Super Accelerated Motion in Rindler Spacetime

In the general relativity theory, we discover formulas that the super accelerated matter moves withthe acceleration about Rindler space-time. We can represent the super accelerated motion aboutcoordinates

Tetrad in Curved Space-Time in Cosmological General Theory of Relativity

In the cosmological general theory of relativity, we define the tetrad that moves in r-axis in the curved space-time. We study an accelerated motion in curved space-time.

The Connection between Rf Anisotropy of Acoustically Excited NaCl Aqueous Solution and Debye Ionic Vibrational Potential

In this paper, we considered two phenomena in acoustically excited aqueous solutions of a strong electrolyte. These are the well-known Debye ionic vibrational potential (IVP), and radiofrequency anisotropy we discovered earlier , apparently, for the first time. Since both occur due to the accelerated motion of the solution, we have tried to combine them in one simple model. We have established that for a polarized UHF radio wave passed through a NaCl aqueous solution excited by an acoustic pulse the rotation angle of its vector E is proportional to the integral of the square of the observing IVP over time. An equivalent electrical circuit simulating the observed phenomena has been proposed and tested for physical feasibility. Several arguments are given in favour of the fluid-gyroscopic mechanism of RF anisotropy-related effects. We also found out that the IVP is practically independent of the vibrational velocity for frequencies below 10 kHz and it tends to zero at zero frequency. The latter is consistent with the law of conservation of energy but contradicts the incomplete existing theory.

Methodological approaches to the use of the law of inertia in the development of socio-economic systems

The relevance of the proposed study is due to the application of Newton’s laws on the determination of speed and acceleration, which reflects the establishment of the actual specific weights of production factors by phases (stages) of the economies’ development of the countries in the world. By applying the laws of physics, the simplest methods have been developed for decomposing the absolute growth of GDP per capita, according to the factors that determine it. A model of economic growth is determined, which is similar in content to Newton’s first law of measuring the paths traveled with uniformly accelerated motion of matter. By calculation, the forecast parameters of the Russian economy can be determined, which determine the GDP per capita until 2030. At the same time, the basic factors of development (45%), investment in fixed assets (35%) and innovative (20%) remain the main factor in the development of global competitiveness in Russia. To do this, you need to gain the proper acceleration. We propose a new approach for assessing the economic stability of socio-economic systems, based on taking into account the mutual influence of the elements of large systems on each other. The novelty of the research lies in the use of the laws of inertia in the development of the economy, since the existing forecasting activity does not provide for obtaining promising changes in the volume and structure of the forecast. As the competitiveness of the countries of the world develops, the share of basic factors such as labor, capital and natural resources decreases significantly (from 50% in the first stage to 40% in the second, and up to 30% in the third stage of economic development). In the stage of high-tech development of the countries in the world, the proportion of factors of innovative development grows up to 30% comparing with 10% in the first two stages of its development. To illustrate the applied value, Newton’s second law was applied as an alternative method for preliminary estimation of the specific weights of three groups of production factors.

