scholarly journals On the reliability of radiocarbon dating of burial sites of the Tagar culture

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-121
Author(s):  
Nikolai Kuzmin
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Time Span ◽  
Specific Time ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Archaeological Data ◽  
Minusinsk Basin ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Scythian Period ◽  
Burial Grounds

The results of radiocarbon dating of the Scythian period Tagar culture burial grounds excavated in the Minusinsk basin in several cases do not match to archaeological chronology and change conventional ideas on the succession of certain periods of its evolution. The verification of the reliability of the results of radiocarbon dating made on base of stratigraphic data, the sequence of changes in burial complexes (structures, rituals, implements), archaeological dating of some artifacts which takes into account the results of chemical analysis of bronze, earthenware and glass items demonstrated that the dates lying beyond the so-called the Hallstatt plateau (800-400 BC) are most consistent with archaeological concepts. Within this period radiocarbon dates either lay a wide range, which does not allow determining the specific time of the construction of the site, or, if a narrow time span for the complex existence is supposed, they turn out to be erroneous, as it is in case with the early Saragash mounds. Another problem point is disagreement between the results of radiocarbon dating and archaeological data which reveal the existence of clear parallels between archaeological characteristics of the Bidzhin-type mounds of the Tagar culture identified in the MinusinskBasin with those of the burial complexes of the Aldy-Bel culture of Tuva. Obviously radiocarbon dates obtained for the elite complex of Arzhan-2 fully disagree with these observations leaving cultural parallels unexplainable.

scholarly journals Radiocarbon Dating of Barrows of the Pazyryk, Karakoba, and Bystrianka Cultures from the Manzherok Region, Russia

Radiocarbon ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 1263-1274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andriey P Borodovskiy ◽  
Marek Krąpiec ◽  
Łukasz Oleszczak
Keyword(s):  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Time Span ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
The North ◽  
Pazyryk Culture ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Scythian Period

AbstractThis paper presents radiocarbon (14C) dating of Scythian period sites discovered in Northern Altai, Russia, in the 1990s, including large, unlooted barrow cemeteries in the Manzherok region. The results indicate that barrows attributed to the Karakoba culture may represent a long time span from the beginning of the 9th century BC until the beginning of 1st century BC, while those linked with the North Pazyryk culture generally keep within the Scythian period: from the beginning of the 5th century BC to the late 1st century AD. 14C analysis has confirmed the viability of traditional archaeological dating and the contemporaneity of barrows belonging to various cultural traditions (North Pazyryk, Karakoba), and also allowed correlating the horizons of burials to the seismic phenomena observed at the site.

scholarly journals The Eneolithic Burial of Maksimovka I Soil Burial Ground from the Samara Trans-Volga Region

2019 ◽  
pp. 6-16
Author(s):  
Victor Tsibin ◽  
Anton Shalapinin
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Burial Ground ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Soil Burial ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
New Information ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Burial Grounds

Introduction. In the early 1980s the materials of soil burial grounds served as a base for identifying a special Eneolithic period in the history of the Middle and Lower Volga regions. Gathering of source basis on burial Eneolithic complexes is being effected rather slowly. Due to this fact the publication of new information on burial complexes of the Copper Age is quite urgent. This article enters the materials found during the excavations on Maksimovka I soil burial ground situated within the Samara river basin into scientific life. Methods. The collective burial on Maksimovka I burial ground consisted of three or probably four skeletons. They were supine, their legs bent at the knees and their heads oriented towards the North-East. Grave goods included a bone tool, a pressure tool, a sandstone pendant, flint scrapers and a borer, arrowheads with straight or emarginated foundation. Results. While comparing the burial rite with materials of other Eneolithic burial grounds one can see the greatest similarity in the complexes of the Khvalynsk Eneolithic culture (the presence of collective burials, supine position of skeletons with bent legs, orienting the buried people’s heads towards the North-East). Leaf-like arrowheads with narrowed bases and a cavity on the foundation were used in a wide range of activities in the Eneolithic period and Early Bronze Age in the Volga-Don interfluve. However they are typical for Caspian and Altatin complexes in the steppe area of the Volga region. Discussion. In accordance with the latest radiocarbon dates concerning the Eneolithic materials of soil burial grounds and settlement monuments one should date the burial on Maksimovka soil burial ground tentatively 5200–4500 BC.

scholarly journals First Radiocarbon Chronology for the Early Iron Age Sites of Central Kazakhstan (Tasmola Culture and Korgantas Period)

Radiocarbon ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arman Z Beisenov ◽  
Svetlana V Svyatko ◽  
Aibar Е Kassenalin ◽  
Kairat А Zhambulatov ◽  
Daniyar Duisenbai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Early Iron Age ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Archaeological Data ◽  
Scythian Period ◽  
Radiocarbon Chronology

AbstractWe present the first radiocarbon dates of Early Iron Age sites of central Kazakhstan (in total, 24 dates for 16 recently excavated sites). Archaeologically, the sites have been attributed to the Tasmola culture of the Saka period and later Korgantas phase of the early Hun period. The new accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) 14C dates suggest that the majority of analyzed Tasmola sites belong to the beginning of the 8th–5th century cal BC, while Korgantas dates to the 4th–2nd century cal BC. This corresponds with the latest archaeological data for the region; however, it is somewhat contrary to the traditional perception of the chronology of the Scythian period in central Kazakhstan. The new dates suggest the beginning of the Early Scythian period in the region in at least the late 9th or 8th century BC rather than 7th century BC according to the traditional approach.

