scholarly journals Quantization of Klein-Gordon Scalar Field in Cosmological Inertial Frame

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangwha Yi
Keyword(s):  
Scalar Field ◽  
Inertial Frame ◽  
Special Theory ◽  
Theory Of Relativity ◽  
Special Theory Of Relativity ◽  
Klein Gordon

In the Cosmological Special Theory of Relativity, we quantized Klein-Gordon scalar field. We treatLagrangian density and Hamiltonian in quantized Klein-Gordon scalar field in the Cosmological SpecialTheory of Relativity

scholarly journals Schrodinger Equation in Cosmological Inertial Frame

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangwha Yi
Keyword(s):  
Wave Function ◽  
Quantum Mechanics ◽  
Wave Equation ◽  
Schrödinger Equation ◽  
Schrodinger Equation ◽  
Inertial Frame ◽  
Special Theory ◽  
Theory Of Relativity ◽  
Special Theory Of Relativity ◽  
Klein Gordon

Schrodinger equation is a wave equation. Wave function uses as a probability amplitude in quantum mechanics. We make Schrodinger equation from Klein-Gordon free particle’s wave function in cosmological special theory of relativity.

scholarly journals Derivation of All Linear Transformations that Meet the Results of Michelson-Morley’s Experiment and Discussion of the Relativity Basics

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Szostek
Keyword(s):  
Inertial Frame ◽  
Special Theory ◽  
Formal Proof ◽  
Frame Of Reference ◽  
Theory Of Relativity ◽  
Special Theory Of Relativity ◽  
Linear Transformations ◽  
Mean Velocity ◽  
Velocity Of Light ◽  
Zero Values

The article presents formal proof that the Special Theory of Relativity is wrong, that is, the interpretation of the mathematics on which STR is based, proposed by Einstein is incorrect. The article shows that there are infinitely many kinematics in which one-way speed of light is always equal to c. The kinematics of Special Theory of Relativity (STR) is only one of those infinitely many kinematics. It presents that mathematics on which STR kinematics is based can be interpreted differently and this leads to other conclusions on the properties of this kinematics. In this article, the whole class of linear transformations of time and coordinate was derived. Transformations were derived on the assumption that conclusions from Michelson-Morley’s and Kennedy-Thorndikea’s experiments are met for the observer from each inertial frame of reference, i.e. that the mean velocity of light in the vacuum flowing along the way back and forth is constant. It was also assumed that there is at least one inertial frame of reference, in which the velocity of light in a vacuum in each direction has the same value c, and the space is isotropic for observers from this distinguished inertial frame of reference (universal frame of reference). Derived transformations allow for building many different kinematics according to Michelson-Morley’s and Kennedy-Thorndikea’s experiments. The class of transformations derived in the study is a generalization of transformations derived in the paper [10], which consists in enabling non-zero values of parameter e(v). The idea of such a generalization derives from the person, who gave me this extended transformations class for analysis and publication.

scholarly journals A New Problem with the Twin Paradox

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Koshun Suto
Keyword(s):  
Coordinate System ◽  
Constant Velocity ◽  
Inertial Frame ◽  
Thought Experiment ◽  
Special Theory ◽  
Twin Paradox ◽  
Theory Of Relativity ◽  
Special Theory Of Relativity ◽  
Coordinate Systems ◽  
Accelerated Motion

This paper discusses the “triplet thought experiment” in which accelerated motion is eliminated from the famous twin paradox thought experiment of the special theory of relativity (STR). The author considers the coordinate systems of an inertial frame M and rocket A moving at constant speed relative to each other. First, an observer in inertial frame M performs the triplet thought experiment, and it is confirmed that the delay in time which elapses in the moving system agrees with the predictions of the STR. However, the delay in time predicted by the STR is observed even in the case when an observer A in rocket A carries out the triplet thought experiment. Before starting movement at constant velocity, rocket A experiences accelerated motion. The coordinate system of rocket A cannot be regarded physically as a stationary system. Even so, observer A observes the delay predicted by the STR. If the previous, traditional interpretation is assumed to be correct, observer A will never observe a delay in time agreeing with the predictions of the STR. To avoid paradox, the previously proposed traditional interpretation must be revised.

scholarly journals An Elucidation of the Symmetry of Length Contraction Predicted by the Special Theory of Relativity

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Koshun Suto
Keyword(s):  
Common Sense ◽  
Constant Velocity ◽  
Inertial Frame ◽  
Special Theory ◽  
Theory Of Relativity ◽  
Special Theory Of Relativity ◽  
Length Contraction ◽  
Inertial Frames ◽  
Objective State

In this paper, consider a rod A (inertial frame A) and rod B (inertial frame B) moving at constant velocity relative to each other. Assume that the lengths of two rods are equal when they are stationary. According to the STR, when length in the direction of motion of rod B, moving at constant velocity, is measured from inertial frame A, the rod contracts in the direction of motion. Also, the time which elapses on clock in inertial frame B is delayed compared to the time which elapses on clock in inertial frame A. If, conversely, inertial frame A is measured from inertial frame B, rod A contracts in the direction of motion, and the time which elapses on clock is delayed. However, according to classical common sense, if rod B contracts when measured from inertial frame A, then rod A measured from rod B must be longer than rod B. Thus, this paper discusses the symmetry of rod contraction, and elucidates this problem. It is found, based on the discussion in this paper, that the contraction of a rod includes true physical contraction, and relativistic contraction obtained due to measurement using the method indicated by Einstein. However, in the STR, any two inertial frames are equivalent, and therefore is not possible to accept points such as the fact that reasons for contraction are different. This paper concludes that STR is not a theory which describes the objective state of reality.