TIME REPRESENTATION IN SCIENTIFIC DIAGRAMS: GALILEO GALILEI’S SOLUTION TO THE PROBLEM OF THE MOTION OF A FALLING BODY

Рассматриваются способы научного изображения темпоральных явлений на примере чертежей Галилео Галилея, при помощи которых он описывает и исследует равноускоренное движение. Для анализа применяется концептуальная рамка теории изобразительной и неизобразительной репрезентации Грегори Карри. Показано, что в случае научных диаграмм и графиков, представляющих время как одно из измерений пространства, основанием для геометрической изобразимости времени становится полагаемый изоморфизм между временем как континуумом мгновений и линией как континуумом точек. Парадигму такого структурного сопоставления мы находим в математическом мышлении Галилея, наиболее ярко проявляющемся в доказательстве формулы равноускоренного движения, представленном в «Беседах и математических доказательствах». The textbook narrative of the scientific revolution of the 17th century says that the early modern transformation of physics and mechanics was grounded in mathematization, that is, the application of mathematical principles and procedures to physical entities and events. However, such a transformation faces a major obstacle: compared to geometry, mechanics includes an additional dimension, namely, time. When temporality of motion is to be represented geometrically, a question arises on how a temporal succession can be expressed by a static image. The problem of representation of temporal events is not limited to science. In my paper, I apply a conceptual tool elaborated by Gregory Currie for the analysis of temporal representations in art, especially in cinema, to the analysis of scientific diagrams. In his book Image and Mind. Film, Philosophy, and Cognitive Science (1995), Currie distinguishes depictive and nondepictive representations, arguing that depictive representation requires similarity and homomorphism between an object ant its representation. Thus, it seems that any non-temporal image of temporal processes would lack the required similarity and cannot be a depictive representation. However, taking into account explanations given by Galileo Galilei for his famous diagrams of accelerated motion, I argue that the representation of time in scientific diagrams as a geometrical line is grounded in isomorphism between time as a continuous structure and continuous structure of a geometrical line. The main temporal process studied by mechanics is motion. Motion can be represented in two main ways: as a trajectory of a body over some period of time or as a functional relation of various parameters of motion (speed, path, acceleration) versus time. In the latter case, time is usually represented in a diagram as a geometrical line. We can find the origin of this type of representation in the late medieval doctrine of ‘intensio et remissio qualitatum’, intension and remission of qualities, in the context of which first diagrams representing intensity and extension of velocity of nonuniform motion as a changing quality over time were produced (Nicolas Oresme). We can find very similar graphical schemes in Galileo Galilei’s works, especially in Discorsi e dimostrazioni matematiche intorno a due nuove scienze (1638). In this work, Galileo announces with all clarity that he considers time to be the same aggregate of temporal moments as a line is an aggregate of points: every moment of time has a corresponding point on the geometrical line. This allows us to establish a homomorphic similarity between temporal duration and spatial (geometrical) extension. Thus, the essential requirement for depictive representation is met. Concluding, I have to point out that the homomorphic relation in this case is established between not real but abstract entities. The visible line itself is a representation of non-visible abstract geometrical line; in the same way, time consisting of non-divisible moments is just an abstract construction which refers to physical of psychological time-duration. However, the established relation between abstract time and abstract geometrical lines is a grounding event of the modern physical science.

COMPUTER SIMULATION OF PARTICLE VELOCITY IN A CYCLONE

The article sets the goal of determining and calculating the speed of accelerated movement of particles in the gas-dust flow of an air cyclone, depending on the size of the cyclone, the physical properties of the particle and the gas-dust flow. A method for constructing a computer model of the motion of a particle in a roaring gas-dust flow of a cyclone is presented. The sequence of formalization of the computer model of the process of sedimentation of particles of a gas-dust flow of a cyclone unit is based on the theoretical foundations of aerodynamics and touches on the most significant aspects of the development of a cyclone. Attention paid to the analysis of the dynamics of particle motion in a centrifugal field, accelerated motion and a realistic estimate of the particle velocity. The mutual influences of five forces are considered. This is the centrifugal force, the force of resistance of the gas-dust flow, the forces of gravity, the Archimedean force and the force of inertia, acting on the accelerating motion of the particle in the flow. On the basis of the block principle, a general computer model of the cycloning process is built, which makes it possible to calculate the uneven velocity of a particle in a gas-dust flow. Analytical methods for evaluating the acceleration parameters and the main methods of numerical analysis of the dynamics of particle motion, shows that the main advantage of up to 0.8 seconds is the accelerated motion of a particle in a gas-dust flow under the given conditions. During this time, most of the particles reach the cyclone wall. This shows that the determination of the accelerating motion of a particle plays an important role in cyclones.

Evaluation of accelerated motion-compensated 3d water/fat late gadolinium enhanced MR for atrial wall imaging

Objective 3D late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) imaging is a promising non-invasive technique for the assessment of atrial fibrosis. However, current techniques result in prolonged and unpredictable scan times and high rates of non-diagnostic images. The purpose of this study was to compare the performance of a recently proposed accelerated respiratory motion-compensated 3D water/fat LGE technique with conventional 3D LGE for atrial wall imaging. Materials and methods 18 patients (age: 55.7±17.1 years) with atrial fibrillation underwent conventional diaphragmatic navigator gated inversion recovery (IR)-prepared 3D LGE (dNAV) and proposed image-navigator motion-corrected water/fat IR-prepared 3D LGE (iNAV) imaging. Images were assessed for image quality and presence of fibrosis by three expert observers. The scan time for both techniques was recorded. Results Image quality scores were improved with the proposed compared to the conventional method (iNAV: 3.1 ± 1.0 vs. dNAV: 2.6 ± 1.0, p = 0.0012, with 1: Non-diagnostic to 4: Full diagnostic). Furthermore, scan time for the proposed method was significantly shorter with a 59% reduction is scan time (4.5 ± 1.2 min vs. 10.9 ± 3.9 min, p < 0.0001). The images acquired with the proposed method were deemed as inconclusive less frequently than the conventional images (expert 1/expert 2: 4/7 dNAV and 2/4 iNAV images inconclusive). Discussion The motion-compensated water/fat LGE method enables atrial wall imaging with diagnostic quality comparable to the current conventional approach with a significantly shorter scan of about 5 min.