scholarly journals Applications of artificial intelligence technologies on mental health research during COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Mahbub Hossain ◽  
E. Lisako J. McKyer ◽  
Ping Ma
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Health Research ◽  
Latent Dirichlet Allocation ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Mental Health Research ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Complex Data ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Vector Machines

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted mental health globally. It is essential to deploy advanced research methodologies that may use complex data to draw meaningful inferences facilitating mental health research and policymaking during this pandemic. Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies offer a wide range of opportunities to leverage advancements in data sciences in analyzing health records, behavioral data, social media contents, and outcomes data on mental health. Several studies have reported the use of several AI technologies such as vector machines, neural networks, latent Dirichlet allocation, decision trees, and clustering to detect and treat depression, schizophrenia, Alzheimer’s disease, and other mental health problems. The applications of such technologies in the context of COVID-19 is still under development, which calls for further deployment of AI technologies in mental health research in this pandemic using clinical and psychosocial data through technological partnerships and collaborations. Lastly, policy-level commitment and deployment of resources to facilitate the use of robust AI technologies for assessing and addressing mental health problems during the COVID-19 pandemic.

To The Question of Destigmatization of Psychiatry and Mentally III Persons In The Modern Society

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S523-S523
Author(s):  
S. Vladimirova ◽  
V. Lebedeva ◽  
E. Gutkevich ◽  
A. Semke ◽  
N. Bokhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Service ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Health Research ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Mental Health Research ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Mental Health Research Institute ◽  
Mentally Ill Persons

In recent decades, new medications have been developed that entailed possibility of rehabilitation and socialization of mentally ill persons.PurposeTo consider a phenomenon of destigmatization of mentally ill persons on the example of the analysis of screening-questioning in mental health service.MethodsRandomized screening-questioning of participants of Open Doors Day in the clinics of Mental Health Research Institute (Tomsk, Russia) in connection with World Mental Health Day in October, 2015.ResultsOne hundred and forty-six residents of Tomsk and inhabitants of the Tomsk Region as well as other cities visited Mental Health Research Institute. 76,5% of them visited mental health service for the first time. More than a half of visitors (51%) was the most able-bodied age group – 20-50 years old; elderly people – 20%. According to many-year observation of authors of the work, there is a gradual destigmatization of people with mental health problems. Process of destigmatization will develop further, and mass media should also be engaged in it. One more moment should be emphasized – reduction of self-stigmatization. Though people do not still aim to seek for psychiatric help at the appropriate institutions (they prefer to visit the psychiatrist of the catchment area policlinic), they after all started recognizing presence of the problem, understanding the need of its overcoming, and possibility of its correction.ConclusionThe attitude of society towards people with mental health problems and towards psychiatry reasonably changes, and this promotes further development in the field of help to patients and their relatives.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Normality, subjectivity and mental health: A genealogy of Danish psychiatry, 1938–2017

2019 ◽  
pp. 136345931987410
Author(s):  
Malene Broch Clemmensen ◽  
Simo Køppe
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Health Research ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Mental Healthcare ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Mental Health Research ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
The Subject

The increasing prevalence of mental disorders together with the uncertain validity of psychopathological diagnostics challenges psychiatry as the primary home of studying, diagnosing and treating mental health problems and developing mental healthcare. This marks an emerging paradigmatical shift towards ‘alternative’ mental health perspectives. With the ambition of attending authoritatively in definitory practices, contemporary scholars of psychology, sociology, anthropology and philosophy call for an interdisciplinary approach to mental health, with a predominant focus on the subject. We argue that a paradigmatical shift of mental health requires structural–historical considerations of the foundations upon which subjectivity has been and still is manifested through psychiatry. On this basis, we critically investigate fluctuating psychiatric discourses on subjectivity, normality and pathology. We conducted a genealogical analysis of 13 psychiatric sources (1938–2017) focusing on ‘Psychopathy’ as a fluctuating diagnosis. We elucidate how subject concepts in psychiatry develop in parallel to subject concepts in society and culture, exemplified through convincing similarities between psychopathic symptoms and neoliberal ideals. Considerations like these, offer scholars valuable bases for mental health research and debate, and also valuable insights to healthcare professionals.

scholarly journals Ethical challenges in mental health research with focus in Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-11
Author(s):  
Pratik Khanal ◽  
Sajana Maharjan
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Health Research ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Mental Health Research ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Vulnerable Population ◽  
Ethical Challenges ◽  
Ethical Guidelines

People with mental health problems are considered as vulnerable population by national ethical guidelines of health research in Nepal. There are different ethical challenges in research involving people with mental health problems. Ethical challenges are related to study design, autonomy, beneficence and nonmaleficence, justice, respect for the environment and consent taking process. Respecting the human rights of those with mental health problems is necessary during research and this requires research stakeholders to be responsible.