Radiocarbon Chronology of the Schurovo Burial Mound Cremation Complex (Viking Times, Middle Oka River, Russia)

Radiocarbon ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 54 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 771-781 ◽  
Author(s):  
A S Syrovatko ◽  
N E Zaretskaya ◽  
A A Troshina ◽  
A V Panin
Keyword(s):  
Little Ice Age ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Burial Mound ◽  
River Terrace ◽  
Archaeological Data ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Burial Mounds ◽  
Radiocarbon Chronology

Excavation of the Schurovo archaeological site, located on a ∼12-m river terrace, has revealed 3 occupation periods: 1) as a dwelling site of the Migration period (4th–5th centuries AD); 2) as local burial mounds (termed “houses of the dead” in Russian); 3) and as a ground burial period, which left a cremation layer directly on the ground and is now covered by the Little Ice Age overbank alluvium. The latter 2 periods contain few artifacts, which makes radiocarbon dating more appropriate for establishing their chronology. The burial mounds were dated to the mid-6th to mid-7th centuries AD. The accumulation of colluvium in mound ditches points to a rather long (at least a century) pause between the construction of burial mounds and the appearance of ground burials. Dates from the cremation layer (ground burials) span a wide range from the 8th to 13th centuries AD. As the younger dates do not correspond to regional historical and archaeological contexts, we believe them to be “rejuvenated” due to their long exposure before burial to the young alluvium. The ground burials are dated to the mid-8th to mid-10th centuries AD, the so-called “dark ages” in the Moscow region characterized by very few archaeological data. An isolated ancient branch of the Oka River near the archaeological site was radiocarbon dated and found to be active until the mid-10th to later-12th centuries AD, meaning that it was likely used as a local harbor on the transit river route throughout the site's occupation.

scholarly journals DATING OF BURIAL GROUNDS OF THE XIONGNU ERA ALA-TEY 1 AND TEREZIN IN TUVA

2022 ◽  
pp. 79-92
Author(s):  
М. Е. Килуновская ◽  
П. М. Леус
Keyword(s):  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Funeral Rites ◽  
Applied Art ◽  
Ceramic Vessels ◽  
Bronze Mirrors ◽  
Burial Grounds

Статья посвящена вопросам датировки могильников эпохи хунну Ала - Тей 1 и Терезин в Туве. В ходе раскопок получен значительный материал, включая непотревоженные захоронения с разнообразным погребальным обрядом и богатым инвентарём. Помимо широко распространённых в это время баночных керамических сосудов, железных ножей, шильев и других бытовых предметов, здесь найдены многочисленные, в том числе уникальные образцы декоративно - прикладного искусства древних кочевников - большие ажурные пряжки с зооморфным или геометрическим орнаментом, инкрустированные и гравированные пряжки - пластины из сибирского гагата, китайские бронзовые зеркала и монеты у - шу, хуннские вазовидные сосуды и пр. Для некоторых погребений получены радиоуглеродные даты. Исходя из анализа погребального инвентаря и результатов радиоуглеродного датирования, время существования этих могильников можно отнести ко 2 - 1 вв. до н. э. The article is devoted to the dating of burial grounds of the Xiongnu Epoch Ala - Tey 1 and Terezin in Tuva. During the excavations, signifi cant material was obtained, including undisturbed burials with a variety of funeral rites and rich inventory. In addition to the widely used ceramic vessels, iron knives, awls and other household items, archaeologists found here numerous and unique samples of ancient nomads’ decorative and applied art - big openwork buckles with zoomorphic or geometric ornaments, inlaid and engraved buckles - plates made of Siberian jet coal, Chinese bronze mirrors and Wu - shu coins, Xiongnu vase - shaped vessels, etc. Radiocarbon dates were defi ned for some burials. Based on the analysis of the burial inventory and the results of radiocarbon dating, the time of existence of these burial grounds can be related to the 2nd - 1st centuries BC.

scholarly journals New Radiocarbon Dates and a Review of the Chronology of Prehistoric Populations from the Minusinsk Basin, Southern Siberia, Russia

Radiocarbon ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 243-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana V Svyatko ◽  
James P Mallory ◽  
Eileen M Murphy ◽  
Andrey V Polyakov ◽  
Paula J Reimer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Age ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Human Bone ◽  
Early Iron Age ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Southern Siberia ◽  
Minusinsk Basin

The results are presented of a new program of radiocarbon dating undertaken on 88 human skeletons. The individuals derived from Eneolithic to Early Iron Age sites—Afanasievo, Okunevo, Andronovo (Fedorovo), Karasuk, and Tagar cultures—in the Minusinsk Basin of Southern Siberia. All the new dates have been acquired from human bone, which is in contrast to some of the previous dates for this region obtained from wood and thus possibly unreliable due to old-wood effects or re-use of the timber. The new data are compared with the existing14C chronology for the region, thereby enabling a clearer understanding to be gained concerning the chronology of these cultures and their place within the prehistory of the Eurasian steppes.