scholarly journals Time in the Special Theory of Relativity

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Savitt
Keyword(s):  
Special Relativity ◽  
Reference Frame ◽  
Inertial Frame ◽  
Special Theory ◽  
Inertial Reference Frame ◽  
Theory Of Relativity ◽  
Special Theory Of Relativity ◽  
Crucial Element ◽  
Most Significant Change ◽  
Conventionality Of Simultaneity

Restricted to special relativity, this chapter observes that the most significant change in the concept of time is certainly the relativity of simultaneity. What events are simultaneous with some event for one observer are different from those that are simultaneous with respect to an object traveling in a different inertial frame. Many believe that this relativity can play a role in an argument for eternalism. This chapter critically surveys these arguments before taking on the implications of relativity for the metaphysics of time. It also tackles the conventionality of simultaneity. Many philosophers of science, especially during the early days of relativity, felt that simultaneity is not only relative but also conventional—there is a crucial element of choice in deciding what events are simultaneous for any other in a given inertial reference frame, so that there is no fact of the matter about what is simultaneous.

scholarly journals Special Relativity sans Lorentz Transformation (OR) Perceptional Relativity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
SEBASTIN PATRICK ASOKAN
Keyword(s):  
Special Relativity ◽  
Lorentz Transformation ◽  
Fast Moving ◽  
Inertial Frame ◽  
Special Theory ◽  
Theory Of Relativity ◽  
Special Theory Of Relativity ◽  
Speed Of Light ◽  
Slowing Down ◽  
Inertial Frames

Abstract This paper shows that from the fact that the same Reality is perceived differently by the observers in different inertial frames, we can draw a simple and straightforward explanation for the constancy of light's speed in all inertial frames without any need for bringing in paradoxical Lorentz Transformation. This paper shows that the premise that each inertial frame has its unique time, which Lorentz Transformation introduced to explain the constancy of the speed of light in all inertial frames is incompatible with the interchangeability of the frames, an essential requisite of the First Postulate of the Special Theory of Relativity. This paper also points out the misconceptions regarding the claimed experimental verifications of Lorentz Transformation's predictions in the Hafele–Keating experiment and μ meson experiment. This paper hints at the possibility of attributing the observed slowing down of fast-moving clocks to the Relativistic Variation of Mass with Velocity instead of Time Dilation. This paper concludes that Einstein's Special Theory Relativity can stand on its own merits without Lorentz Transformation.

scholarly journals A Breakdown in the Special Theory of Relativity Demonstrated Based on an Elucidation of the Relativity of Time

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Koshun Suto
Keyword(s):  
Inertial Frame ◽  
Thought Experiment ◽  
Special Theory ◽  
Light Signal ◽  
Moving Frames ◽  
Theory Of Relativity ◽  
Special Theory Of Relativity ◽  
Coordinate Systems ◽  
Inertial Frames ◽  
Stationary Frame

In the thought experiment in this paper, we consider inertial frames M and A moving at constant velocity relative to each other. First, a light signal is emitted from inertial frame M toward inertial frame A when the time on a clock in inertial frame M is 1 (s). In the scenario of this paper, that light arrives at inertial frame A when time on the clock in A is 2 (s). Next, the situation is reversed, and a light signal is emitted from inertial frame A toward inertial frame M when the time in inertial frame A is 1 (s). That light arrives at inertial frame M when the time in M is 2 (s). According to the special theory of relativity (STR), the two inertial frames are equivalent, and thus it is not surprising that symmetric experiment results are obtained. However, it has already been pointed out that, among the coordinate systems regarded by Einstein as inertial frames, there are “classically stationary frames” where light propagates isotropically, and “classically moving frames” where light propagates anisotropically. If a classically stationary frame is incorporated into a thought experiment, it becomes easier to predict the experiment results. This paper elucidates a system whereby symmetrical experiment results can be obtained, even if the two coordinate systems are not equivalent. If one attempts to explain such experiment results from the standpoint of the STR, it ironically requires the use of logic that is unacceptable under the STR. Thus, this paper explains those experiment results by using logic different from the STR, and demonstrates the breakdown in the STR.

scholarly journals Thought Experiment Revealing a Contradiction in the Special Theory of Relativity

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Koshun Suto
Keyword(s):  
Constant Velocity ◽  
Velocity Vector ◽  
Inertial Frame ◽  
Thought Experiment ◽  
Special Theory ◽  
Light Signal ◽  
Theory Of Relativity ◽  
Special Theory Of Relativity ◽  
Inertial Frames

<p class="1Body">In the thought experiment in this paper, we considered inertial frames M and A moving at a constant velocity relative to each other. A light signal emitted from inertial frame A, when time of a clock in inertial frame A was 1(s), arrived at inertial frame M when time of a clock in inertial frame M was 2(s). In this paper, the time in inertial frame A when the time in inertial frame M was 2(s) was predicted by observers in inertial frames M and A by applying the special theory of relativity (STR). Predictions of the two observers did not match. Einstein regarded all inertial frames as equivalent, but there are cases where a velocity vector is attached to some inertial frame. Einstein overlooked this fact, and thus a discrepancy appeared in the values predicted by the two observers. It is not the case that all inertial frames are equivalent. This paper concludes that the STR is a theory incorporating a contradiction which must be corrected.</p>

scholarly journals Klein-Gordon Equation and Wave Function in Cosmological Special Theory of Relativity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangwha Yi
Keyword(s):  
Wave Function ◽  
Gordon Equation ◽  
Special Theory ◽  
Theory Of Relativity ◽  
Special Theory Of Relativity ◽  
Klein Gordon ◽  
Klein Gordon Equation

In the Cosmological Special Theory of Relativity, we study energy-momentum relations, Klein-Gordon equation and wave function.

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