Machinic Empathy and Mental Health: The Relational Ethics of Machine Empathy and Artificial Intelligence in Her

2019 ◽  
pp. 158-175
Author(s):  
Frances Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Health Research ◽  
Mental Health Treatment ◽  
Mental Health Research ◽  
Relational Ethics ◽  
Health Treatment

This paper situates a discussion of Her within contemporary developments in empathic machine learning for mental health treatment and therapy. Her simultaneously hooks into and critiques a particular imaginary about what artificial intelligence can do when combined with big data. Shaw threads the representation of empathy and artificial intelligence in the film into discussions of contemporary mental health research, in particular possibilities for the automation of treatment, whether through machine learning or guided interventions. Her provides some useful ways to think through utopian, dystopian, and ambivalent readings of such applications of technology in a broader sense, raising questions about sincerity and loss of human connectivity, relational ethics and automated empathy.

scholarly journals Mental health and psychosocial characteristics of breast augmentation patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1270-1284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tilmann von Soest ◽  
Leila Torgersen ◽  
Ingela Lundin Kvalem
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Breast Augmentation ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Breast Surgery ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Multiple Perspectives ◽  
Psychosocial Characteristics ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Mother And Child

Cosmetic breast surgery experience and a wide range of mental health, psychosocial, and sociodemographic variables were assessed in the population-based Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study ( N = 78,252). Breast augmentation patients reported elevated mental health problems. Factors in the domains of physical appearance, drug use, relationships, and exposure to abuse were all related to breast augmentation. Adjusting for such factors reduced the relationships between breast augmentation surgery and all mental health problems to non-significance. Results indicate that the increased prevalence of mental health problems among breast augmentation patients has to be understood from multiple perspectives involving several psychosocial domains.

scholarly journals Factors That Influences Mental Health Policy In Albania

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (14) ◽  
pp. 175
Author(s):  
Eneida Frasheri ◽  
Eris Dhamo
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Mental Health Policy ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Mental Health Issue ◽  
Semistructured Interview ◽  
Wide Range

Mental health policy is a major challenge in every government engagement. Human wellbeing is threatened by mental health issue, and this is why it is necessary to position mental health as a health priority (WHO, 2001). The reduction of human and economic cost of mental health problems can be achieved by providing equitable and evidence-based mental healthcare and treatment. In Albania, the organization of mental health policy has experienced changes in the past half century, especially after the 90’s. This was driven by political commitment at national and intergovernmental levels in response to the challenges posed by mental health problems. The purpose of this paper is to analyze, present factors, and circulates what affects and prepossess the adoption of new mental health policy. The methodology used for this paper was based on two main elements. The first was the analyzing of Albanian conceptual framework, which is derived from two grounded elements: policy content and health policy process. The second element involves data collection using semistructured interview (12) with three levels of policy: policymakers, health policy administrator, and mental health care provider. Also, we consulted a wide range of electronic databases before underpinning the research with additional search. This search includes the scanning of a range of websites, reference lists of included studies, the legal mental health framework, and the respective documents. The activities stipulated in the First Component of the South-Eastern European Mental Health Project under the Stability Pact urged the process of a new mental health policy formulation and adoption of mental health legislation stressing human rights of patients. The WHO has influenced the whole mental health policy framework. They have instructed the National Policy Document for the Mental Health and the recpective action plans. In addition, they have supervised the impemention of this Documents and has trained mental health experts at all levels. Albanian policymaker are concerned with having an adequate map of mental health facilities. This is because many of the dedicated program are far way to be reached from persons in need. All policymaker actors are focused on the need for identification. In this trend of increase in the number of persons with mental health problems and their need for a more holistic care, finances has a crucial role to play.

scholarly journals Protocol for an App-Based Affective Control Training for Adolescents