A Study for VM Placement Schemes in Cloud

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 208
Author(s):  
Ramandeep Kaur ◽  
Navpreet Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Task Scheduling ◽  
Specific Time ◽  
Due Date ◽  
Vm Placement ◽  
Time Task ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Web

The cloud computing can be essentially expressed as aconveyance of computing condition where distinctive assets are conveyed as a support of the client or different occupants over the web. The task scheduling basically concentrates on improving the productive use of assets and henceforth decrease in task fruition time. Task scheduling is utilized to allot certain tasks to specific assets at a specific time occurrence. A wide range of systems has been exhibited to take care of the issues of scheduling of various tasks. Task scheduling enhances the productive use of asset and yields less reaction time with the goal that the execution of submitted tasks happens inside a conceivable least time. This paper talks about the investigation of need, length and due date based task scheduling calculations utilized as a part of cloud computing.

scholarly journals Early Balkan Metallurgy: Origins, Evolution and Society, 6200–3700 BC

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miljana Radivojević ◽  
Benjamin W. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Metal Production ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
Archaeological Data ◽  
Tin Bronze ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Production Distribution ◽  
Societal Context ◽  
Copper Gold ◽  
Production Techniques ◽  
Early Metallurgy

AbstractThis paper analyses and re-evaluates current explanations and interpretations of the origins, development and societal context of metallurgy in the Balkans (c. 6200–3700 BC). The early metallurgy in this region encompasses the production, distribution and consumption of copper, gold, tin bronze, lead and silver. The paper draws upon a wide range of existing archaeometallurgical and archaeological data, the diversity and depth of which make the Balkans one of the most intensively investigated of all early metallurgical heartlands across the world. We focus specifically on the ongoing debates relating to (1) the independent invention and innovation of different metals and metal production techniques; (2) the analysis and interpretation of early metallurgical production cores and peripheries, and their collapses; and (3) the relationships between metals, metallurgy and society. We argue that metal production in the Balkans throughout this period reflects changes in the organisation of communities and their patterns of cooperation, rather than being the fundamental basis for the emergence of elites in an increasingly hierarchical society.

Calibrated Radiocarbon Dating at Keatley Creek: The Chronology of Occupation at a Complex Hunter-Gatherer Village

2003 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 719-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
William C. Prentiss ◽  
Michael Lenert ◽  
Thomas A. Foor ◽  
Nathan B. Goodale ◽  
Trinity Schlegel
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Climatic Warming ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Population Aggregation ◽  
Selective Environment

This paper provides an analysis of radiocarbon dates acquired during earlier and recent field seasons at the Keatley Creek site, southern British Columbia. Results indicate that early occupations predating 1900 cal. B.P. occurred, but were not likely associated with population aggregation and large housepits. The aggregated village appears to have emerged by approximately 1700 cal. B.P. and was abandoned at approximately 800 cal. B.P. A break in the occupational sequence is recognized at 1450-1350 cal. B.P. and one other short break may have occurred shortly after 1250 cal. B.P. Peak socioeconomic complexity appears to have been achieved between 1350 and 800 cal B.P. Climatic warming may have provided a selective environment favoring population aggregation and intensification during this time. The final abandonment of the Keatley Creek village appears to have been part of a regional phenomenon suggesting the possibility that climatic factors were important in this case as well.

Reconstructing the Chronology of the House XVII-XVIII Complex at Umm el-Jimal, East Jordan: Radiocarbon Dates of Organic Inclusions of Architectural Mortars

Radiocarbon ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 245-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled Al-Bashaireh
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Housing Demand ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Archaeological Data ◽  
Lime Mortars ◽  
Byzantine Period

This article presents accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) radiocarbon dates of organic inclusions of cement materials from the House XVII-XVIII Complex located in the Umm el-Jimal archaeological site, east Jordan, aiming at refining the unclear chronology of the house. Fine straws and small fragments of charcoal uncovered from preserved architectural lime mortars and plasters were dated without carrying out extensive excavations. The results indicate that the house most probably was initially plastered or built during the middle of the Byzantine period. The results agree with the historical and archaeological data indicating that Umm el-Jimal flourished during this period; therefore, it is probable that the house was established during this time to meet the housing demand for the increased number of its population.

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