantum devices for transmitting and processing quantum information. We deliver an energy efficient interactive mining protocol enacted between clients and servers which uses quantum information encoded in light and removes the need for trust in network infrastructure. Instead, clients on the network need only trust the transparent network code, and that their devices adhere to the rules of quantum physics. To demonstrate the energy efficiency of the mining protocol, we elaborate upon the results of two previous experiments (one performed over 1km of optical fibre) as applied to this work. Finally, we address some key vulnerabilities, explore open questions, and observe forward-compatibility with the quantum internet and quantum computing technologies.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasil Dinev Penchev

The paper discusses the origin of dark matter and dark energy from the concepts of time and the totality in the final analysis. Though both, and especially the latter, seem to be rather philosophical, nonetheless they are postulated axiomatically and interpreted physically, and the corresponding philosophical transcendentalism serves heuristically. The exposition of the article means to outline the “forest for the trees”, however, in an absolutely rigorous mathematical way, which to be explicated in detail in a future paper. The “two deductions” are two successive stage of a single conclusion mentioned above. The concept of “transcendental invariance” meaning ontologically and physically interpreting the mathematical equivalence of the axiom of choice and the well-ordering “theorem” is utilized again. Then, time arrow is a corollary from that transcendental invariance, and in turn, it implies quantum information conservation as the Noether correlate of the linear “increase of time” after time arrow. Quantum information conservation implies a few fundamental corollaries such as the “conservation of energy conservation” in quantum mechanics from reasons quite different from those in classical mechanics and physics as well as the “absence of hidden variables” (versus Einstein’s conjecture) in it. However, the paper is concentrated only into the inference of another corollary from quantum information conservation, namely, dark matter and dark energy being due to entanglement, and thus and in the final analysis, to the conservation of quantum information, however observed experimentally only on the “cognitive screen” of “Mach’s principle” in Einstein’s general relativity therefore excluding any other source of gravitational field than mass and gravity. Then, if quantum information by itself would generate a certain nonzero gravitational field, it will be depicted on the same screen as certain masses and energies distributed in space-time, and most presumably, observable as those dark energy and dark matter predominating in the universe as about 96% of its energy and matter quite unexpectedly for physics and the scientific worldview nowadays. Besides on the cognitive screen of general relativity, entanglement is available necessarily on still one “cognitive screen” (namely, that of quantum mechanics), being furthermore “flat”. Most probably, that projection is confinement, a mysterious and ad hoc added interaction along with the fundamental tree ones of the Standard model being even inconsistent to them conceptually, as far as it need differ the local space from the global space being definable only as a relation between them (similar to entanglement). So, entanglement is able to link the gravity of general relativity to the confinement of the Standard model as its projections of the “cognitive screens” of those two fundamental physical theories.


2003 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 423-430
Author(s):  
S.J. van Enk ◽  
T. Rudolph

We speculate what quantum information protocols can be implemented between two accelerating observers using the vacuum. Whether it is in principle possible or not to implement a protocol depends on whether the aim is to end up with classical information or quantum information. Thus, unconditionally secure coin flipping seems possible but not teleportation.


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