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Schweizer ◽  
Jovita T. Leung ◽  
Rogier Kievit ◽  
Maarten Speekenbrink ◽  
William R. Tender ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Matching Task ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: 75% of all mental health problems have their onset before the end of adolescence. Adolescence, thus may be a particularly sensitive time period for preventing mental health problems. Affective control, the capacity to engage with goal relevant and inhibit distracting information in affective contexts, has been proposed as a potential target for prevention. In this study, we will explore the impact of improving adolescents’ affective control capacity on their mental health. Methods: The proof-of-principle double-blind randomized controlled trial will compare the effectiveness of an app-based affective control training (AC-Training) to a placebo training (P- Training) app. 200 (~50% females) adolescents (11-19 years) will train for 14 days on their training app. The AC-Training will include three different n-back tasks: visuospatial, auditory and dual (i.e., including both modalities). These tasks require participants to flexibly engage and disengage with affective and neutral stimuli (i.e., faces and words). The P-Training will present participants with a perceptual matching task. The three versions of the P-Training tasks vary in the stimuli included (i.e., shapes, words and faces). The two training groups will be compared on gains in affective control, mental health, emotion regulation and self-regulation, immediately after training, 1 month and 1 year after training. Discussion: If, as predicted, the proposed study finds that AC-Training successfully improves affective control in adolescents, there would be significant potential benefits to adolescent mental health. As a free app, the training would also be scalable and easy to disseminate across a wide range of settings. Trial registration: The trial was registered on December 10 2018 with the International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Number (Registration number: ISRCTN17213032, http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN17213032). Keywords: Mental health; Adolescence; Emotion regulation; Affective control; App-based training

Psychotherapy with Sexual Assault Survivors

2021 ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
Amie R. Newins ◽  
Laura C. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Sexual Assault Survivors ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Assault Survivors

Sexual assault is associated with an increased risk of a wide range of mental health problems; therefore, treatment should be targeted to address the client’s primary presenting concerns. In this chapter, specific recommendations are provided for using psychotherapy to treat survivors of sexual assault. In particular, suggestions are given for using exposure-based treatments and cognitive-based treatments with these clients. These recommendations focus on how to increase disclosure of details of the assault and to address negative reactions that clients may have received from other disclosure recipients. Furthermore, suggestions are offered related to the terminology and language used during these discussions in treatment.

scholarly journals Economic evaluation of a complex intervention (Engager) for prisoners with common mental health problems, near to and after release: a cost-utility and cost-consequences analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachael Maree Hunter ◽  
Rob Anderson ◽  
Tim Kirkpatrick ◽  
Charlotte Lennox ◽  
Fiona Warren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Usual Care ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Cost Utility ◽  
Economic Evaluations ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Common Mental Health Problems ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Background People in prison experience a range of physical and mental health problems. Evaluating the effectiveness and efficiency of prison-based interventions presents a number of methodological challenges. We present a case study of an economic evaluation of a prison-based intervention (“Engager”) to address common mental health problems. Methods Two hundred and eighty people were recruited from prisons in England and randomised to Engager plus usual care or usual care. Participants were followed up for 12 months following release from prison. The primary analysis is the cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained of Engager compared to usual care from a National Health Service (NHS) perspective with QALYs calculated using the CORE 6 Dimension. A cost-consequences analysis evaluated cross-sectoral costs and a range of outcomes. Results From an NHS perspective, Engager cost an additional £2737 per participant (95% of iterations between £1029 and £4718) with a mean QALY difference of − 0.014 (95% of iterations between − 0.045 and 0.017). For the cost-consequences, there was evidence of improved access to substance misuse services 12 months post-release (odds ratio 2.244, 95% confidence Interval 1.304–3.861). Conclusion Engager provides a rare example of a cost-utility analysis conducted in prisons and the community using patient-completed measures. Although the results from this trial show no evidence that Engager is cost-effective, the results of the cost-consequences analysis suggest that follow-up beyond 12 months post-release using routine data may provide additional insights into the effectiveness of the intervention and the importance of including a wide range of costs and outcomes in prison-based economic evaluations. Trial registration (ISRCTN11707331).

scholarly journals Virtual World Café Method for Identifying Mental Health Research Priorities: Methodological Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 291
Author(s):  
Michelle Banfield ◽  
Amelia Gulliver ◽  
Alyssa R. Morse
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Health Research ◽  
Virtual World ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Research Priorities ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Mental Health Research ◽  
Target Number ◽  
Single Room

People with lived experience of mental health problems as both consumers and carers can bring significant expertise to the research process. However, the methods used to gather this information and their subsequent results can vary markedly. This paper describes the methods for two virtual World Cafés held to gather data on consumer and carer priorities for mental health research. Several methodological processes and challenges arose during data collection, including the achieved recruitment for each group (n = 4, n = 7) falling significantly short of the target number of 20 participants per group. This led to departures from planned methods (i.e., the use of a single ‘room’, rather than multiple breakout rooms). Despite this, the participants in the virtual World Cafés were able to generate over 200 ideas for research priorities, but not identify agreed-upon priorities. Virtual World Cafés can quickly generate a significant volume of data; however, they may not be as effective at generating consensus.

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